1、-非謂語形式非謂語形式(1)一一 非謂語形式非謂語形式在英語中，一個句子(主句或從句)中只能有一套主謂結構，每個句子中必須有一個謂語部分謂語部分，除謂語部分之外的動詞就應當用非謂語形式非謂語形式 如果一個動詞在句子中不作謂語時，就必須使用下面表格中的某一種形式，即非謂語形式非謂語形式：名 稱種 類 主 動 形 式 被 動 形 式 不定式一般式 to + V to + be +V-ed 進行式 to +be +V- ingto +be +being +V-ed 完成式 to +have +V-edto +have been +V-ed 動 名 詞 一般式 V- ing being + V-ed

2、完成式 having + done having +been + V-ed 現在分詞 一般式 V- ing being + V-ed 完成式 having + donehaving +been + V-ed 過去分詞 一般式 V-ed 無如：他坐在那里看小說如：他坐在那里看小說 He is sitting there reading a novel. 在上面這個句子里, 我們用了is sitting 來作謂語,那么, “看”(read)這個動詞就要用非謂語形式非謂語形式來表達.這里的reading是現在分詞一般式的主動式現在分詞一般式的主動式,當然這里為什么要用現在分詞一般式的主動式,我們下面

3、會詳細地講述.一個句子中除謂語之外還有那些句子成份呢？一個句子中除謂語之外還有那些句子成份呢？ 主語主語, 賓語賓語, 表語表語, 定語定語, 狀語狀語,補語共補語共6 種種 (注：同位語一般不用動詞來作注：同位語一般不用動詞來作!) 有這么多的非謂語形式, 如果一個動詞作非謂語(比如說:定語),我們到底選用那一種形式呢? 我們先來看下面的句子我們先來看下面的句子: (1). The boy standing there is my elder brother.(2). The problem discussed yesterday is very important.(3). The mee

4、ting being held in the next room is about environment protecting.上面三個句子中劃線部分在句中都是作定語,但是用了不同的非謂語形式 ！(1). 第一個句子中用了第一個句子中用了現在分詞一般式的主動式現在分詞一般式的主動式, 表示表示 “說話時說話時正站在正站在 那里那里,并且被修飾的名詞并且被修飾的名詞the boy與動詞與動詞 站站的關系是的關系是主動關系主動關系.” (2). 第二個句子中用的是第二個句子中用的是過去分詞過去分詞,表示表示 “說話時說話時已經發生過已經發生過的事情并且的事情并且 動詞動詞“討論討論”與被修飾的中

5、心詞與被修飾的中心詞problem是是被動關系被動關系” (3).第三個句子中用的是第三個句子中用的是現在分詞一般式的被動式現在分詞一般式的被動式,表示表示 “說話時說話時正在發正在發生生 并且動詞并且動詞 “舉行舉行”與被修飾的中心詞與被修飾的中心詞meeting為為被動關系被動關系 從上面的例句可以看出從上面的例句可以看出,要正確使用非謂語形式要正確使用非謂語形式,我們應該我們應該了解兩個方面的內容了解兩個方面的內容: 1. 非謂語動詞相對于謂語動詞的非謂語動詞相對于謂語動詞的時間時間含義；含義；2. 非謂語動詞和與之相關的詞之間的非謂語動詞和與之相關的詞之間的關系關系. 下面我們來系統地

6、學習非謂語形式下面我們來系統地學習非謂語形式.二 非謂語形式的功能 并不是任何一種非謂語形式都可以用作謂語之外的任何成份！我們先來看一看下面的表格： 成份名稱主語賓語表語定語狀語補語不定式不定式動名詞動名詞不能作不能作不能作不能作現在分詞現在分詞不能作不能作不能作不能作過去分詞過去分詞不能作不能作不能作不能作(非謂語形式功能表非謂語形式功能表) 從上表中我們只能得出這樣的結論從上表中我們只能得出這樣的結論：當非謂語動詞用狀語和補語時，：當非謂語動詞用狀語和補語時，不需要考慮動名詞；當非謂語動詞作主語和賓語時，不需要考慮分詞不需要考慮動名詞；當非謂語動詞作主語和賓語時，不需要考慮分詞(包包括現在

