1、Section_Learning_about_Language_&_Using_Language原文呈現(xiàn)ENGLISH JOKES1(1)C：Whats that fly doing in my soup?W：Swimming, I think！(2)C：Whats that?W：Its bean soup.C：I dont want to know what its been. I want to know what it is now.(3)C：Waiter, will the pancakes be long?W：No, sir. Round.2Sherlock Holmes a

2、nd Doctor Watson went camping in a mountainous area. They were lying in the open air under the stars. Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered， “Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of？” Watson replied，“I think ofhow short life is and how long the universe has l

3、asted.”“No, no, Watson！” Holmes said.“What do you really think of？” Watson tried again.“I think of how small I am and how vast the sky is.”“Try again, Watson！” said Holmes. Watson tried a third time.“I think of how cold the universe is and how warm people can be in their beds.” Holmes said，“Watson,

4、you fool！ You should be thinking that someone has stolen our tent！”讀文清障第一部分為餐館笑話，是發(fā)生在顧客與服務(wù)員之間機(jī)智、幽默的對(duì)話。第一則笑話是：顧客對(duì)自己的湯里有只蒼蠅感到非常生氣，責(zé)問服務(wù)員“為何湯里會(huì)有蒼蠅”。服務(wù)員機(jī)智地回答“蒼蠅在游泳”，這使那種尷尬的局面得以緩解。第二則笑話中bean/bin/和been/bin/同音，但含義不同。bean豆，菜豆，豆莢，而been是動(dòng)詞be的過去分詞，意為“曾經(jīng)是”。pancake/pænkeik/n.烙餅；薄餅第三則笑話中的關(guān)鍵詞是long，它既可作形容詞“長的”講

5、，又可作副詞“長時(shí)間，長久”講。顧客詢問的是“烙餅是否還要很長時(shí)間才端上來”，而服務(wù)員誤認(rèn)為顧客在詢問烙餅的形狀，所以回答說是圓的。第二部分為幽默故事。Sherlock Holmes/lkhlmz/n.夏洛克·福爾摩斯go camping去野營in a mountainous area在山區(qū)mountainous/mantIns/adj.多山的；山一般的in the open air在露天中l(wèi)ook up at抬頭望著whisper/wIsp/n.耳語，低語 vt.&vi.低語；小聲說and連接的兩個(gè)賓語從句作介詞of的賓語。last v持續(xù)，繼續(xù)，維持vast/vst/ad

6、j.巨大的；遼闊的a third time又一次(暗含第三次了)fool作you的同位語。英語笑話1(1)顧客：那只蒼蠅在我的湯里干什么？服務(wù)員：我想是在游泳吧！(2)顧客：那是什么？服務(wù)員：是豆湯。顧客：我不想知道它曾經(jīng)是什么。我想知道它現(xiàn)在是什么。(3)顧客：服務(wù)員，烙餅還要很久嗎？服務(wù)員：不，先生。它是圓的。2夏洛克·福爾摩斯和華生醫(yī)生去山區(qū)野營。他們正躺在一塊露天的地上，頭上是星星。夏洛克·福爾摩斯仰望著星空，輕聲問道：“華生，當(dāng)你望著美麗的天空時(shí)，你想到了什么？”華生回答說：“我想到生命是多么短暫，而宇宙是多么漫長。”“不，不對(duì)，華生！”福爾摩斯說，“你到底想到了

7、什么？”于是華生又試著回答：“我想到我是多么渺小，而天空是多么浩瀚。”“再回答一次，華生！”福爾摩斯說。華生試著又回答了一次：“我想到宇宙是多么寒冷，而人們睡在床上是多么暖和。”福爾摩斯說：“華生，你這個(gè)傻瓜！你應(yīng)該想到有人把我們的帳篷偷走了！”Step 1True (T) or False (F)1In the first joke, the customer is angry about a fly in his/her soup.()2In the second joke, the waiter mistakes “bean” for “been”()3In the third joke

8、, the customer asks about the shape of the pancakes.()4Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson went travelling in a mountainous area.()5From their dialogue we can see Sherlock Holmes is humorous.()答案：15TFFFTStep 2Choose the best answers according to the text.1In the second dialogue the customer in fact me

