1、Altium Designer規則設計技巧過孔和焊盤一、過孔和焊盤的覆銅連接過孔和焊盤有三種連接狀態：圖一 no connect （不連接）；圖二relief connect （十字形連接）；圖三direct connect （直接連接）；ConnectRelief ConnectConnect StyleConductorsO? ®490 AnglevConnect StyleDirect Connect圖三圖一覆銅時默認連接為十字形連接，如何改為直接連接呢？在PCB環境下，Design>Rules>Plane> Polygon Connect style ,點中

2、 Polygon Connect style，右鍵點擊 new rule新建一個規則點擊新建的規則既選中該規則，在name框中改變里面的內容即可修改該規則的名稱，默認是PolygonConnect_1 ，現我們修改為Via（改為任何名字都可以），選 Direct高于2）如下圖priorities把Via規則優先級置最高，前面的優先級高于后面的（1選項 Where The Frist Object Matches 選 Advaneed （Query）， Full Query 輸入 IsVia（大小寫隨意），Connect StyleConnect ，其他默認設置，點擊下邊的上 Fanout_De

3、tault-二 Differential Pairs RoutingDilfPairsRoutingSMTT CornerSMD T PlaneSMD Neck-Down- Maik- Solder Mask Expansion S olderM kF xpansion- w Pate Mask Expansion* PasteM$kExpansionFl 審 Plane- :Power Plane Conned Syle _I HarieCorTnect- Power Plane ClearancePlaneClearance- | Polygon Conrecl StyleWhere Th

4、e First Object MatchesOaiiONetONet ClassOLayerC)Net and Layer.Advanced (Query)Quety HelperFull Queryisvia|Query BuiEder 小Where The Second Object Matches ©AllOet<)Net ClassO LayerO Net and La/er'.'Advanced (Query)Full QueryAllConstraintsQuery Builder .PolygoriConnect-'> T esoin

5、t-"Fabrication T estpoint StyleT etpointConnect StyleD irect ConnectPriority E nailed NameScopeAttributesViaStyle' Direct Connect# PoliigonComect All All* Relief Connect Width = 10mil Angle = 90 tt Ehtri>這樣過孔和覆銅（過孔為GND，覆銅為GND）的連接就會變為直連了，而不是默認的十字形連接。如下圖左為十字形連接, 連。右為直必 Famut_SOICFanout Sma

6、llNameViaCommentUnique IDFDOXLDUP從上面可以看出過孔VIA的連接已經改變，可是焊盤確沒有變化。如果想過孔和焊盤都用直連方式，那在Full Query修改為IsVia or Is pad，更新下剛才的覆銅，地焊盤也全連接了如下圖這樣雖然焊盤和覆銅全連接上了，可是所有表面貼元件的地也跟覆銅全連接上，而我們要的只是某個直插元件焊盤的地和覆銅直 連。JP3')方法是，假如只要讓JP3元件焊盤和地直連，其他貼片元件為十字形連接。則修改Full Query為IsVia or InComponent('(可以是多個元件 Isvia or In Comp one

7、n t('U1')OR In Compo nen t('U2')OR In Compo nen t('U3')Full QueryISVIA OR InComponent(1JP31)重新覆銅則效果如下二、過孔和焊盤間隔的設置。在PCB里面我們可以設置 VIA和VIA，VIA和PAD，PAD和PAD之間的間隔。在規則設置里面的 Where The First Object Matches ， Where The Seco nd Object Matches 的 FullQuery ，1、一個是ispad另一個是isvia，就是過孔到焊盤的間距；2

8、、一個是ispad另一個是ispad，就是焊盤到焊盤的間距；3、一個是isvia另一個是isvia，就是過孔到過孔的間距。然后再minimum Clearanee填入數字即可,i舊* Cfearance君vcc-g Shoit-Circuit 滬 ShortCiicuitl- J Un-RoMted Net 習 UnFloutedNet / Un-Conrtected Pin -幾 Rotitrig-Width聲 Width- A Routing T apologyRoutingT apology-Roiitina Priaritv Jo RoctirgFrioritp- U Routirig

9、 LabelsJo HautinLaera-厶 Routing Cotners 拓 Routiri 貞 orrie 用亠 ><> Routing Via Style *2 Rouhn剪ias過孔到過孔之間的間距為 30mil三、定位和覆銅間隔設置常用一個內徑=外徑的焊盤做定位孔。該孔不連接到任何網絡(不進行電氣連接)，只擰螺絲用我們在PCB上4個腳上放4個定位孔，不連接到任何網絡，規則設置為HasPad( 'free-O' ) or HasPad( 'free-1' )其中0、1為焊盤編號。-(±3 Design RulesaNlam