7、分詞和過去分詞括現在分詞和過去分詞) 對于其它的形式，從表格中不難看出對于其它的形式，從表格中不難看出, 一種非謂語成份都有兩種或一種非謂語成份都有兩種或兩種以上的非謂語形式可以充當兩種以上的非謂語形式可以充當. 怎么辦呢怎么辦呢? 我們只要把我們只要把同一種成份同一種成份的不同非謂語形式的不同含義的不同非謂語形式的不同含義了解清楚就可以了了解清楚就可以了 三 非謂語形式的不同含義1. 作主語時作主語時: 作主語時可以用兩種形式：不定式和動名詞，如：(1). To learn English is not easy.(2). Eating too much is bad for your he

8、alth.區別：不定式表示具體或一次性的動作，也可表示將來的動作。區別：不定式表示具體或一次性的動作，也可表示將來的動作。 動名詞表示經常或泛指的動作。動名詞表示經常或泛指的動作。 不定式和動名詞作主語時常用不定式和動名詞作主語時常用一般式一般式！不定式和動名詞作主語時請注意以下幾點：1. 常用it作形式主語;2. 當用于It is no use/good doing sth的句型時常用動名詞； 當用于for sb./sth. to do 或疑問詞+to do的 結構時常用不定式. 如：(1). Its not easy to learn English well.(2). Its no us

9、e asking him for help.(3). Its no use crying over the spilt milk. (諺語：覆水難收)(4). How to solve the problem is a hot potato.(5). Its necessary for you to read books 2. 作賓語時作賓語時: 作賓語與作主語時一樣作賓語與作主語時一樣,也可以用不定式或動名詞也可以用不定式或動名詞.如如:(1). He tried to catch up with his classmates.(2). The baby stopped crying and

10、 listened to the radio.(3). Thank you for treating me.區別：區別：1. 介詞后面的賓語一般用動名詞，不用不定式！介詞后面的賓語一般用動名詞，不用不定式！ 2. 及物動詞后面有些用動名詞，有些用不定式，我們一般及物動詞后面有些用動名詞，有些用不定式，我們一般 記住那些只帶動名詞作賓語的動詞！記住那些只帶動名詞作賓語的動詞！再如：How about planning for a trip? We are looking forward to seeing you again. (to為介詞) admit 承認 appreciate 感激,欣賞

11、avoid 避免 complete 完成 consider 考慮 cant help 忍不住 delay 耽誤 deny 否認 endure 忍受 enjoy 喜歡 escape 逃脫 excuse原諒 finish 完成 forgive 寬恕 imagine 想象 include 包括 keep 繼續 mind 介意 miss 錯過 prevent 阻止 postpone 推遲 practise 練習 recall 回憶 resist 抵抗， risk 冒險 suggest 建議 stand 忍受 常帶動名詞作賓語的及物動詞有：常帶動名詞作賓語的及物動詞有：可帶不定式也可帶動名詞作賓語但含義

12、有區別的及物動詞有：可帶不定式也可帶動名詞作賓語但含義有區別的及物動詞有： remember forget regret stop go on mean try cant helpto do:表示表示“記得要去做某事記得要去做某事”doing表示表示“記得做過某事記得做過某事”to do表示忘記要做某事表示忘記要做某事doing表示忘記做過了某事表示忘記做過了某事to do表示對于要做某事感到遺憾表示對于要做某事感到遺憾doing表示后悔做過某事表示后悔做過某事to do表示停止在做的事而去做另一件事表示停止在做的事而去做另一件事doing表示停止正在做的事表示停止正在做的事to do表示接著

13、做另一件事表示接著做另一件事doing表示繼續做同一件事表示繼續做同一件事to do表示打算做某事表示打算做某事doing表示意味著什么表示意味著什么to do表示設法去做某事表示設法去做某事doing表示嘗試做某事表示嘗試做某事(to) do表示不能幫忙做某事表示不能幫忙做某事doing表示忍不住做某事表示忍不住做某事(1) I decided to ask for my money back. (2) He feels it his duty to help the poor. (3) I suggest spending our summer vacation in a seaside

14、town. (4) Have you forgotten meeting her in Beijing Airport? (5) This means wasting a lot of money. (6) They couldnt help jumping up at the news. (1) He apologized for having broken his promise. (2) I remember having seen her somewhere. 【Ex】:請找出下面句子中的賓語成份：請找出下面句子中的賓語成份：再看下面兩個句子：再看下面兩個句子：動名詞的一般式和完成式都

