1、英語詞匯學試題In troduct ion and Chapter 1Basic Concepts of Words and Vocabula ry （練習 1）1. Each of the state me nts below is followed by four alter native an swers. Choose the one that would best complete the state me nt.1. Morphology is the branch of grammar which studies the structure or forms of words,

2、primarily through the use of con struct.A. word B. form C. morpheme D. root2. is traditi on ally used for the study of the orig ins and history of the form and meaning of words.A. Sema ntics B. Lin guistics C. Etymology D. Stylistics3. Moder n En glish is derived from the Ian guage of early tribes.A

3、. Greek B. Roma n C. Italia nD. Germa nic4. Sema ntics is the study of meaning of diff ere nt levels: lexis,syn tax, uttera nee, discourse, etc.A. li nguistic B. grammatical C. arbitraryD. sema ntic5.Stylistics is the study of style . It is concerned with the user ' choices of lin guistic eleme

4、nts in a particular for special effectsA. situati on B. con textC. timeD. place6 .Lexicography shares with lexicology the same problems: the form meaning, origins and usages of words, but they have a differe nee.A . spell ing B. sema nticC. pronun ciati on D. pragmatic7 . Terminology consists of ter

5、ms used in particular disciplines and academic areas.A. tech ni cal B. artisticC. differe nt D. academic8. refers to the specialized vocabularies by which members of particular arts, scie nces, trades, and professi ons com muni cate among themselves.A. Sia ng B. Jarg onC. Dialectal words D. Argot9.

6、. belongs to the sub-standard language, a category that seems to sta nd betwee n the sta ndard gen eral words in clud ing in formal ones available to every one and in-group words.A. Jarg on B. ArgotC. Dialectal words D. Sia ng10. Argot gen erally refers to the jarg on of.Its use is confined to the s

7、ub-cultural groups and outsiders can hardly un dersta nd it.A. workersB. criminalsC. any personD.policema n11. are words used only by speakers of the dialect in questio n.A. ArgotB. Sia ngC. Jarg onD. Dialectalwordsuse but12. Archaisms are words or forms that were once inare now restricted only to s

8、pecialized or limited use.A. com mon B. littleC. slightD. great13. Neologisms are n ewly-created words or express! ons, or words that have take n on meanin gs.A. new B. oldC. badD. good14. Content words denote clear no ti ons and thus are known as words. They in elude nouns, verbs, adjectives, adver

9、bs and nu merals.A. fun cti onal B. no ti onalC. emptyD. formal15. Fun cti onal words do not have no ti ons of their own. Therefore, they are also called words. Prepositions, conjunctions, auxiliaries and articles bel ong to this category.A. content B. no ti onal C. emptyD. new11. Complete the follo

10、wi ng stateme nts with proper words or express! ons accord ing to the course book.16. Lexicology is a branch of linguistics, inquiring into the origins and of words.17. English lexicology aims at investigating and studying the structures of English words and word equivalents,their semantics,relatio

11、ns, developme nt, formatio n and .18. English lexicology embraces other academic disciplines, such as morphology, etymology, stylistics, .19. There are gen erally two approaches to the study of words , n amely synchronic and .20. Language study involves the study of speech sounds, grammar andIII. Ma

12、tch the words or express! ons in Column A with those in Column B accord ing to 1) basic wordstock and non basic vocabulary 2) content words and fun ctio nal words 3) n ative words and borrowed words 4)characteristics of the basic word stock.BA. E-mailB. aughtC. porD.uponE. hypoF. at heartG. manH.dip

13、L freshJ. emirA21. . Stability ()22. Collocbility()23. Jargo n()24. Argot ()25. Notio nal words( )26. Neologisms ()27. Alie ns ()28. Sema ntic-loa ns( )29. Archaisms ()30. Empty words ()IV. Study the following words or expressions and identify 1) characteristics of the basic word stock 2) types of n

14、on basic vocabulary.31. dog cheap (32 a cha nge of heart (34.Roger36.pe nicillin38. futurology40. take)33. can-ope ner ()35. bottom line ()37. auld ()39. brethre n ()V. Define the following terms.41. word42, Denizens i43. Alie44. Tran slati on-loa ns 45. Sema ntic-loaVI. An swer the follow ing Quest

15、i ons1. .1 llustrate the relati on ship betwee n sound and meaning, sound and form with examples.47. What are the main characteristics of the basic word-stock? Illustrate your poi nts with examples.48. Give the types of non basic vocabulary with examples.VIL An alyze and comme nt on the follow ing.4