9、ans that _.Ahe doesnt know what it is nowBhe doesnt hear clearly what the waiter saysChe is not content with the soupDhe mistakes “bean” for “been”2In the third dialogue the customer really wants to know _.Athe length of the pancakesBhow soon the pancakes will be readyCthe size of the pancakesDthe s

10、hape of the pancakes3When did the story probably happen?AIn the morning.BAt noon.CIn the afternoon. DAt night.4What happened to Sherlock Holmes and Doctor Watson?ATheir tent was stolen by someone.BThey quarrelled with each other about their tent.CTheir tent was blown away by the strong wind.DThey qu

11、arrelled with each other about different opinions of life.5The text mainly tells us _.Aa joke made by Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonBa dialogue between Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonCa misunderstanding between Sherlock Holmes and Doctor WatsonDa story told by two famous detectives答案：15CBDAA一、這

12、樣記單詞記得準(zhǔn)·寫得對(duì)記得快·記得多.基礎(chǔ)詞匯1.budget n預(yù)算；開支2.slide vt.& vi. (使)滑動(dòng)；(使)滑行n. 滑；滑動(dòng)；幻燈片3.pancake n. 烙餅；薄餅4.whisper n. 耳語；低語vt.& vi. 低語；小聲說5.vast adj. 巨大的；遼闊的6.porridge n. 粥；麥片粥7.drunk adj. 醉的.拓展詞匯1.particular adj.特殊的；特別的 n細(xì)節(jié)；細(xì)目particularly adv.特殊地；特別地2.amuse vt.使發(fā)笑；使愉快amused adj.愉快的；開心的amusi

13、ng adj.好笑的；有趣的amusement n娛樂；消遣3.explanation n解釋；講解；說明explain vt.&vi.解釋；說明4.occasion n時(shí)刻；場合occasional adj.偶然的；特殊場合的5.actress n女演員actor n男演員6.react vi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)reaction n反應(yīng)；反作用7.detective n偵探detect v偵察；發(fā)現(xiàn)；察覺8.mountainous adj.多山的；山一般的mountain n山；山脈9.mess n臟或亂的狀態(tài)messy adj.臟亂的1.particular adj.特殊的；特別的 n

14、細(xì)節(jié)；細(xì)目詞塊particular case個(gè)別情況particular demands 特殊要求particular period 特殊階段particular problem 個(gè)人問題同義special adj. 特殊的extraordinary adj. 非凡的unique adj. 獨(dú)特的反義ordinary adj. 平常的general adj. 一般的，大體的universal adj. 普通的，全體的2.amuse vt.使發(fā)笑；使愉快同義interest, cheer, delight, entertain反義annoy, bore, disturb, tire3.porri

15、dge n粥；麥片粥“粥”類食品一覽rice porridge 稀飯mung bean porridge 綠豆粥sweet potato congee 地瓜粥millet congee 小米粥pumpkin porridge 南瓜粥4.mess n臟或亂的狀態(tài)詞塊make a mess 弄糟complete mess 一團(tuán)糟terrible mess 臟極了awful mess 凌亂不堪同義confuse, dirty, disorder, confusion二、這樣記短語記牢固定短語多積常用詞塊1.burst_into_laughter放聲大笑 2on_one_occasion 有一次3pi

16、ck_up 拾起；撿起4treat_._as_. 把當(dāng)作/看作5in_the_open_air 在露天；在戶外6look_up 向上看；查閱7react_to 對(duì)作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)8add_up 合計(jì)；把加起來9in_a_whisper 小聲地10in_a_mess 亂七八糟11pay_attention_to 注意1.have a particular method of film­making有電影制作的特殊方法2perform and film each scene many times每個(gè)場景都表演拍攝多次3go camping in a mountainous area在山區(qū)野

17、營4How vast the sky is! 多么浩瀚的天空！5try a third time 再試一次6behave strangely 行為奇怪7go bad in hot weather 在熱天中變質(zhì)8play on words 玩文字游戲9a sense of success 成就感三、這樣記句式先背熟再悟通后仿用1.Instead, what he gets is another kind of answer which makes the situation funny.相反，他得到的是使事情詼諧有趣的另一種回答。“make賓語賓補(bǔ)”結(jié)構(gòu)。His gift made_her_ve

