1、 必修五Module 2 A job worth doing 知識點總結重點短語1.to ones satisfaction 使某人感到滿意的是2.offer ones hand 伸出手3.offer sb.sth. =offer sth.to sb. 為某人提供某物4.show/have respect for sb.=respect sb. 尊敬某人 5.give/send my respects to sb.請代我向某人問好/致意6.in all respects 無論從哪方面來看7.pass by 經過；從旁經過8.pass away 去世；（時間等）消磨掉，過去9.pass down

2、 把一代傳一代；流傳10.pass on 傳遞11.take. . .for granted 認為.理所當然12.take it/things easy 輕松，放松13.take ones time 慢慢來，不著急14.in particular 尤其，特別地15.be particular about/over. . . 對講究/挑剔16.have an effect on. . . 對有影響17.take up 站好位置以備 18.when用作并列連詞時，常用下列句型：（1）Sb.was about to do sth.when. . . =Sb.was on the point of d

3、oing sth.when. . . 某人正要干某事時，這時. (2) Sb.was doing sth.when. . . 某人正在干某事時，這時 (3) Sb.had (just) done sth.when. . .某人剛干完某事時，這時19.apply (to sb.) for sth. (向某人)申請某物20.apply sth.to sth. 把應用于21.apply to. . . 適用于22.apply onesely to. . . 致力于23.sth. require doing/to be done 某物需要被做24.require sb.to do sth. 要求某人做

4、某事25.require that. . .(should) do sth. 要求做某事26.in great demand 需求很大27.meet/satisfy ones demang(s) 滿足某人的需要28.demang to do sth. 要求做某事29.demand that. . .(should) do sth. 要求某人做某事30.in response to 作為的回應31.make/give a response to 對.做出反應32.make/give no response to 對不予回答/理解33.take notice of 注意到34. in practi

5、ce 實際上；在實踐中35.take up站好位置以備36.on average平均37in theory理論上；從理論上來說課標單詞1offer(主動)提出(愿意做某事)(vi.)2respect遵守(vt.)3contract合同；契約(n.)4permanent長久的；永久的；永恒的(adj.)5apply申請(vi.)6essential必不可少的；絕對重要的(adj.)7grateful感激的；感謝的(adj.)8available可獲得的(adj.)9demand要求；需要(n.)10suffer遭受(痛苦)(vi.)11.satisfying令人滿意的(adj.)satisfie

6、d感到滿意的(adj.)satisfy使滿意(v.)satisfaction滿意(n.)satisfactory令人滿意的(adj.)12stressful充滿壓力的；緊張的(adj.)stress壓力(n.)13direct指揮(vt.)director指導者，導演，指揮(n.)direction指揮，指導，方向(n.)14freeze凍?。粌鼋?vi.)freezer冰箱(n.)freezing極冷的(adj.)frozen結冰的；凍住的(adj.)15sign簽字；簽署(vt.)signature_簽字(n.)signal信號(n.)16require需要(vt.)demand(同義詞)

7、需要(v. & n)requirement需要(n.)17traditional傳統的(adj.)tradition傳統(n.)重點單詞1.offer vt. & vi.(主動)提出；提供；出價n.提供精講拓展：offer sb. sth.offer sth. to sb.提供給某人某物offer to do sth.主動提出做某事offer money for sth.出錢買東西offer sth. for money開價賣東西offer advice/suggestions/congratulations/the price提出勸告/建議/表示祝賀/出價accept one

8、's offer接受某人的建議誤區警示：offer后不能接動名詞作賓語，經常接名詞、代詞、不定式等。I have been offered a large sum of money to go away, but I am determined to stay here.有人曾向我提供大筆款項讓我搬遷，但我決定留在這里。He offered me 300 dollars for that television.他向我出300美元買那臺電視機。My classmates offer to help me with my English.我的同學愿意幫我學英語。朗文在線：Offer som