10、e HOLECommentUnique ID NUOUTIC- Elechical-薩 ClearanceHOLEWhere The First Object MatchesJ* Polygon 挈 Clearance-護 Short-CkcuA 尹 ShofflCvcut-g UnRoul&d NetUnRoutedNetJ Unconnected Pin- Routrig-ZoWtdth 左 Width白吉 Routing Topolo 主 R outiigT opology-0 Routing PrioriR outiigPrioii- Jo Routing LayersR ou

11、tiigLayers-/i Routing Corner?R outhg 匚 drrief g-Routing Via Syte 氏 RoutiigVias-龍 Fanout Control Fanodt_BGA jFanodt_LCC jFano(/_S0IC FanMjt_5mal 乂 Fanci(i_DefauH-亦 Dfferential Pairs Fl outingDiffParsRommqO AllQ NetC hlet ClasfC' LayerO Net and Layer” Advanced (Query)Qusry Helper Query Builder Whe

12、re The Second Object Matches(/AllC? NetQ hlet ClassLayerQ Net and Layer'Advanced (Query)usr/ HdperQuery Btiilder FJ QueryHasPad(1 ft已皀亠D*) orHasPad(1free-11)Fdl QueryAllDifferent NetsMinimum Clearance 3mm四、覆銅間距規則1、 覆銅間距設置一般 PCB默認覆銅間距為0.254MM (10mil)，如果覆銅間距要求為 0.508MM (20mil),規則設置如下在PCB設計環境下 Desi

13、gn>Rules>Electrical>Clearanee ，右鍵新建一個間距規則并重命名為 Poly, Where The First Object Matches 選 Adcanced ( Query)， Full Query 輸入 in polygon，Con strai nts 把默認的 10mil 修改為 20mil，優先級 Poly 比默認的的 Cleara nee 的 10mil 高，這2個間距規則共同構成覆銅間距為 20mil，其他間距例如走線到走線，走線到焊盤過孔間距為10mil的規則，如下圖：-jdDesign Rules-計 ElecliicalClea

14、ranci亍 Dear a-尹 ShortCirc o* ShorK-尹 Un-RodteP UnRoJ* Un-CorrN 十 RoutingRule. ,Delete Rule.E&port.Export Bules.,Import Rules.Where Ths First Object MatchesOaiiONet. Net ClassQ'Layer</ Net and Layer® Advanced (Query)CommentQuery HeJper Query Builder .Full Queryinpolygondit Rule Priori

15、tiesWhere The Second Object Matches£ AllONetC Net匚la殆C?Lyer*Query Helper . *C_J' Net and LayerO Advanced (Query) Qujuild申二ConstraintsFull QueryAllD ifferent Net OnlyMinimum Clearance 2OnilPriorityEnabledNameScopeAttributes1口inpolygon - AllUearance=20mil27C leranceAll ” Allearari 匚亡= 10milRu

16、le Type: Clearance1hlelR12 1布線間距為0.254MM(10mil)，覆銅間距為0.508MM(mil)。2、如果一根電源線覆銅間距要求很寬，比如要求為1.5MM其他覆銅為0.508，規則設置如下Desig n>Rules>Electrical>Cleara nee ，右鍵新建一個間距規則并重命名為VCC，where the first object matches 和 where the seco nd objectmatches規則相關設置如下圖-© Electrical-| F ClearanceName VCCCommentUniq

17、ue ID QKUREFOIVCC亍 Clearance-亍 ShoifrQvuit護 ShortGrcuit-g Un-Rodted Net 亍 UnRoutedNel Un-Conrected Pin-丄 Flouting-二 Width« Width- J©. R oiling T op ology幾 FloutingT pology- Routing Priority jRoutingPrioritv- RoutingLayers二 RoutingLiyers- Routing CornersJ、RoutinCorners-I 占 Routing Vi曰 Style

18、 Routing訥話-Fanout Control二 Fariout_BGA二 F3nout_LCC 用 Fanout_SOICWhere The First Object Matches(/All MetC'Net ClassOLayer： Net and Layer(:,Advanced (Query+3.3V1elQuery Builder “,Where The Second Object MatchesOaIICn試ONet ClassOLayerMet and Layer”； Advanced (QueryConstraintsQuery Helper .Query Bui

19、lder 亠Derert Nets OrlyFull QueryInNet ( 1 +3*37')Full QueryInpolygonMinimum Clearance 1.5mni優先點擊priority按鈕設置Ptiofihes. .F-，前面的優先權高于后面的。Non-M embersMembersAVMembersA添加到右邊的空白區域。設置好后關閉-B*10biect Classes-lislNet Classes& <AII Nets>New Clas：-123 Conponent Classes o U_SYS PWMP G UZSYSTEM Q &

20、lt;AII Componerits> Q <Botbom Side Componei Q <ln$idE Board Compone Q <0ut$ide E©and Compor Q <Top Side Comporieht$： -|s Layer Oasses5 <A1I Layers>Q <Cofnponert Lefs> 9 <Electrical Lers> 9 <Signal Layer$>-Pad Classes6 <AII Pads>-lJFrann To Classes 時&