16、9. Classify the following words and point out the types of words according to notion, earth, cloud, run, walk, on, of, upon, be, frequently , the, five, but, a , never.50. Group the following borrowed words into Denizens, Aliens, Translation-loans, Semantic-loans.Dream, pion eer, kowtow, bazaar, lam

17、a, master-piece, port, shirtKey to Exercises:i. A2.C3.D4.A5.B6.D7 A8.B9.D10.Bii. D12.A13.A14.B15.C16.mea nin gs17.morphological, lexicographyl 9.diachr onic20. vocabularyhistorical,usages18.sema ntics,II.21. G 22. F23. E24. H25. C26. A27. J28.I29.B30.D111. 31. the basic word stock; productivity32. t

18、he basic word stock; collocability33. the basic word stock; argot34. non basic word stock; sla ng35. non basic word stock; jarg on36. non basic word stock ;term ino logy37. non basic word stock; dialectal words38. non basic word stock ,n eologisms39. non basic word stock; archaisms40. the basic word

19、 stock; polysemyVVL (see the course book)VII. 49. Content words: earth, clould, run, walk, frequently, never, five Functional words: on, of, upon, be, the, but, a.50. Denizens: port, shirt,Alie ns: bazaar, kowtowTran slati on-loa ns: lama, masterpieceSema ntic-loa ns:dream, pion eerChapter 2 The Dev

20、elopme nt of the En glish Vocabulary and Chapter 3Word Formation 1(練習 2)1. Each of the stateme nts below is followed by four alter native an swers. Choose the one that would best complete the stateme nt.1. It is assumed that the world has approximately 3,000( some put it 5,000)la nguages, which can

21、be grouped into the basis of similarities in their basic word stock and grammar.A.500 B. 4000 C.300D.20002. The prehistoric In do-Europea n pare nt Ian guage is thought to be a highly Ian guage.A. in fleeted B. derived C. developedD. an alyzed3. After the, the Germa nic tribes called An gles ,Sax on

22、s, and Jutes came in great nu mbers.A. GreeksB. In dia nsC. Roma nsD. French4. The in troduct ion of had a great impact on the En glish vocabulary.A. Hin duismB. Christia nityC. BuddhismD. Islamism5. In the 9 th century the land was invaded again by Norwegian and Danish Vikings. With the invaders, m

23、any words came into the En glish Ian guage.A. GreekB. Roman C. CelticD. Scan di navia n6. It is estimated that at least words of Scandin avia n orig in have survived in moder n En glish.A. 500B.800C.1000.D.9007. The Norma ns in vaded En gla nd from France in 1066. The Norma n Conq uest started a con

24、 ti nual flow of words into En glish.A. French B. GreekC. RomanD. Latin8. By the end of the cen tury , En glish gradually came back into the schools, the law courts, andgover nment and rega ined social status.A. 12 thB. 13thC. 14thD.15th9. As a result, Celtic made only a con tributi on to the En gli

25、sh vocabulary.A. smallB. bigC. greatD. smaller10. The Balto-Slavic comprises such modern languages as Prussian, Lithuanian, Polish, Czech, Bulgaria n, Slovenian and.A. Greek B. RomanC. I ndia nD. Russia n11. In the Indo-lranian we have Persian , Bengali, Hindi, Romany, the last three of which are de

26、rived from the dead Ian guage.A. Sa nskrit B. Lat inC. RomanD. Greek12. Greek is the moder n Ian guage derived from.A. Lat inB. Helle nic C. I ndia nD . Germa nic13. The five Roamance languages , namely, Portuguese, Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian all belong to the Italic through an in termediate

27、 Ian guage called .A. San skrit B. Lat in C. CelticD. An glo-Sax on14. The family consists of the four Northern European Languages:Norwegian, Icelandic,Danish and Swedish, which are gen erally known as Scandin avia n Ian guages.A. Germa nic B. I ndo-Europea n C. Alba nianD. Helle nic15. By the end o

28、f the cen tury , virtually all of the people who held political or social power andmany of those in powerful Church positi ons were of Norma n French origi n.A. 10thB.11 thC.12thD. 13 thbook.11. Complete the follow! ng stateme nts with proper words or expressi ons accord ing to the course16. Now peo

29、ple gen erally refer to An glo-Sax on as.17. . If we say that Old En glish was a Ian guage of full endings , Middle En glish was one of.18. It can be concluded that English has evoked from a synthetic language (Old English) to the present Ian guage.19. The survivi ng Ian guages accord in gly fall in