9、e coffee to the guests.端些咖啡給客人。They have offered us 75,000 for the house.他們已向我們出價7.5萬英鎊買這幢房子。I've been offered a job in advertising.有一份廣告工作聘請我去做。She offered to drive me to the station.她表示愿意開車送我去車站。詞語辨析：offer, provide與supply這三個詞都有“提供”的意思。(1)offer提供，側重主動給予，多指具體的事物。多用于：offer sb. sth.或offer sth. to

10、sb.。(2)provide供應，供給，表示事先準備好必需品來“供應”。一般用于：provide sth. for sb.與provide sb. with sth.。(3)supply補給，供給，提供，只用于具體事物，側重補充不足的人員或物品，有時可以與provide互換。經常用于：supply sth. to sb.或supply sb. with sth.。2.direct adj.直的，不彎曲的；直接的，坦白的，恰好的vt. & vi.指導；指引；指向；命令adv.直接地；一直精講拓展：direct/show sb. to someplace為某人指去的路direct sth.

11、 to sb.對某人說；寫給某人in a direct line成一條直線in direct contact with sb.與某人直接聯絡direction n方向；方位；指揮in the direction of朝方向director n導演，主任directory n姓名地址錄，電話簿directly adv.直接地，立即誤區警示：副詞direct和directly的區別：direct的意思是“徑直地；直接地”，多用于表面意思，沒有比喻義。directly著重指對事物的直接影響，不著重實際距離，多用比喻義。direct和straight作副詞的區別：表示“直接去某地”時，用direct或

12、straight。direct側重“直接”，中途不停；而straight側重“直”，不拐彎，無ly形式。The plane flies direct to London.飛機直飛倫敦。Go straight to the second crossing.一直向前走到第二個十字路口。朗文在線：She has direct control over the business.她直接控制著這個企業。None of them has ever directed serious attention to the problem.他們中間從來沒有人認真地注意過這個問題。Esther decided to

13、contact the manager direct.艾絲特決定直接和經理聯系。命題方向：direct作動詞和形容詞的用法，以及副詞形式directly用作連詞引導時間狀語從句的用法。3.apply vt.申請，應用vi.申請，適用；專心；集中精力精講拓展：be applied to適用于；應用于；施加于；用來表示apply for申請；請求，接洽apply oneself to致力于；集中精力做某事apply sth. to把運用于apply to關系到，牽涉到；適用于；運用于；向詢問；與接洽applied adj.應用的，實用的application n請求，申請，申請表，應用；應用程序，

14、應用軟件applicative adj.可適用的；合用的applicatively adv.可適用地朗文在線：I applied to four universities and was accepted by all of them.我申請了四所大學，全都錄取我了。Fletcher applied for the post of Eliot's secretary.弗萊徹申請艾略特的秘書一職。Stephen would do very well if only he applied himself.只要專心致志，斯蒂芬會做得很好的。命題方向：apply表示“適應”和“申請”所構成的不

15、同句型，apply oneself to和apply for。4.respect vt.&n.尊敬；尊重；方面；問候He has great respect for statesmen.精講拓展：show/pay respect for向表示尊敬with respect to sth.涉及、提供或關于某物earn the respect of贏得的尊敬pay respect to關心in all respects無論從哪方面來看in respect of關于，就來說without respect to不考慮，不管respecting adj.關于，說到注意：respectable尊敬的

16、，可敬的，品行端莊的，體面的，有身份的，常用作定語。 respectful有禮貌的，表示尊敬的，常用作be respectful to sb.這一結構中。respective個別的，各自的，類似于separate，其副詞為respectively。活學巧練：(1)Please allow me to express our warm welcome to our respected guests！(替換)honoured(2)I respect_(尊重)your opinions.(3)Childrenshouldshow_respect_fortheir teachers.(替換)pay r

17、espect for(4)Only by taking turns to speak can we get the chance to speak and to be listened to_with respect(尊重地)(5)My father sends his respects to you.(替換)regards(6)He is a_respectable(可敬的)teacher, and we should be respectful to him.(7)After the party we all went off to our respective rooms.(替換)_ow

18、n_5.demand n要求vt.要求；需求vi.詢問精講拓展：in demand需求，廣受歡迎make demands on需要，要求meet/satisfy one's demands滿足需求by popular demand應公眾要求on demand一經要求demand sth.要求知道，查問demand sth. from/of sb.向某人要求demand to know/see.要求了解demand that(從句)要求朗文在線：The government refused to give in to the demands of the terrorists.政府拒絕對