15、可表示發生在謂語動作之前的動作，有動名詞的一般式和完成式都可表示發生在謂語動作之前的動作，有時兩者可互換時兩者可互換(用一般式往往顯得更簡潔用一般式往往顯得更簡潔),如上面例句如上面例句(2)可改為可改為 :I remember seeing her somewhere.動詞動詞need/ want/ require + doing = need/ want/ require + to do 表示表示“主語需要被做主語需要被做”， 如：如：(1) The bike needs to be repaired. = The bike needs repairing.(2) The flowers

16、need watering. = The flowers need to be watered.be worth doing “值得被做值得被做” ，后不能用，后不能用to do! 如：如：His suggestion is worth considering. 上面句子中的considering不能換成to be considered或being considered! 如：(1) The library needs_, but itll have to wait until Sunday.A. cleaning B. be cleaned C. clean D. being cleaned

17、(2) The novel is well worth_ . A、reading B、to be read C、being read D、read1. Remember _ the newspaper when you have finished it. A. putting back B. having put back C. to put back D. will put back2. Im sorry I forgot _ your dictionary. Lets borrow one from Li Ming. A. to take B. taking C. to bring D.

18、bringing3. Henry always forgets things he has done. Yesterday he forgot _ and looked for it everywhere. A. to post the letter B. to have the letter posted C. to have posted the letter D. having posted the letter4. My brother regretted _ a lecture given by Professor Liu. A. missing B. to miss C. miss

19、ed D. being missed5. I regret _ you that we are unable to offer you a job. A. informing B. having informed C. to inform D. to informing6. I felt tired with walking, so I stopped _ a break for an hour. A. havingB. to haveC. taking D. to taking 鞏固練習鞏固練習7. The teacher told the students to stop _ to him

20、. A. to write and listen B. writing and listening C. to write and listeningD. writing and to listen8. -“What can we do to help Li Hai.” -“All we can do is to try _ that he ought to study more.” A. making him to realizeB. making him realize C. to make him realize D. to make him to realize9. You didnt

21、 hear us come in last night. Thats good. We tried _ noisy. A. to be not B. not to be C. not being D. being not10. He finished his homework, then he went on _ a letter. A. write B. writing C. with D. to write-非謂語形式非謂語形式(2) 讓我們繼續學習非謂語形式讓我們繼續學習非謂語形式 3 作表語作表語 作表語可用不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞作表語可用不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞

22、區別：區別：1.不定式和動名詞作表語用來解釋主語的內容；不定式和動名詞作表語用來解釋主語的內容； 2.分詞作表語用來表示主語的性質！如：分詞作表語用來表示主語的性質！如：(1). His dream is to become a sports star.(2). The football match is exciting.(3). The audience are bored with the boring speech.(4). His hobby is collecting stamps 分詞作表語時，與句子的主語一般構成邏輯上的主謂關系！分詞作表語時，與句子的主語一般構成邏輯上的主謂關

23、系！【Ex】:用括號內的詞的正確形式填空用括號內的詞的正確形式填空(1) Traveling is _ (interest) but _ (tire)(2) The argument is very _ (convince)(3) My English teacher was _ (satisfy) with my homework.(4) The father was _ with the _ son. (disappoint) 4 作定語作定語 作定語可用不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞作定語可用不定式、動名詞、現在分詞和過去分詞區別：區別：1. 動名詞只作前置定語，用來表示被修飾的名詞

24、的內容或用途；動名詞只作前置定語，用來表示被修飾的名詞的內容或用途； 2.不定式作后置定語，表示將要發生的動作；不定式作后置定語，表示將要發生的動作； 3.現在分詞作定語時，表示正在發生的動作；現在分詞作定語時，表示正在發生的動作； 4.過去分詞作定語時，表示已經發生的動作。過去分詞作定語時，表示已經發生的動作。 如：如： (1). The waiting room at the station was very crowded at that time.(2). The housing problem is serious in most cities.(3). The boy playin

25、g under that tree is my younger brother.(4).Most of the artists invited to the party are from South Africa.(5). We need someone to go and get a doctor. 【Ex】:用括號內的詞的正確形式填空用括號內的詞的正確形式填空(1) The man _ (work) over there now is my father.(2) The girl _ (call) Lily is my sister.(3) The matter _ (discuss) n

