1、Grammar 主語從句：主語從句：做主語用的名詞性從句，因其在復合句中做主語，做主語用的名詞性從句，因其在復合句中做主語，又稱主語從句，引導主語從句的有連詞又稱主語從句，引導主語從句的有連詞that ，whether， 連接代詞連接代詞who ，what ，which， 連連接副詞接副詞when，where， how， why等。等。 Recalling Subject Clause3.What she said is not yet known.4.Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.5.How he did this was still a

2、puzzle.6.When you will come back doesnt matter連接代詞：在從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語。連接代詞：在從句中充當主語、賓語、表語、定語。連接副詞：在從句中充當狀語。連接副詞：在從句中充當狀語。連接代連接代詞詞連接副連接副詞詞如：如：what whatever who whoever which whose.如：如：how why where when whenever wherever. 1.That we shall be late is certain.2.Whether they will sell the house is not yet

3、 decided.3.What she said is not yet known.4.Whoever makes mistakes must correct them.5.How he did this was still a puzzle.6.When you will come back doesnt matterThatWhetherWhatWhoeverHowWhen在從句中在從句中不不充當成分充當成分在從句中充當成分在從句中充當成分主語主語賓語賓語狀語狀語狀語狀語1）從屬連詞從屬連詞：that， whether等等.that 引導主語從句只起引導作用，本身無實引導主語從句只起引導作

4、用，本身無實際意義，在主語從句中不充當任何成分，但際意義，在主語從句中不充當任何成分，但不能省略不能省略。 That he will win is certain.他肯定會贏。他肯定會贏。Whether hell come here isnt clear. 他他是否會來這里還不清楚。是否會來這里還不清楚。 1.That we shall be late is certain.2.Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.ThatWhether 相同點：相同點： that，whether為從屬連詞，為從屬連詞，在從句中不充當任何成分在

5、從句中不充當任何成分, 不可省不可省 不同點：不同點：that:無詞義無詞義 whether:是否是否 注意注意: 由由that 引導的主語從句有時為了使句引導的主語從句有時為了使句子結構平衡子結構平衡, 避免避免 “頭重腳輕頭重腳輕”, 常用常用 it 作作形式形式主語主語, 而把從句放在后面。而把從句放在后面。 例如例如: 1. That he will refuse this piece of advice is impossible._ _2.That they should like each other is natural. _*it為形式主語為形式主語It is natural

6、 that they should like each other.It is impossible that he will refuse this piece of advice.這樣就構成了下面一些常用句型這樣就構成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + n. +從句從句 It is a pity/shame that. 遺憾的是遺憾的是 It is a surprise that令人驚奇的是令人驚奇的是 It is a fact that 是事實是事實 It is common knowledge that 是常識是常識*_(很遺憾很遺憾)we lost the match.*_(

7、這是事實這是事實)he cheated in the exam.It is a pity thatIt is a fact that2) It is + adj. +從句從句 Its certain that 肯定肯定 It is possible that. 很可能很可能 It is unlikely that. 不可能不可能 It is obvious that 很明顯很明顯 It is necessary important natural. that*_(很可能很可能)she will come back tomorrow.*_(很明顯很明顯)this measure is effec

8、tive.+(should) +doIt is possible thatIt is obvious that3) It +不及物動詞不及物動詞+從句從句 It happened that. 碰巧碰巧 It occurred to me that我突然想起我突然想起*_(剛好剛好)I came into the office at that time.*_(我突然想起我突然想起)I forget to sent the letter.It happened thatIt occurred to me that4) It + be +過去分詞過去分詞+從句從句 It is said that.

9、據說據說 It is known to all that. 眾所周知眾所周知 It is reported that. 據報道據報道 It is believed that.據信據信;人們相信人們相信 It is suggested that + (should）do. 建議建議It must be admitted that必須承認必須承認 It cannot be denied that 不可否認不可否認 It must be pointed out that需指出的是需指出的是 *_(據報道據報道)20 people were killed in the accident. *_(建議建

10、議)we should eat more vegetable and do more exercise.It is reported thatIt is suggested that2.連接代詞連接代詞who ，what ，which, whatever, whichever, whoever (Who, whom, which, what可可以和以和ever構成合成詞，和構成合成詞，和what一樣引導從句，一樣引導從句，ever起到起到強調作用。強調作用。此類主語從句不能用形式主語此類主語從句不能用形式主語it引導引導，它們在，它們在句子中擔任成分，句子中擔任成分，不能省略不能省略，語序為陳

11、述語序，語序為陳述語序) What many scientists believe is that the earth is round Who will take part in the meeting has not been decided.Whoever breaks the law will be punished.Which student will win is uncertain.Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 這里說的話都應當保密。這里說的話都應當保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must corre

12、ct them. 凡犯了錯誤的人都必須改正凡犯了錯誤的人都必須改正。3)連接副詞連接副詞when，where， how， why等。等。Why they suddenly disappeared still remains a mystery.When they will leave is not decided.Where she is from is unknown.How we will paint the house has not been decided.注意注意:1）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引）主語從句在句首時，必須由連接詞引導，不能省略這些連接詞；但是如果用導，不能省略這