19、恐怖分子提出的要求作出讓步。The job makes great demands on my time.這項工作需要我花很多時間。Ford have increased production in order to meet demand.福特公司為了滿足需求，已提高了產量。Her books are in great demand at the moment.目前她的書非常暢銷。命題方向：demand后接that賓語從句時，虛擬語氣的用法?；顚W巧練：翻譯句子(1)有人要和你談一談。Someone demanded to have a talk with you.(2)老師要求學生放學后把教

20、室的門窗關好。The teacher demands the students shut all the windows and doors of the classroom after school.(3)我要求你立刻答復。I demand an immediate answer of/from you.易混辨異demand/request/require/ask四者都含有“要求，請求”的意思。(1)demand一般指理直氣壯地提出強烈要求，或堅持不讓對方拒絕的要求。She demanded an immediate explanation.她強烈要求立即作出解釋。(2)request是正式

21、用詞，指非常正式、有禮貌地請求或懇求，多含擔心因種種原因對方不能答應的意味。They made a request for further aid.他們要求再給一些幫助。(3)require強調根據事業、需要或紀律、法律等而提出的要求。The wearing of seat belts is required by law.法律規定必須系安全帶。(4)ask屬普通用詞，指向對方提出要求或請求，長、晚輩、上下級之間都可使用。She asked that she should be kept informed.她要求繼續向她匯報有關情況。6.suffer vt.遭受，經歷，忍受vi.受痛苦，受損害

22、精講拓展：suffer the consequences承擔后果，受到懲罰suffer a defeat/damage/injury/loss/pain遭受失敗/損壞/傷痛/損失/痛苦suffer for.因而吃苦頭suffer from.患病；(因)而遭受痛苦sufferer n受苦(難)者；受害者；患者，病人suffering n苦楚adj.受苦的，患病的suffer(vt.)意為“遭受，蒙受”，常直接跟pain，loss，defeat，hardship，disappointment等作賓語。Suffer from 受之苦，受損失，常跟the war，the flood，a headach

23、e等作賓語。名師點津：suffer后跟from時，常表示“因而遭受”，此時suffer為不及物動詞；若后面直接跟賓語，則表示遭受的結果。另外，suffer 指一般的損害、痛苦，而suffer from指長期的或習慣性的痛苦或困難。誤區警示：suffer可指變差，變壞，變糟，這里只作不及物動詞。The ferry operators denied that safety would suffer if costs were cut.渡輪經營者們否認了降低成本就會影響安全的說法。朗文在線：I know I'll suffer for it in the morning, but give

24、me another gin.我知道我明天早上會因此而難受，不過，還是再給我來一杯杜松子酒吧。The car suffered severe damage in the accident.汽車在事故中受到嚴重損壞。If you break the law, you must be prepared to suffer the consequences.如果你犯法，你就要準備為此承擔后果。命題方向：suffer直接接賓語與suffer from后接賓語的不同。活學巧練：介/副詞填空(1)His grandfather is suffering _ cancer.答案：from漢譯英(2)他的健康

25、因過度工作而受到傷害。答案：His health suffers from overwork(3)要細心，否則我們的工作會受損失。答案：Be careful or our work will suffer. 7.available adj.可獲得的，可利用的；有效的，有空的精講拓展：make sth. available to/ for.使可以享受某物，使買得起某物avail vi. & vt.有利，有益；有助；n.效用，幫助，利益avail oneself of利用朗文在線：The lawyer is not available now.律師現在沒空。These tickets ar

26、e available on the day of issue only.這些車票僅在發售當天有效。We avail ourselves of this opportunity to express our heartfelt gratitude to you.我們借此機會向你們表示衷心的感謝。朗文在線：Losing my job taught me never to take anything for granted.失業使我認識到決不能認為什么事都是理所當然的。You can't take it for granted that they'll behave themsel