18、ry_happy.他的禮物令她非常高興。2.What did John think Mary should have done with the mess in the pan？約翰認(rèn)為瑪麗本應(yīng)該怎樣處理鍋里的一團(tuán)糟？should have done意為“本應(yīng)該而”。Dont worry about what_you_should_have_done_last_week or what you might be able to do tomorrow.不要為你上一周本該做了什么或者明天可能會(huì)做什么而焦慮。3.Whenever you finish your story, you will fe

19、el a sense of success.不管你何時(shí)完成故事，你都會(huì)有一種成就感。whenever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。Whenever_she_thought_of_her_old_mother_in_the_countryside,_tears came to her eyes.每當(dāng)她想起在鄉(xiāng)村的老媽媽，就忍不住熱淚盈眶。1(教材P20)Children particularly would burst into laughter at his behaviour.尤其是孩子們看到他的表演會(huì)大笑不止。particularly adv.特殊地；特別地particular adj.特殊的；特別的

20、 n. 細(xì)節(jié)；細(xì)目in particular (particularly) 特別地；尤其地be particular about 對(duì)挑剔What I particularly dislike about this lesson is that it is really boring.我特別不喜歡這節(jié)課的地方是它的確令人乏味。I am_not_particular_about my clothes while my wife minds what I wear.我不怎么講究著裝，我的妻子卻很在乎我穿什么。Peter was lying on the sofa doing nothing in_p

21、articular.彼得躺在沙發(fā)上，無所事事。2(教材P20)On one occasion in a restaurant he ordered a steak tartare.有一次他在餐館叫了一份生食韃靼牛排。occasion n時(shí)刻；機(jī)會(huì)；原因；場合(1)on occasion(s)有時(shí)；間或on this/that occasion 這/那次on the occasion of sth. 在之際have occasion to do sth. 有理由做某事(2)occasional adj. 偶爾的；偶然的occasionally adv. 偶然地；有時(shí)He has been kno

22、wn on occasion to lose his temper.大家都知道他有時(shí)會(huì)發(fā)脾氣。I have had no occasion to_visit (visit) him recently.我最近無緣去拜訪他。名師點(diǎn)津occasion作定語從句的先行詞，如果表示時(shí)間，意為“時(shí)刻；機(jī)會(huì)”，關(guān)系副詞用when；如果表示地點(diǎn)，意為“場合”，關(guān)系副詞用where。Have you ever met with the occasion where you are mistaken?你是否遇到過被人誤解的時(shí)候？Its a cheerful occasion when my birthday ar

23、rives.我的生日來臨時(shí)是個(gè)快樂的時(shí)刻。3(教材P22)There are thousands of jokes which use “play on words” to amuse us.有成千上萬的笑話是以“玩文字游戲”的方式來逗我們發(fā)笑的。amuse vt.使發(fā)笑；使愉快(1)amuse sb. with/by .用/以娛樂某人amuse oneself 自娛自樂It amuses sb. to do sth. 做某事使某人發(fā)笑(2)amused adj. 覺得好笑的；逗樂的be amused at/by . 對(duì)覺得好笑keep sb. amused 使某人快樂amusing adj.

24、 好笑的(3)amusement n. 愉悅；娛樂to ones amusement 使某人感到好笑的是They amused themselves by playing games.他們通過做游戲來消遣。It amused me to_think (think) back to my life in London.回想以前我在倫敦的生活使我很開心。We were_amused_by/at the beautiful scenery.那美麗的景色使我們感到快樂。To_our_amusement,_they had a quarrel about such a small thing.讓我們感到

25、好笑的是，他們?yōu)檫@樣一件小事爭吵。4(教材P22)Sherlock Holmes looked up at the stars and whispered，“Watson, when you look at that beautiful sky, what do you think of？”夏洛克·福爾摩斯仰望著星空，輕聲問道：“華生，當(dāng)你望著美麗的天空時(shí)，你想到了什么？”whisper n耳語；低語 vt.&vi.低語；小聲說whisper to sb.與某人耳語in a whisper in whispers in a low voice 耳語地；低聲地whisper s

