1、Module 3 Grammar Inversion and Emphatic Sentence 主語主語。謂語謂語。= 自然語序自然語序 I can speak English now. 謂語謂語。主語主語。= 倒裝語序倒裝語序 He opened the box and out flew a bird. 一、一、 倒裝句之全部倒裝倒裝句之全部倒裝. 全部倒裝是將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主全部倒裝是將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。常見的結構有：語之前。常見的結構有： 1. 副詞開頭放句首副詞開頭放句首 2. 地點介詞短語放句首地點介詞短語放句首 3. 表語前置置句首表語前置置句首 4.

2、直接引語放句首直接引語放句首 1) here, there, now, then, next, thus, away, off, down, up, in, out, 等副詞置于句首等副詞置于句首, 謂語謂語動詞常用動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。 The boy came in. = In _. (the boy做主語做主語) = In _. (he做主語做主語) The girl went away. = Away _. = Away _. came the boyhe camewent the girlshe went2) 地點介詞短語做狀語位于句首時地點介詞短語做

3、狀語位于句首時 A small boy sat in front of the house. = In front of the house _. A brown cat sleeps under the table. = Under _.sat a small boy the table sleeps a brown cat3) 表語置于句首時，保持句子平衡，以示強調表語置于句首時，保持句子平衡，以示強調表語，或上下文銜接。常見結構：表語，或上下文銜接。常見結構：Adj. + Done + Doing + Prep. +Pron. +Link verb + 主語主語出席會議的有懷特教授。（出

4、席會議的有懷特教授。（Present）Present at the meeting was Professor White. 拴在樹上的是一只狗。（拴在樹上的是一只狗。（Tied）Tied to the tree was a dog.在墻上掛著的是一幅絕美的油畫。在墻上掛著的是一幅絕美的油畫。(Hanging)Hanging on the wall is a splendid painting. 診所外面有診所外面有20個病人。個病人。(Outside the clinic)Outside the clinic were 20 patients.這些就是她說得話。這些就是她說得話。(Such)

5、Such were her words. 二、倒裝句之部分倒裝二、倒裝句之部分倒裝 部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞部分倒裝是指將謂語的一部分如助動詞 或情態倒裝至主語之前。或情態倒裝至主語之前。1)表否定的詞或詞組，如表否定的詞或詞組，如no, not, never, seldom, little, at no time, in no way, not until , hardlywhen, no sooner than , not onlybut also, neither nor等。等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will

6、you find the answer to this question. 我一出去天就開始下雨了。我一出去天就開始下雨了。 No sooner _ than _.had I gone outit began to rain.媽媽直到九點才離開。媽媽直到九點才離開。The mother didnt leave until 9 oclock.Not until 9 oclock did the mother leave.It was not until 9 oclock that the mother left.媽媽直到孩子睡著了以后才走。媽媽直到孩子睡著了以后才走。The mother did

7、nt leave until the child slept.Not until _.It was _ that _not until the child fell asleepthe mother left the room. the child fell asleep did the mother leave the room.Not only but also連接并列分句時，前倒后不倒。連接并列分句時，前倒后不倒。Not only does he like English but I also like English.（like）但連接并列主語時，不倒裝。但連接并列主語時，不倒裝。No

8、t only he but also I like English. Neither nor連接并列分句時，前后都倒裝。連接并列分句時，前后都倒裝。Neither does he like English, nor do I (like English).連接并列主語時，不倒裝。連接并列主語時，不倒裝。Neither he nor I like English. 2) Only + “adv./ prep./ 狀從狀從” 位于句首位于句首Only then did I know the importance of learning. 只有通過這種方式我們才能學好英語。只有通過這種方式我們才能學

9、好英語。Only in this way can we learn English well.他只能完成作業才看電視。他只能完成作業才看電視。Only after he finished the work did he watch TV.注意：注意：“only + 主語主語”位于句首不到裝。位于句首不到裝。Only socialism can save China.3) So/ Such that 結構中位于句首。結構中位于句首。He is so busy that he has no time for computer games. So busy is he thatHe is such