27、ves.你不能想當然地認為他們會檢點自己的行為。Take your time, we still have much time available.慢慢來，我們還有很多時間。8.requirev.需要；要求；命令；堅持(多用被動)觀察思考It is a matter that requires very careful handling.這件事情需要慎重處理。All passengers are required to show their tickets.所有乘客都必須出示車票。The director required that we should work all night.主任要求我

28、們通宵工作。These books are required reading.這些書是指定讀物。What do you require of me?你對我有何要求？歸納拓展require后接從句時，從句中用“should+動詞原形”的虛擬語氣，should可以省略。require sth.(of sb.) 要求某人某事require sb.to do sth.要求某人干某事require that sb.(should) do要求某人干某事Require doing (用主動形式表被動)需要做(或用to be done代替doing)Want doing (用主動形式表被動)需要做(或用to

29、be done代替doing)need doing (用主動形式表被動)需要做(或用to be done代替doing)詞語辨析require to do與require doing都表示“需要做某事”，接動詞不定式時，句子的主語是動詞不定式的邏輯主語，接動名詞時，句子的主語則是動名詞的邏輯賓語。He requires to see my passport.他要看我的護照。The house requires painting.這房子需要油漆。知識拓展requirement n. 要求，必要條件9.earn v. 賺錢，掙得，獲得He has earned a lot of money by

30、working in the evenings.他利用晚上工作，已經掙了好多錢。When a student's family is not rich, he has to earn money for part of his college expenses.一個學生家庭如果不富裕，他就得掙錢以支付部分大學費用。The young player earned his place in the team by training hard.這位年輕的選手由于刻苦訓練而在隊里贏得了一席之地。知識拓展earned income 勞動收入earn one's living 謀生earn

31、 one's own living 自食其力詞語辨析win/earn/gain這三個詞都有“贏得，得到”的意思，但也有區別：win指(在競賽、戰爭、比賽中等)獲得勝利，也許因此而得獎；earn指為賺錢或為其他任何報酬而工作或表示為你所做的工作而獲得報酬；gain是指獲得有用的或期望得到的東西，gain一般不用在與金錢有關的東西上。10.sign1)v. 簽字The documents are ready to be signed.這些文件已經準備好可以簽字了。He signed the check.他在支票上簽了字。2)v. (尤指在足球運動中通過簽約)(受)雇傭The local f

32、ootball team has signed a new goalkeeper; he has signed for/with the local team.當地的足球隊聘用了一名新的守門員，他已跟這支足球隊簽了約。The record companies are looking for new groups to sign.唱片公司正在尋找新的樂隊來簽約。3)n.符號，記號；手勢，姿勢；標志，標記；跡象，痕跡，征兆Crowns, stars, and stripes are signs of military rank.王冠、星星和杠條是軍階符號。She put her finger to

33、 her lips as a sign to be quiet.她把手放在嘴唇上示意要安靜。The economy is showing signs of improvement.經濟正在出現好轉的跡象。知識拓展sign for 簽收sign on 簽約受雇，應聘sign out 簽名(登記)離開sign up 簽約受雇；簽名參加Symbol 指符號、象征、標志等。signal指信號、暗號或警告等。Sign 表示“記號、符號”時，同“symbol”。表示“告示、牌示”時，側重指用圖畫、文字表達的告示、圖示，此外還可以理解為“跡象、征兆”。mark普通用詞，含義廣泛。既可指為便于辨認而有意做的標

34、記，又可指自然形成的標記或有別于其他事物的特征。11.response n.1)回答(與介詞to連用)There have been several responses to our advertisement.已經有幾個人回復了我們登出的廣告。I asked him a question but he made no response.我問了他一個問題可是他沒有作出回答。2)應對動作，反應Our call for new suggestions produced very little response.對我們要大家提出新建議的號召，大家沒有什么反應。She opened the door

35、in response to the knock.聽到敲門聲以后，她便打開了門。知識拓展respond v. 回答，反應(與to連用)in response to 對作出反應，回答12.grateful adj. 感激的，表示感謝的be grateful for sth. 因某事而感激be grateful to sb. 對某人表示感激be grateful to do sth. 做了某事而表示感謝I was most grateful to John for his kindness.我非常感謝約翰的好意。I'm grateful that you didn't tell m

