1、Unit 5 Overcoming ObstaclesText A True Height1. (L. 1) sweat:1. v. produce sweat*The white shirts were sweated through.*He was sweating after working so hard.2. n. liquid which comes out from the body through the skin to cool it(=I was covered in sweat after running to catch the bus.)2. (L. 8) grace

2、: n. 1) quality of being smooth and elegant, esp. in movement or structure*We admired the grace with which the fashion models walked across the room.*She danced with a grace that surprised us. 2) kindness; willingness to do what is right *She had the grace to say that he was right. *他勉強地承認他錯了。(=He a

3、greed that he was wrong with bad grace.)3. (L. 10) mere: adj. nothing more than(=She lost the election by a mere 20 votes.)光說無濟于事。(=Mere words wont help.)4. (L. 10) fantasy: n. (creation of ) imagination*The story is a fantasy.*He lives in a world of fantasy.CF: fantasy, fancy & imagination fant

4、asy 通常指無限制的，不受意志支配的，完全脫離現實的空想。例如： *An amusement park full of figures from fairy tales may be called Fantasy Land. 一個游樂園，如果充滿了神話故事中的人物塑雕，則堪稱虛幻境界。fancy 強調憑空想象客觀世界不存在之事物，這種憑空想象并非完全脫離現實，只是離現實較遠。例如：*Her mind went where fancy took it. 他總是不著邊際地胡思亂想。imagination 是個常用詞，最少有貶義，它所表示的想象或想象力可以指對過去的事物的重新構想；也可以指對不存在

5、或不能存在之事物的構想。例如： *Does she have the imagination to figure out what happened? 她真的富有想象力，能夠推想出發生的事情嗎？*These plans reveal a complete failure of imagination. 這些計劃顯得毫無想象力。 5. (L.13) numerous: adj. very many *He has a numerous acquaintance among politicians.*During the Depression, numerous people wandered f

6、rom town to town looking for work.6. (L. 15) passion: n. strong feeling, esp. of love(=The poet expressed his burning passion for the woman he loved.)他特別喜歡吃冰淇淋。(=He has a passion for ice cream.)7. (L. 15) detail: n. small, particular fact or item*Everything in her story is correct down to the smalle

7、st detail.不要遺漏一點細節。(=Dont omit a single detail.)Collocation:go/enter into details 詳細說明in detail 詳細地8. (L. 16) recur: vi. 1) come or happen again*If the pain recurs, take this medicine.你知道循環小數嗎？(=Do you know the recurring decimals?)2) (of ideas, events etc.)come back *My first meeting with her often

8、recurs to my memory.*Thoughts of home and family recurred to the lonely traveler.3) go back (to sth.) in words or thought *Let us recur to what you said yesterday. *Do you mind if I may recur to your idea9. (L. 21) coincide: v.1) (of ideas, opinions, etc.) to be in agreement *His tastes and habits c

9、oincide with those of his wife. *The judges did not coincide in opinion.2) happen at the same time of during the same period of time *They could not go to the theatre together because his free time never coincided with hers.(=The art exhibition coincides with the 50th anniversary of his death.)10. (

10、L. 24) core: n. 1) most important or central part of anything *The core of the problem is their objection to educational reform. 讓我們直入事務的本質。(=Lets get to the core of the matter.)2) hard central part containing the seeds of certain fruits, such as the apple*An apple core is the part of an apple left

11、after the flesh has been eaten.Collocation:to the core: 徹底地; 完全地 *She is French to the core. 她是個地道的法國人。11. (L. 28) alternate: 1. adj. 1) every other or second *He works on alternate days. *The show was sponsored by different clients on alternate weeks.2) (or two things) happening by turns 這是晴雨交替的一周。

12、(=This is a week of alternate rain and sunshine.)*She wears a shirt with alternate stripes of blue and white.2. v. (cause to ) follow by turns*We alternated periods of work and rest.湯姆時而發怒，時而害怕。(=Tom alternated between anger and fright.)Collocation:alternate between 時而時而 *They alternate between supp