26、ow is of great importance.(4) The meeting _ (hold) tomorrow is about how to deal with the problem. 非謂語的完成式一般不作定語！非謂語的完成式一般不作定語！ 5 作狀語作狀語 作狀語可用不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞作狀語可用不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞.區別：區別：1. 不定式作狀語時，一般用來表示目的；有時可用在一些表示人不定式作狀語時，一般用來表示目的；有時可用在一些表示人 的情緒的形容詞或分詞后表示原因狀語；的情緒的形容詞或分詞后表示原因狀語； 2. 分詞用作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、條件、結

27、果以及分詞用作狀語時，可以表示時間、原因、條件、結果以及 伴隨等含義伴隨等含義.如：如： (1). Arriving in Paris, I lost my way.(2). I am pleased to be invited to give a talk here.(3). To learn English well, we should practice more.(4). Crossing the street, the old woman was hit by a car.(5) The _ (injure) workers are now being taken good care

28、 of in the hospital. (1). Having done the work very well ,he was praised by the teacher. (2). Following the old man, he stepped into the room. 注意下面兩組句子的區別：注意下面兩組句子的區別：(1) Seeing from the top of the hill, we find the city very beautiful.(2) Seen from the top of the hill, the city looks very beautiful

29、.分詞作狀語時，與句子的主語一般構成邏輯上的主謂關系！分詞作狀語時，與句子的主語一般構成邏輯上的主謂關系！【Ex】:用括號內的詞的正確形式填空用括號內的詞的正確形式填空(1) _ (follow) by some officials, Napoleon inspected his army. (2) _ (look) out of the window, he found the murderer.(3) _ (write) in a haste, the composition is full of mistakes.(4) _ (graduate) from college, he wen

30、t to a village and worked as a teacher there.(1). I would like you to help me with the bags.(2). I noticed him enter the teachers office.(3). We find our country developing very fast.(4). He had his house painted last week. 6 作補語作補語: 作補語可以用不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞作補語可以用不定式、現在分詞和過去分詞區別：區別：1. 不定式作補語時，一般表示將要發生的動作

31、；不定式作補語時，一般表示將要發生的動作； 但作使役動詞但作使役動詞 和感觀動詞的補語時，可以表示將要發生的動作，也可以表示和感觀動詞的補語時，可以表示將要發生的動作，也可以表示 已經發生的動作；已經發生的動作； 2. 現在分詞作補語一般表示正在發生，現在分詞作補語一般表示正在發生， 3. 過去分詞一般表示已經完成，而且和賓語是被動關系；過去分詞一般表示已經完成，而且和賓語是被動關系； 有時分詞也可以表示賓語的性質或狀態。如：有時分詞也可以表示賓語的性質或狀態。如： 分詞作補語時，與賓語構成邏輯上的主謂關系！分詞作補語時，與賓語構成邏輯上的主謂關系！(1) I heard someone _

32、at the door? (knock)(2) heard the song _ everywhere. (sing)【Ex】:用括號內的詞的正確形式填空用括號內的詞的正確形式填空 1. I searched all the drawers to find my lost necklace. 2. - What makes your manager so angry? - Losing the papers. 3. My work is cleaning the room every day. 4. She pretended to be sleeping when his mother en

33、tered theroom. 5. The man shaking hands with Mr. Li visited our class yesterday. 6. The old man wanted to leave here because he couldnt stand sleeping in the noisy room. 7. When I came, she was lying on the bed, listening to the music. 8. Devoted to his work, the expert cares little about any other

34、things. 9. The film is well worth seeing.10. Having finished his speech, he answered our questions. 鞏固練習鞏固練習【EX.1】:說出下列句子中的非謂語形式的說出下列句子中的非謂語形式的名稱名稱,以及在句中所作的以及在句中所作的成份成份：(1) In the past, people used _ that the moon was too far away _. But now it is possible for man _ there by spaceship. A. to think,

35、not to reach, to get B. to think, to reach, to get C. to thinking, to reach, will get D. thought, to reach, to get to(2) Her son promised _ in the bedroom until the baby stopped _. A. staying, to cry B. to stay, crying C. for staying, to cry D. to stay, to cry(3) I wondered whether the film was _ wo

36、rth _. A. very, to see B. well, seeing C. very, begin seen D. well, to be seen4) The man managed to make himself _ with his _ French. A. understood, breakingB. understand, broken C. understand, breakingD. understood, broken(5) I forbid _ here. Who has permitted you _ here? A. smoking, to smokeB. smo