36、y husband about it.我感激你沒有把這件事告訴我的丈夫。We were grateful to get back on dry land after our rough boat trip.謝天謝地，我們經過顛簸的航行后終于回到了陸地。知識拓展gratefully adv. 感激地ungrateful adj. 不感激的gratefulness n. 感謝，感激他感謝你把書帶來了。He _ _ _ you for bringing the book.答案：was grateful to13.volunteer1)n. 志愿者This work costs us nothing;

37、 it's all done by volunteers.這項工作我們沒有花錢，它們全是由志愿人員完成的。2)v. 自動提供(服務、幫忙等)；自告奮勇；自愿效勞He volunteered for guard duty.(for)他自告奮勇去站崗。Jenny volunteered to clear up afterwards.(to do)珍妮自愿負責事后的清理打掃工作。3)v. 自動說出(某事)He volunteered a statement to the police.他自動向警方供出了情況。他自愿來充當我們的向導。He_ _ act as our guide.答案：volu

38、nteered to14.approach1)n. 靠近，臨近，接近We heard the approach of the train.我們聽到火車開過來了。2)n. 通路，入口All approaches to the town are blocked.所有通往城鎮的道路都被阻塞了 3)n. 方法，步驟Do you know the best approach to study a foreign language?你知道學習外語的最佳方法嗎？4)v. 靠近，走近He approached the bird quietly.他悄悄地走近那只鳥。知識拓展at the approach of

39、在快到的時候make an approach to. 對進行探討approach to. 接近，近似14.encounter1)v. 遇到，遭遇We encountered a lot of difficulties/opposition.我們遇到了許多困難/反對意見。2)v. 偶然碰到，與邂逅She encountered a friend on the plane.她在飛機上同一位朋友不期而遇。3)n. 突然遇到(意外、危險等)I had a close encounter with a poisonous snake.我曾意外地碰到一條毒蛇，離我非常近。15.profound adj.1

40、)深的，深刻的，深切的，極度的There was a profound silence in the empty church.空無一人的教堂里一片死寂。The incident made a profound impression on me.這次事件給我留下了深刻的印象。2)淵博的；見解深刻的；深奧的a profound thinker 見解深刻的思想家a very profound remark 深奧的話3)深處的in the profound depths of the ocean在大洋深處我應向你深表歉意。I owe you_ _ _.答案：a profound apology重點短

41、語1.take.for granted認為理所當然He takes everything his mother does for him for granted.精講拓展：take it for granted that.認為理所當然granted/granting that假定；就算grant sb. permission to do準許某人做(某事)grant sb. a request同意某人的請求注意：take it for granted that中it作形式賓語，that從句為真正賓語。類似的還有：see to it that(負責處理)，depend/rely/count on

42、it that指望等。如果that從句換為what從句，則將it去掉，即構成句式take for grantedwhat從句?；顚W巧練：(1)I_took it for granted_(認為想當然)that you knew how to operate that machine.(2)Granted_(即使)that you have made some progress, you should not be conceited.(3)They_granted_(準許)him permission to go.(4)He _took it for granted_(認為理所當然)what

43、I did for him.2.in response to作為的回應In response to your inquries, we regret to inform you that we can't offer help.精講拓展：in reply to作為的回應in answer(to)作為回應make no/little/some response沒有/很少/有些反應respond to回答，回應be responsible to/for sb./sth.對某人/某事負責bear responsibility for對負有責任take the responsibility f

44、or /of doing sth.負起做某事的責任朗文在線：She opened the door in response to the knock at the door.聽到敲門聲，她打開了門。Yi Jianlian made no response to the question that reporter asked.易建聯對那個記者的問題未作回答。They eagerly responded to the Party's call to work in the border regions.他們積極地響應黨的號召，到邊疆去工作?；顚W巧練：(1)The doctor came