21、quot;<All From Tos> -曰 D inferential Pan Classes * <AII Diffewntial Pairs' 曰 D esign Channel 於海 -國 Polygon 口S <AII Polygons 舸 Structure Classes10V五、Classes然后就可以在rule里面設置網絡類的走線寬度，走線間距，覆銅間距Design>Classes創建一個規則類，類的方式有多種，網絡類，元件類，層類等，然后可以將classes添加到規則設置里1、如下圖，右鍵點擊NET Classes添加一個class，右

22、鍵點擊新添加的NewClass選擇rename class給它取個名字，將左邊的net-空J uoiect Liasses- Met Classes GROWER gs <A1I-1 Component Chsses U.SYSPWMP Q U_SYSTEMQ <AII Conponert£> Q <Bottom Side Compcnei Q <ln$Kle Eoard Compone <Onside Board Conpor <Top Side Component：- 曰 Layer ClinesE <AII L刖e用 S <

23、CQmponent Lavers> Q <Electrical Layer> 0 <Sigrd L 訓-Pad Classes <AII Pads?- 二J From T o Classeso * <AII Froni'T os>Nori'Members，這樣一個新的class就添加完畢。+3 3V+5V SV-SENSE-A 5V-SENSE-DP 5V SENSE EC SVSENSE'P10V+24V-C +24V-ESW24V-0 24V-14051 SADCOADC1ADC2ADC3 AGNDAIN1A1N1-SAIN

24、2AIN2-S AINP1AIN-P2 ARMARM-SWW-SENSE-A W-SENSE DP W SENSE EC 5V-SENSE-P+24V-6 +24V-6SW 24V-0 24V-14051 CSQBADC1ADC2ADC3 AGNDA1N1A1N1-SAIN22、Class布線間距的設置，右鍵點擊 clearanee添加新規則，更名為CLASS where the first object matches里選擇net class ,點擊下拉按鈕，選擇類POWER,設置完畢后Full Query里變化如下圖。布線間距設置為 0.508mm(20mil)，詳細設置如下-護 Elec

25、tiicml -g CleaanceCLASS曠 Clearance I- y Short-Circuit 亍 ShortCitcuit -* Un-Routed Net、UnRcxjtedNet ,Un-Connected Pin -Routing Width 心 WidthComment Unique ID KOBALRVGWhere The First Object MatchesOahONet：'-'： Net ClassO LayerOet and Layer<_?' Advanced (Query)Query BuilderFull QueryInNe

26、tClass('POWER1)-Flouting Topologyvhere The Secorxl Object Matches衛 RoutirgT apology -Rowing PrioriijJ片 RoutincPrioritv -Routing LayersFtoutingLaeis-Routing Corners皮 RoutingCorners©AllONetC.jNet Class:' j LayerO Net and LayerAdvanced (Query)Query Helper Query Builder Full QueryAll- R ：.i

27、.i'iriq'''i.5 S'le- 止 Routin/ias-二 Fanout ConftrolConstTaintsFanout_EGA 止 FanouLLC 匚 jFanout_SOI 匚Fanout_S mailFanouLOefull-DifFerential Pairs RoutingA l-K. Vffl-h - Lb -Diflerent Nets OnlyM inimum Clearance 0.508m3、對class布線導線寬度的設置如下圖，導線寬度根據自己實際情況而定。I- £dDe$iyiFiuls8人- Elect

28、rical- ClearanceQ CLASS 計 Clearance-g Short-CircuitJ ShortCircuil-* Un-Routed Ne 護 UnRoutedNelg Un-ConnBCted PWi-Routing-WidthCLASS1Width- Routing Tapology 用 RoutiiigT opokw-»Routing Priioribi jh&i RoutingPriorilii1-"專 Routing Layers /SFloutinqLayers二 Routing Corners RoutingCoririei?-左

29、 R outing Via S二 RoutingVias- Fanout Control /SFanoul:_BGA 咼 Fanout_LCC Fanout.SOICrUma： CLASSHWhere The First Object MatchesQaii匚:NfttPOWER>'Net GassO Layer:二 Net and LayerC Advancad (Query)Query HelperConstraintsComment| Unique ID UMACNFIWFull QueryInNetC丄於呂( "POUJER、)iQuery Builder Mn

30、 Width N/A1 JMax Width NZAr_UPreJerred Wa d Eh N/At(+) Check Tracks/Arcs Min/Max Width IndividCheckWidth for Phjsicalp Connt2 (tracks, arcs, fills, pads & viasjlAttributes on LayerLaef Stack ReferenceAbsolute LayerMir, Width Preferred Si. Max WidthNameIm.Namela.20mil20md4Qmil TopLat3220mil20mil40mil Bottom Lyer331TopLerBottomLei 32I| CharacleihHc Impedance D riven Xi/kWn 0 Layers in lajpertack only4、對 class 覆銅間距的設置，Where the first o