37、ke, smoking C. smoking, smokingD. to smoke, smoking【EX.2】：選擇正確的選項填空：】：選擇正確的選項填空：(6) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter _ after drinking. A. never to drive B. to never drive C. never driving D. never drive(7) A person _ a foreign language must be able to use the foreign language _ all his own. A. learnin

38、g, forgetting B. who learns, to forget C. to learn, to forget D. using, but(8) _ from the moon, our earth, with water _ seventy percent of its surface, appear as a “blue ball”. A. Seen, covered B. Seeing, covering C. Seen, covering D. To see, to cover(9) As she is looking forward to _ from me, pleas

39、e remember _ this letter on your way to school. A. hear, post B. hearing, to post C. be heard, posting D. be hearing, to posting-非謂語形式非謂語形式(3) 一一 非謂語形式的復合結構：非謂語形式的復合結構： 含義：含義： 表示三種非謂語的邏輯主語，如：表示三種非謂語的邏輯主語，如：(1) Its very important to study science.(2) Would you mind smoking here? 上面句(1)中的不定式to study s

40、cience,說話人沒有說明是誰學習科學，如果要說清楚是誰學習科學，我們只要在不定式前面加上for sb. to study science就可以了，句子可以變為：(1) Its very important for us/ you/ themto study science. 這里的for us/ you/ themto study science就叫做動詞不定式的復合結構動詞不定式的復合結構！ 同樣，句中(2)的動名詞smoking，說話人也沒有說明介不介意誰抽煙，如果要說明介不介意誰抽煙，我們就在前面加上sb.或sbs smoking,句子變為：(2) Would you mind me

41、/ my/ him/ his/ Jim/ Jimssmoking here? 這里的me/ my/ him/ his/ Jim/ Jimssmoking 就叫作動名詞的復合結構！動名詞的復合結構！ 1.不定式的復合結構：不定式的復合結構：(1) It is incredible for Peter to swim across the Atlantic Ocean in three days(for Peter to swim 在句子中充當主語)(2) This can make it possible for agriculture and industry to develop rapid

42、ly. (for agriculture and industry to develop 在句子中充當賓語)(3) There are too many things for every one of us to learn in life. (for every one of us to learn 在句子中充當定語)(4) The best choice is for us to keep it as a secret from her. (for us to keep 在句子中充當表語)不定式的復合結構除了for sb./ sth. to do 之外還有一種形式: of sb. to d

43、o用法: 當前面有表示人的品質的形容詞時,就用of sb. to do的復合結構的復合結構!(1) Its very kind of you to help me. (2) Its clever of you to work out the maths problem.(3) Its very nice of you to offer me a seat. (4) It is careless of him to lose so many things.(5) It is wise of them to turn down the suggestion. 從上面5個例句可以看出，這些句子都有兩

44、個共同點：a.不定式前面都有一個表示人的性質或特征的形容詞；b. 這些形容詞與不定式的邏輯主語都存在邏輯上的系表關系，如句(1)中的you are kind; 句 (2)中的you are clever; 句(3)中的you are nice; 句(4)中的he is careless; 句(5)中的they are wise等等. 而在Its difficult for you to deal with the problem.這個句子中就不能說you are difficult！(1) It was impolite _ without _ good-bye. A. of him to l

45、eave; saying B. of him leaving; to say C. for him to leave; to say D. for him leaving; saying (2) Im surprised to find it easy _ on it in a short time. A. them working B. for them working C. of them to work D. for them to work【Ex】選擇正確的選項填空】選擇正確的選項填空 2. 動名詞復合結構動名詞復合結構形式：名語/ 名詞所有格或形容詞物主代詞/ 代詞賓格+doing作

46、主語時只能用名詞所有格或形容詞物主代詞！作主語時只能用名詞所有格或形容詞物主代詞！(1) Li Mings joining in our physics group is agreed by all of us.(Li Mings joining在句子中作主語，不能用Li Ming joining)(2) I cant understand you/ your leaving without saying good-bye to me. (you/ your leaving在句子中作賓語)(3) I was surprised at Robert/ Roberts having complet

47、ed the task so soon. (Robert/ Roberts having completed在句子中作賓語)(4) The surprise is her coming here. (her coming在句子中作賓語)1. I would appreciate _ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre calling 【Ex】選擇正確的選項填空】選擇正確的選項填空(2) I dont mind _ the decision as long as it is not to