13、orting us and opposing us.alternate in 輪流 *We alternate in doing the household chores.alternate with （使）與交替 *Sunny weather alternates with rain.12. (L. 32) relax: v. 1) make or become less tense, worried or nervous *Sit down and relax! 音樂可以幫助你放松一下。 (=The music will help to relax you.)2) make or beco

14、me less stiff or tight(=His muscles relaxed.)3) make (effort or control) less severe *You must not relax your control for a moment.13. (L. 37) vain: adj. 1) too pleased with ones own abilities or looks *Shes vain of her beauty. 他極其自負。 (=Hes as vain as a peacock.)2) without result; useless*After a nu

15、mber of vain attempts to climb the mountain, we were forced to return to camp. *It is vain to resist.NB: vain的常用詞組是in vain，意為“徒勞地，白白地”CF: vain, empty, hollow & bare這幾個詞都是形容詞，都有“空的”、“空著的”之意。vain 意思是“空洞的”、“空洞的”。empty 主要表示某空間沒有人或物，無任何內容。hollow 表示物體內部是空的，如數、氣球等。bare 主要指某物的表面上是空的，無裝飾的。(Directions:) F

16、ill in the blank with the above words and change the form where necessary.1. The cinema was half _. 2. Weve made a _ attempt to make him change his mind.3. Dont sleep on _ boards.4. The poor girl went on for another ten miles on an _ stomach.5. The walls look solid, but in fact theyre _14. (L. 44) e

17、motion: n. 1) any of the strong of feelings of the human spirit*Love, hatred, fear and grief are emotions *Jack is a man of great emotion, easily given to tears.2) strength of feeling; excited state of the feelings *He described the accident in a voice shaking with emotion. *He thought of his dead c

18、hild with deep emotion.CF: emotion, feeling and sensitivity這些詞都是名詞，都有“感情”之意。emotion 表示人的精神、身體全部反映的一種狀態，表現為人的任何強烈的感情。例如：*The speaker appealed to our emotions rather than to our minds. 演講者激發了我們的情感而不是啟發我們的思考。feeling 是常用詞，意思是“感覺”、“感觸”、“心情”，部分體現為精神，部分體現為身體，但并不是具有情感反應特征的基本的感覺、反射或心境。除非有上下文的提示，一般不表明反應的性質、程度

19、。例如： *Her feeling was that right would win. 她感覺公理會取得勝利。 *He had lost all of feeling in the left leg. 他的左腿完全失去了知覺。sensitivity 意思是“感受性”、“敏感性”。例如：*The dentist gave me an injection which reduced the sensitivity of the nerve. 牙醫給我注射一針以減輕神經的敏感性。（插入圖片dentist）15. (L. 48) be ashamed of: feeling foolish or un

20、comfortable because of (sth.) *You should be ashamed of your behavior! 他由于問了這樣簡單的問題而感到難為情。 (=He was ashamed of asking such a simple question.)16. (L. 53) startle: vt. Give a sudden shock or surprise to*You startled me! I didnt hear you come in.*She was startled to see him looking so ill.CF: startle,

21、 frighten & terrify這組動詞都是動詞，都有“恐嚇”的意思。startle指短時間內叫人震驚的恐懼，可能造成突然的不由自主的身體不能動彈。例如：*The clap of thunder startled us. 雷鳴般的掌聲驚呆了我。frighten是最普通的詞，沒有特殊的意義，僅表示“嚇唬”或“使害怕”。例如： *Not wanting to frighten the poor man, Mrs Richards quickly hid in the small store-room under the stairs. 理查夫人不想嚇唬這可憐的人，所以她很快地藏到樓梯

22、下的小貯藏室里。terrify 含義是“使恐怖”，受到這種驚怕的人是不能自制的*Bruce engaged low gear and drove at a terrifying speed. 布魯斯接通了低速擋，開車速度快得令人害怕。17. (L. 56) intensity: n. state of being intense*The mayor didnt realize the intensity of peoples feelings on the housing issue.*The poem shows great intensity of feeling.18. (L. 56)