45、at once_in answer to_(接到)my phone call.(2)The car_responds well to_(靈敏)the controls.(3)You must make yourself personally_responsible for_(應該)paying these bills.易混辨異answer/reply/respond三者都含有“回答”的意思。(1) answer是常用詞，可指“口頭，書面”，甚至用“行動”回答。表示“去開門、接電話等”用answer。I knocked the door but no one answered it.我敲了門，但

46、是無人應答。(2)reply比answer正式。reply后接直接賓語、that從句時不加to，其他情況下加to后再接賓語。I sent in my application,and the university replied immediately.我把申請書交上去了，大學方面立即給了答復。(3)respond系正式用語，指“對號召(職責、請求等)作出自發性的適當反應”。The government responded by banning all future demonstrations.政府的反應是今后禁止一切示威活動。3.have an effect on/upon對產生作用，對發生

47、影響精講拓展：have no/little/much/great effect on/upon對沒有/幾乎沒有/有很大/有重大影響have the effect of產生的結果，作用bring/put sth. into effect 使生效，實行，實施come into effect 生效，開始實施take effect 開始起作用，見效朗文在線：Her parents have a great effect on her. 她的父母對她的影響很大。Her father's criticisms had the effect of discouraging her completel

48、y.她父親批評的結果是使她完全喪失了信心。New control is to come into effect next month.下月開始實施新的管理措施。The aspirins soon take effect. 阿司匹林藥片見效快?；顚W巧練：單句改錯(1)Punishment had very little affect on him.答案：(1)affecteffect改寫句子(2)What the teacher said affected me greatly. What the teacher said _.答案：(2)had much effect on me4.take

49、up站好位置以備；拿起；接受；開始；占據（時間、空間等）.,Timoteo takes up his place on the bend and directs the traffic.在路的拐彎處鐵穆特歐站好自己的位置，開始指揮來往的車輛。 (回歸課本P13) 觀察思考The writing of the paper took up the whole morning.寫這篇論文用了一個上午的時間。He took up drawing at the age of five.他五歲起開始繪畫。Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a

50、 whole week without arguing?一周內不爭吵，你敢接受這一挑戰嗎？歸納拓展take off(飛機)起飛；(事業)成功；脫下(衣物)take on 呈現take over 接管take away 帶走；拿走take in 欺騙；吸入take it easy 別著急；慢慢來take your time 慢慢來；不著急5.at one time 同時；(過去)有段時間；曾經；一度When this scheme was introduced, at one time, it was recognized that there might be problems.在這個方案被引

51、進的同時它也被認為可能存在一些問題。At one time, there were long queues of people waiting outside in order to buy food.以前，外邊是排成長隊等著買食物的人們。知識拓展in a short time 立刻，一會兒ahead of time 提前all the time 始終；老是at any time 隨時at a time 一次at times 偶爾；有時in no time 立刻；馬上in time 及時；總有一天kill time 消磨時間time after timetime and(time) again

52、 屢次many a time 多次；屢次 6.in particular(particularly)特別，尤其，特殊地I am interested in stories in general, and in detective stories in particular.總的來說，我對小說感興趣，尤其是對偵探小說。Is there anything in particular you'd like for dinner?正餐你有什么特別喜歡的菜嗎？知識拓展be particular to. 對是特有的be particular about. 講究，挑剔詞語辨析particular/s

53、pecial/especial這三個詞均可表示“特別的”。particular指從眾多的事例中選出一個個別或特殊的。special則側重專門為某人、某事或某種目的。especial常指有意識地將某物或某事突出到“特別，與眾不同”的地位，多用于正式場合。He loves science fiction in particular.他特別喜愛科幻小說。She didn't feel well on that particular evening.就在那天傍晚，她感覺不太舒服。He came to Beijing for a special visit to his friend.他來北京是

54、專門為了看他的朋友。The lecture will be of especial interest to history students.學歷史的學生會對這個講座特別感興趣。7.on average 平均(或on the/an average)On average, there are two students who fail the English exam every term.平均每學期有兩名學生英語考試不及格。Now I receive 10 e­mails a day on(the/an) average.我現在平均每天收到十封電子郵件。知識拓展above/below the average 一般水準以上/下up to the average 達到一般水準the average of. 的平均數average(sth.)out 算出的平均數9.in th