48、o late. A. you to delay making B. your delaying making C. you delaying to make D. you delay to make (3) She apologized to me for _to inform me of the change in the plan. A. her not being able B. her being not able C. not being able D. that shes not able to (4) _ made her parents worried a lot. A. He

49、r not to come back B. Not her to come back C. Not her coming back D. Her not coming back(5) _ the prize was the pride of our class. A. Mary to win B. Mary winning C. Marys winning D. Mary won 3.分詞的復合結構分詞的復合結構 分詞的復合結構又稱作分詞的獨立主格結構分詞的獨立主格結構.形式：名詞或代詞主格形式：名詞或代詞主格+現在分詞或過去分詞現在分詞或過去分詞用法：當分詞作狀語時，它有自己獨立的邏輯主語，

50、而不再用句用法：當分詞作狀語時，它有自己獨立的邏輯主語，而不再用句 子的主語當作自己的邏輯主語！如：子的主語當作自己的邏輯主語！如：(1) Hearing the news，they all jumped with joy(2) Encouraged by the speech, the young people made up their minds to take up the struggle. 句(1)中作原因狀語的hearing (“聽見”)的邏輯上的主語就是句子的主語they; 同樣句(2)中Encouraged的邏輯上的主語也是句子的主語the young people.句(1)

51、兩者之間的關系為主動關系，所以用現在分詞的主動式，句(2)兩者之間的關系為被動關系，所以用過去分詞(1) Having arrived, the meeting was declared open.(2) Painted white, we like the house better.分析下面兩個句子，你覺得它們對嗎？分析下面兩個句子，你覺得它們對嗎？(1) All the guests having arrived, the meeting was declared open.(2) The house painted white, we like it better. 上面兩個句子在英語中

52、是不對的！因為作狀語的分詞與句子的主語不上面兩個句子在英語中是不對的！因為作狀語的分詞與句子的主語不能構成邏輯上的主謂關系，要使它們正確，我們可以在分詞前面加出其能構成邏輯上的主謂關系，要使它們正確，我們可以在分詞前面加出其邏輯主語：邏輯主語：這就是英語中分詞的獨立主格結構分詞的獨立主格結構！再如：(1) The day being fine, we decided to go swimming. (獨立主格結構The day being fine在句中作原因狀語)(2) The job done, we went home.(獨立主格結構The job done在句中作時間狀語)(3) We

53、ather permitting， well go to the West Lake.(獨立主格結構Weather permitting在句中作條件狀語)(4) The baby fell from the cradle, blood coming down from his face (獨立主格結構blood coming down在句中作伴隨狀語)1. 名詞名詞 / 代詞代詞 + 不定式。如：不定式。如： A house to be built, we must save every cent. 由于要建一座房子，我們必須節省每一分錢。 Now here is Li Lei, Wei Fa

54、ng to come tomorrow. 現在李蕾來了，魏方明天到。2. 名詞名詞 / 代詞代詞 + 形容詞。如：形容詞。如： The ground muddy, we should be careful. 地面濘泥，我們應該小心。3. 名詞名詞 / 代詞代詞 + 副詞。如：副詞。如： The class over, we all went out to play. 下課后，我們都出去玩。4. 名詞名詞 / 代詞代詞 + 介詞短語。如：介詞短語。如： Glasses in his hand, he asked where his glasses were. 手里拿著眼鏡，他問他的眼鏡哪去了。獨

55、立結構的一些其它形式：獨立結構的一些其它形式：還有一種就是我們經常見到的還有一種就是我們經常見到的with的復合結構！的復合結構！ 形式：形式：with + 名詞或代詞名詞或代詞 + 形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、非謂語動詞( 否定含義可以用否定含義可以用without )(1) _, we had to stay at home all day. A The day being very cold B While a very cold day C It was a very cold day D Being a very cold day(2) The chil

56、dren went home from the grammar school, their lessons _ for the day. A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished 如：He spoke to us with his mouth full of food. 她口里含著食物跟我們說話。 He left the office with the lights on. 他離開了辦公室，讓燈亮著。 The engineer came with a notebook in his hand. 那個工程師手里拿著筆記本過來了。 Dont brush your teeth with water running. 不要在刷牙時讓水流著。 With so much work to do, the manager felt very worried. 這么多工作要做，經理覺得很焦急。 With the road blocked, they had to turn back and ran round it in another way. 由于道路被堵，他們不得不轉身從另一條路繞過去。 【Ex】選擇正確的選項填空】選擇正確的選項填空(