23、anxiety: n. 1) feeling of worry of fear *They felt strong anxiety for her safety. *After hearing their advice he had no more anxieties.2) strong wish to do something; eagerness*The teacher praised him for his anxiety for knowledge. *He always shows his anxiety to please his employers.Collocation:anx

24、iety about 對的焦慮anxiety for 為的擔憂CF: anxiety, worry & concern這些詞都是名詞，都有“擔憂”、“擔心”之意。anxiety 主要指對不幸或失敗的痛苦的恐懼和不確定。例如：*At the most, he will experience feelings of anxiety, shame, insecurity, and helplessness? 他至多能體驗到憂慮、恥辱、不安和無助感。worry指擾亂人精神安寧的持續不斷的疑慮或害怕。例如：*I think rich people have about as many worri

25、es as poor ones. 我認為富人和窮人的煩惱一樣多。concern強調介入了思想不安的因素；它將嚴肅的思想和情緒結合起來。例如：*Concern for man himself and his fate must always form the chief interest of all technical endeavors? 對人類自身及其命運的關注，必將成為所有技術事業的主要關注內容。19. (L. 57) tension: n.1) worry or nervousness *I am suffering from nervous tension. 你能適應大城市的緊張生活

26、嗎？ (=Can you adapt yourself to the tensions of life in a big city?)2) degree of tightness of a wire, rope, etc. *If you increase the tension of that violin string it will break.20. (L. 63) tense: adj. 1) feeling worried or nervous; making people worried or nervous *The two countries began to discuss

27、 their tense relations. (=There is a tense moment before we heard the news.)2) stretched tight; stiff *With his body so tense, it seemed as though he were listening for something. *Is the rope tense?21. (L. 65) along with: together with*He went on the journey along with his two friends.她把鈔票連同找回的零錢和發

28、票一起重又放進抽屜。(=She placed the bank notes, along with the change and receipts, back in the drawer.)Collocation:all along 始終, 一直come along進展; 跟著來get along 進展; 與和睦相處go along 進展; 前進; 同行22. (L. 66) stretch out: spread out; straighten to full length*He stretched himself out in front of the fire.*The sea stre

29、tched out as far as I could see.23. (L. 80) bring (sb.) back to earth: cause (sb.) to stop daydreaming; cause (sb.) to return to reality*Emilys voice brought him back to earth.*You had better bring yourself back to earth for an hour and cook us some dinner.Collocation:come back/down to earth （從幻想中）回

30、到現實on earth 人世間；究竟24. (L. 81) in ones minds eye: in ones imagination*In my minds eye I saw the cliffs rising sheer.她在想象中醞釀自己的下一步作品。(=She was writing her next piece in her minds eye.)25. (L. 87) congratulate: vt. Speak to (a person) with praise and admiration for a happy event or something successful

31、ly done*We congratulate her on having passed the exams. (=Let me congratulate you on the birth of your daughter.)26. (L. 91) media: n. means of mass communication, e.g. TV, radio, newspaper*The media controls/control the news.*Much of what children learn comes directly from the mass media.Text B Fou

32、rteen Steps1. (para. 1) incline: v. (make sb.) tend to feel sth. or want to do sth.* I incline to the view that peace can be achieved. * The Prime Minister is believed to be inclining towards an April election.* 盡管不是很確定，我還是傾向于相信他說的話。(=Although not very convincing, I'm still inclined to believe w

33、hat he said.) * She inclines to leanness. (=她體質屬偏瘦型。)2. (para. 2) in good/excellent/poor health: 健康狀況良好/很好/差)* Living together with her sons, the old woman was very happy and in excellent health. * 因為抽煙抽得很厲害，他的健康狀況較差。(=The man was in poor health due to his heavy smoking. )3. (para. 4) horrible: adj.