30、to eight prin cipal groups , which can be grouped into an Eastern set: Balto-Slavic , Indo-lranian ,Armenian and Albanian; a Western set :Celtic, Italic, Hellenic,glish”.20. It is necessary to subdivide Moder n En glish into Early (1500-1700)a nd Moder n EnMatch the words or expressi ons in Column A

31、 with those in Column B accord ing to 1) origi n ofthe words 2)history off En glish developme nt 3) Ian guage family.21. Celtic22. religious23. Sea ndin avia n24. French25. Old En glish26. Dutch27. Middle En glish28. Modern En glish29. Germa nic family30. Sa nskrit)A.politics)B.moon)C. Persia)D.Lond

32、on)E. abbot)F. skirt) G.sunu) H. lernenL freightI K1u Norwegia n11. A 12.B13.B 14. A 15.BIV.Study the follow ing words or expressi ons and ide ntify types of morphemes un derl inpd31. earth()32.co ntradict ()33. predictor ()34. radios35. prewar()37. an tecede nt ()38. sun ()V. Define the following t

33、erms.36. happiest()38. northward()40. diction ()45.affixes41. free morphemes 42. bound morphemes 43. root 44. stemVI. An swerthe follow ing questi ons. Your an swers should be clear and short.46. Describe the characteristics of Old En glish .47. Describe the characteristics of Middle En glish.48. De

34、scribe the characteristics of Moder n En glish.VII. An swer the follow ing questi ons withexamples.49. What are the three main sources of new words50. How does the moder n En glish vocabulary developKey to exercises:一'1.C 2.A 3.C 4.B 5.D 6.D 7.A 8.B 9.A 10.DII.16.Old En glish 17. Leveled endings

35、 18. an alytic 19. Germa nic2O.Late(1700-up to theprese nt)III. 21. D22. E 23. F 24. A 25. G 26. I 27. H 28. B 29. J 30. CIV. 31. free morpheme/ free root 32. bound root 33. suffix 34. in fleet ional affix35. prefix 36. In fleet ional affix 37. prefix 38. suffix 39. free morpheme/free root40. bo und

36、 rootV. -VI ( See the course book )VIL 49. The three main sources of new words are :(1) The rapid developme nt of moder n seie nee andtech no logy eg. astrobiology, gree n revoluti on ;(2) Social, econo mic and political eha nges; e.g.Watergate, soy milk;(3) The in flue nee of other cultures and Ian

37、 guage;e.g. felafel, Nehru Jackets.50. Moder n En glish vocabulary develops through three cha nn els: (1) creati on, e.g. con siderati on, carefu In ess;(2) sema ntic cha nge, e.g. Polysemy, homonymy ; (3) borr owing ;e.g. tofu, gon gfuLChapter 3 The Development of the English Vocabulary and Chapter

38、 4 Word Formation II （練習 3）L Each of the stateme nts below is followed by four alter native an swers. Choose the one that would best complete the stateme nt.1. The prefixes in the words of irresistible, non classical and apolitical are called .Areversative prefixes B. n egative prefixes C. pejorativ

39、e prefixesD. locative prefixes2. The prefixes contained in the following words are called: pseudo -friend, malpractice, mistrust.A. reversative prefixedB. n egative prefixes C. pejorative Prdftxaiive prefixes3. The prefixed contained inun wrap, de-compose and disallow areA. reversative prefixedB. n

40、egative prefixes C. pejorative lEX.efocive prefixes4. The prefixes in words extra-stro ng, overweight and archbishop areA . n egative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or sizeC. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes5. The prefixes in words bilingual, uniform and hemisphere are.A. nu mber prefixes B.

41、 prefixes of degree or size C. pejorative prefixes D. locative prefixes6.are contained in words tran s-world, in tra-party and forehead.A. Prefixes of orie ntati on and attitude B. Prefixes of time and orderC. Locative prefixesD. Prefixes of degree or size7. Rugby ,afghan and champagne are words com

42、ing from .A.n ames of books B. n ames of places C. n ames of people D. trade names8. Omega, Xerox and orlon are words from.A. n ames of books B. n ames of places C. n ames of people D. trade names9. Ex-stude nt, foretell and post-elect ion contain.A.n egative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or sizeC.