10、a busy man that he cant help us now.Such a busy man is he that 4) 由由as/ though 引導的讓步狀語從句引導的讓步狀語從句.其結構如下：其結構如下： Adv. + Adj. + n(單數單數). + + as/ though v(原型原型). + done. +盡管我努力工作，盡管我努力工作，我的老板一直對我不滿意。我的老板一直對我不滿意。(Hard)Hard as I worked, my boss wasnt satisfied with me all the time. 盡管她很漂亮，但她很笨。盡管她很漂亮，但她很笨

11、。(Pretty)Pretty as she is, she isnt clever at all.雖然他還是個孩子，但不得不自力更生。雖然他還是個孩子，但不得不自力更生。(Child)Child as he is, he has to live on his own.盡管他可能會嘗試，但他不會成功。盡管他可能會嘗試，但他不會成功。(Try)Try as he may, he will never succeed.盡管我們被敵人所包圍，但我們成功逃過阻截，盡管我們被敵人所包圍，但我們成功逃過阻截，繼續前進繼續前進.Surrounded as we were by the enemy, we m

12、anaged to march forward.5) 在含有在含有were/ should/ had的的if 虛擬條件句中，虛擬條件句中，省略省略if，并將，并將were/ should/ had移到主語前。移到主語前。If I were you, I would help him.Were I you, If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, If it should rain, the sports meet would be put off.Should it rain, - She is

13、 a teacher！- So is her mother. (她媽媽也是她媽媽也是)- So she is. (她確實是老師她確實是老師) 6) So或或Neither/ Nor位于句首。位于句首。- He has been to Beijing. - So have I. = Me, too. = I have also been to Beijing. = I have been to Beijing, too/ as well. He hasnt been to Beijing.= Neither/ Nor have I . (我也沒去過我也沒去過)= I havent been to

14、 Beijing, either. (我也沒去過我也沒去過) 7) 在表示祝愿的祈使句中在表示祝愿的祈使句中May you succeed！Long live Chairman Mao.*He isnt tall but he likes playing basketball. So it is (the same) with his brother. 他哥哥也一樣。他哥哥也一樣。 基本句型基本句型 I：It is/ was + 被強調成分被強調成分 + that/ who + 其余成分其余成分1）動詞時態及數應保持一致。）動詞時態及數應保持一致。是我正在給你上課！是我正在給你上課！It is

15、 I who am giving you a lesson.剛才是他在教室外面站著。剛才是他在教室外面站著。It was he who was standing outside the classroom just now.Emphatic Sentence 2）強調間接賓語時，不能丟掉相應的介詞。）強調間接賓語時，不能丟掉相應的介詞。It was my sister who I bought a book for.It was for my sister that I bought a book.3) 強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞時，疑問詞放在句強調特殊疑問句中的疑問詞時，疑問詞放在句首，使用疑

16、問語序。首，使用疑問語序。究竟是誰將參觀我們班？究竟是誰將參觀我們班？Who is it that will visit our class？ 4)與從句區別。判斷以下從句屬于何種語法項目。與從句區別。判斷以下從句屬于何種語法項目。a. It was in the place that Lu Xun was born. 強調句強調句b. It is in the place where Lu Xun was bon. 定從定從c. It was 1949 when World War ended. 時間狀從時間狀從d. It was in 1949 that World War ended.

17、強調句強調句e. It was not until 1949 that W W ended. 強調句強調句5) 若強調謂語動詞，則用若強調謂語動詞，則用 “do, does, did + do”譯為譯為“千萬千萬” “一定一定” “務必務必”，只能用于肯定句和祈，只能用于肯定句和祈使句中使句中.Do be patient!Do follow my advice!He does want to learn English well.He said he would come and he did come. 其他注意事項 強調句可以用來強調除謂語之外的任何成分。強調句可以用來強調除謂語之外的任何成分。 強調句中的強調句中的 It 決不會因為被強調的成分是復數決不會因為被強調的成分是復數而改變。而改變。 強調句中只用