34、 causing a feeling of extreme fear or dislike * That fish smells horrible. / a horrible crime/nightmare * 昨晚我做了一個可怕的惡夢。 (=I had a horrible nightmare last night. )4. (para. 4) suffer from: experience physical or mental pain* She's been suffering from (= been ill with) cancer for two years. * 他妻子去

35、世時他遭受了很大的痛苦。(=He suffered quite a lot when his wife left him. )5. (para. 4) progressive: adj. happening or advancing gradually by stages over a period of time * Cancer is a disease caused by progressive growth of abnormal cells. * 過去幾年來，生活水平逐漸下降。(=There's been a progressive decline in the standa

36、rd of living over the past few years. )6. (para. 6) in spite of: (used before one fact that makes another fact surprising) taking no notice of; not being affected by * In spite of the fact that she was too ill to see anyone, he insisted on visiting her. * 盡管有傷在身，比爾還是會參加周六的比賽。 (=In spite of his injur

37、y, Bill will play in Saturday's match. ) 7. (para. 6) aid: n. help * A woman in the street saw that he was in trouble and came to his aid. * 她幫助了一個被困在車內的男人。(=She went to the aid of a man trapped in his car. )8. (para. 6) install: vt. place, fix (a piece of equipment) in position for use; add new

38、 software to the computer * The plumber is coming tomorrow to install the new washing machine. * 你能幫我裝一下這個軟件嗎？(=Can you help me install this software? )9. (para. 6) optimistic: adj. believing that good things will happen in the future * The doctor said he was optimistic that the little boy would mak

39、e a full recovery. * 她有信心贏得金牌。(=She is optimistic about her chances of winning a gold medal. )10. (para. 6) to a degree: to a certain extent, partly* To some degree I think that's right, but there are other factors which may affect the situation. * 那部電影有點枯燥。(=The film was boring to a degree. )11

40、. (para. 8) Our home was a split-level affair with 14 steps leading up from the garage to the kitchen door. What is “a split-level affair” ? (= A room or building that has floors at different heights in different parts. ) Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我們家住的是錯層式的房子，從汽車間通往廚房門有14級臺階。)12. (para

41、. 8) I felt that if the day arrived when I was unable to lift one foot up one step and then drag the other painfully after it repeating the process 14 times until, utterly spent , I would be through I could then admit defeat and lie down and die. Translate the sentence into Chinese. (=我覺得如果有一天我無法再抬起

42、一只腳邁上一個臺階，再痛苦地拖起另一只腳將這個過程重復14遍，直到精疲力竭爬上去到那時我就會服輸并躺下死去。)13. (para. 10) hold on to: not give up; not let go of* I'd hold on to that house for the time being; house prices are rising sharply at the moment. * 他依然努力想保住在政府部門的職位。(=He was still managing to hold on to his position in the government. )14.

43、 (para. 10) miserable: adj. causing great unhappiness, discomfort, etc.; extremely unhappy* What a miserable existence! How could anyone live in such dreadful conditions! * 過去，農民的生活很痛苦。 (=In the old days the peasants lived a miserable life. )15. (para. 13) dismiss: vt. put (thoughts, etc.) out of on

44、e's mind; remove (sb.) from a position* The committee dismissed the idea as rubbish. * 凡是違反公司規定的人都將被解雇。(=Anyone who breaks company rules will be dismissed. )16. (para. 15) bundle: vt. wrap; dress warmly because it is cold * We're supposed to bundle newspapers before throwing them away. * 你最好

45、穿暖和一點，外面很冷。(=You'd better bundle up because it's very cold outdoors. )17. (para. 17) interval: n. a period of time between events, activities, etc. * After an interval of three days the peace talks resumed. * There's often a long interval between an author completing a book and it appearing in the bookshops. * 我們每隔一段時間見個面，一般大約一月一次。(=We see each other at regular intervals usually about once a month. ) 18. (para. 24) penetrate: v.