43、 prefixes of time and order D. locative prefixes10. Mack in tosh, bloomers and cherub are fromA. n ames of books B. n ames of places C. n ames of people D. trade names11. The prefixes in words n ew-Nazi, autobiography and pan-Europea n are.A.n egative prefixes B. prefixes of degree or sizeC. prefixe

44、s of time and order D. miscella neous prefixes12. The prefixes in words anti-government, prostudent and contraflow areA.prefixes of degree or size B. prefixes of orie ntati on and attitudeC. prefixes of time and order D. miscella neous prefixes13. Utopia ,odyssey and Babbit are words from .A.n ames

45、of books B. n ames of places C. n ames of people D. trade names14. The suffixes in words clockwise, homewards are.A. noun suffixes B. verb suffixes C. adverb suffixesD. adjective suffixes15. The suffixes in words height en, symbol ize are .A. noun suffixes B. verb suffixes C. adverb suffixesD. adjec

46、tive suffixes11. Complete the followi ng stateme nts with proper words or express! ons accord ing to the coursebook.16. Affixatio n is gen erally defi ned as the formatio n of words by addi ng word-formi ngor derivati onalaffixes to stem. This process is also known as.17. Compo unding , also called,

47、 is the formatio n of new words by joi ning two or more stems .IV.V.Words formed in this way are called.18. is the formatio n of new words by converting words of one class to ano ther class.19. is the formatio n of new words by combi ning parts of two wordsor a word plus a part ofano ther word . Wor

48、ds formed in this way are called ble nds or words.20. A com mon way of making a word is to shorte n a Ion ger word by cutt ing a part off the origi nal and using what rema ins in stead. This is called .III. Match the words or expressi ons in Column A with those in Column B accord ing to types of suf

49、fixati on.21. Con crete denominal noun suffixes22. Abstract denominal noun suffixes23. Deverbal noun suffixes(de no ti ng people.)24. Deverbal nouns suffixes( deno ti ng acti on,25. De-adjective noun suffixes26. Noun and adjective suffixes28. Deverbal adjective suffixes29. Adverb suffixesetc)A. pric

50、elessB. dow nwardC. engin eerD. darke nE violi nistF. happ in essH.depe ndeAI. adulthood30. Verb suffixes( S ) J. survivaltudy the following words or expressions acronymy and write and ide ntify 1) types of clipping 2) types of the full terms.31 .quake ()32. stereo ()33. flu (34.pub ()35. c/o (36. V

51、-day ()37. TB () 38. disco ()39.copter () 40.perm (Define the follow! ng terms .41. acronymy 42. back-formati on 43. in itialisms 44. prefixati on 45. suffixati onVI. An swer the follow ing questi ons with examples.46. What are the characteristics of compo unds ?47. What are the main types of ble nd

52、ings ?48. What are the main types of compo unds ?VIL An alyze and comme nt on the follow ing:49. Use the follow ing examples to expla in the types of back-formati on.(1) don ate -don atio nemote-emoti on(2) loaf - loaferbeg beggar(3) eavesdrop-eavesdropp ingbabysit-babysitter(4) drowse - drowsylaze-

53、lazy50. Read the following sentence and identify the types of conversion of the italicized words.(1) I'm very grateful for your help.(2) The rich must help the poor.(3)His argume nt contains too many ifs and buts.(4) They are better housed and clothed.(5) The photograph yellowed with age.(6) We

54、dow ned a few beers.Key to exercises :.B2. C3. A4. B5. A6.C7.B 8.D9.C 10.C11.D 12.B 13.A14.C15.BIL 16. derivati on positi on, compo unds 18. Conversion19. Blendin g(porma nteau) 2O.clipp ingIII. 21.C22. I 23. H 24. J 25.FIV. 31. Front clipp ing, earthquake26.E27.A 28.G29.B 30.D32. Back clipp ing, st

55、ereoph onic33. Fr ont and back clipp ing, in flue nza34. Phrase clipp ing, public house35. In itialisms, care of36. Acrony ms, Victory Day37. In itialisms, tuberculosis38. Back clipp ing, discotheque39. Front clipp ing, helicopter40. Phrase clipp ing, perma nent wavesV-VI. (See the course book)VII.4

56、9. There are main ly four types of back-formatio n.(1)From abstract nouns (2) From huma n nouns (3) From compo und nouns and others(4) From adjectives50. (1)Verb to noun (2) Adjective to noun (3) Miscella neous con vers ion to noun (4 ) Noun to verb (5) Adjective(6) Miscella neous con vers ion to verbChapter 5 Word Meaning (練習 4)I. Each of the statements below is followed by four alternative answers.Choose the one that would best complete the statement.1. A word is the combination of form