13、些連接詞；但是如果用it做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，從屬連詞從屬連詞that可以省略。可以省略。誤：誤：They should like each other is natural.正：正：That they should like each other is natural.正：正：It is natural (that) they should like each other.2)如果主語從句放在句首，不能用如果主語從句放在句首，不能用if引引導，但是如果用導，但是如果用it 做形式主語，而把主做形式主語，而把主語從句放在句末時，也可以用語從句放

14、在句末時，也可以用if引導引導.或把或把if 改為改為whether 誤：誤：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful.正：正：It was doubtful if /whether Mary really heard him.正正: Whether Mary really heard him is really doubtful. Complete the sentences using what, whether, where, when， who, why, how or that.1.(_ is needed for success) is

15、 your hard work.3.(_ we will go tomorrow )hasnt been decided yet.2.(_ they will arrive )has been told to the teacher.4.(_ can join in the sport meet) is decided by the teacher.5.(_ it will rain or not) is not clear.WhatWhen/HowWhere/whetherWhoWhether主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。主語從句作主語時，謂語動詞一般用單數形式。Conclusi

16、on:主語從句的規律：找出下列句子中的錯誤，并總結規律例1.When will he come is not known.規律一、主語從句一律用陳述語序， 即主語在前，謂語在后。正：When he will come is not known.主語從句的規律：例2. He will not come to the meeting this evening is true.正：That he will not come to the meeting this evening is true.規律二、連詞that 在從句中無實際意義， 但不能省略。主語從句的規律：例3. If the meetin

17、g will be put off has not been decided yet.正： Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.規律三、whether 可以引導主語從句， 放在句首，但if不能主語從句的規律： 例4. That whether he will help others is a fact.正：That he will help others is a fact.規律四、主語從句中的連詞不能重疊使用。主語從句的規律：例5. When he will come are a puzzle.正：When

18、 he will come is a puzzle.規律五、含主語從句的復合句謂語動詞多用 單數第三人稱形式。主語從句的規律：1. What he needs is that book.2. What he needs are some books.規律六、what 引導主語從句，復合句是主系表結構時，根據表語決定復合句動詞的單復數形式。規律七、主語從句為了避免頭重腳輕現 象，用 it 做形式主語，而 把從 句放在后面。 That the earth turns around the sun is known to all. It is known to all that the earth

19、turns around the sun.找出錯誤，并給出理由：1.Where shall we spend the holiday isnt decided. 2.You have made a mistake is a fact. 3. If the policeman will come is not certain.4. That is certain that we can win. we shallWhetherItThat you have5. It is ordered we should leave at once.6. Where he comes from are a m

20、ystery.7. What whether he likes the job is not clear.8. Who he is and where he is from is important. 9.What he saw is the stars in the sky.thatisxareareExercises :Part One: 主語從句單選題主語從句單選題1. has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.A.Who B.The one C.Anyone D.WhoeverD2.It was he said dis

21、appointed me.A.what ;that B.that; that C.what;what D.that;whatA3. well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A.If B.Whether C.That D.WhereB4. he said at the meeting surprised everybody present.A.What B. That C.The fact D.The matterA5. was to return to school.A.That really interested him B.What

22、really interested himC.Which really interested him D.That interest him reallyB6. makes mistakes must correct them.A.What B.That C.Whoever D.WhateverC7. your men have been on my land without permission.A.It seems that B.There seems to be C.That seems D.It seems forA8.It has always puzzled me the old

23、man tied a red silk ribbon on the young tree.A.that B.why C.where D.whatB1._ he made an important speech at the meeting was true. A. That B. Why C. What D. How 2. _well go camping tomorrow depends on the weather . A If B Whether C That D Where 3. It worried her a bit _ her hair was turning gray.A.wh

24、ether B. that C. what D. when4.What I say and think _ none of your business. A. is B. are C. has D have 1. _ you dont like him is none of my business. 2. _ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present3. _ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet.4. _ well go camping tom

25、orrow depends on the weather.5. _ leaves the room last night turn off the lights. ThatWhatWhetherWhetherWhoever請用恰當的主語從句連詞填空請用恰當的主語從句連詞填空: What ,it ,that , whether, whoeverCorrect or not?*When the meeting will be held havent been known yet. be held hasnt been known yet.Pay attention:主語從句的謂語用主語從句的謂語用

26、單數單數形式形式 10 the cat domade What the cat did made the baby cry.WhatcryMake a sentence301.The question is _ the film is interesting.2._ we shall attend the meeting hasnt been decided yet. 用用whetherif填空填空whetherWhether10talk aboutthe use of cell phone What they are talking about is the use of cell phon

27、e.Make a sentence30* If we will have a meeting hasnt been decided yet.Correct or not?Whether we will. decided yet.Pay attention:放在名詞性從句放在名詞性從句句首句首，表示，表示“是否是否”，只能用，只能用whether, 不能用不能用if10report , get the highest points, match It is reported that Yao Ming got the highest points in the match.Make a sentence30 Correct or not?Pay attention:此主語從句此主語從句缺少成分缺少成分-賓語，賓語，故用作成分的故用作成分的what來引導，而不用來引導，而不用that。What she wants to know is.*That she want