26、th. in ones ear 在某人耳旁小聲說某事It is/was whispered that . 據(jù)秘密傳聞She leaned over and whispered something in his ear.她探過身在他耳旁小聲說了些什么。They sat at the back of the room, talking in whispers (whisper)他們坐在房間的后面低聲談話。It_was_whispered_that he would soon die and he did.有人私下說他將不久于人世，他果然死了。語境串記I saw Jenny and Helen ta

27、lking to each other in a whisper/in whispers. Suddenly Jenny leaned and whispered something in Helens ear. I wanted to know what they were whispering about. I whispered to Mary that I would sneak close to find it out.我看到珍妮和海倫在低聲談話。突然，珍妮探身在海倫耳邊說了點(diǎn)兒什么。我很好奇她們?cè)卩止拘┦裁础Ｓ谑俏倚÷晫?duì)瑪麗說，我要悄悄走過去搞清楚。5(教材P23)What did

28、 John think Mary should have done with the mess in the pan?約翰認(rèn)為瑪麗本應(yīng)該怎樣處理鍋里的一團(tuán)糟？mess n臟或亂的狀態(tài)；麻煩；困境；混亂v.把搞亂；把弄臟(1)What a mess！真亂啊！be in a mess (be in trouble) 處于困境中；一團(tuán)糟make a mess of sth. 把某事搞糟get into a mess ( get into trouble) 陷入困境中g(shù)et sb. into a mess 使某人陷入困境(2)mess up 把弄亂/弄糟Your room is in a mess;

29、Please tidy it up.你的房間那么亂，收拾一下吧。You have got yourself into a pretty mess now.你現(xiàn)在可惹麻煩了。The late arrival of the ship had messed up all our plans.船晚點(diǎn)了，把我們的計(jì)劃全打亂了。6(教材P23)How do you think John will react to her?你認(rèn)為約翰將怎樣回應(yīng)她？react vi.作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)(1)react to(對(duì))作出反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)react with (和)起化學(xué)反應(yīng)；發(fā)生物理變化react against 反對(duì)；反

30、抗react on/upon 對(duì)起作用/有影響(2)reaction n. 反應(yīng)；回應(yīng)How did your mother react to the news?She reacted by getting very angry.你媽媽對(duì)這條消息的反應(yīng)怎樣？她非常生氣。The chemist teacher shows us how iron reacts with air and water.化學(xué)老師向我們展示鐵是如何與空氣、水發(fā)生反應(yīng)的。The boy often reacts against his parents, which makes his parents very upset.

31、這個(gè)男孩經(jīng)常和父母對(duì)抗，這使他的父母非常生氣。Her parents reaction (react) to the news was surprisingly calm.她父母對(duì)那條消息的反應(yīng)出乎意料地平靜。1What did John think Mary should have done with the mess in the pan?約翰認(rèn)為瑪麗本應(yīng)該怎樣處理鍋里的一團(tuán)糟？1)本句中should have done屬于“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)。should have done在語義上相當(dāng)于ought to have done表示“過去本來應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上卻沒有做”；shou

32、ldnt have done表示“過去本來不應(yīng)該做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了”。這一用法往往含有責(zé)備的意味。He should have started earlier, but he didnt.他本應(yīng)該早點(diǎn)出發(fā)，但是他沒有。You shouldnt_have_taken_away my dictionary for I wanted to use it.你本不應(yīng)該拿走我的字典，因?yàn)槲乙盟?)“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞have過去分詞”的其他形式：(1)must have done 表示對(duì)過去行為的推測，意為“一定；想必”，語氣十分肯定。He must_have_been_punished,_for his b

33、log has not been updated for many days.他肯定是受到了懲罰，因?yàn)樗牟┛秃芏嗵鞗]有更新了。(2)may/might have done表示對(duì)過去行為的推測，意為“可能做過”。might所表示的可能性比較弱，語氣較委婉。He may/might have gone to the library.他或許已經(jīng)去圖書館了。(3)can/could have done表示“本來可以做而實(shí)際上未做”或者“過去可能”，疑問或否定形式表示對(duì)過去發(fā)生的行為表示懷疑或不肯定，其中cant have done多用于語氣強(qiáng)烈的否定，意為“不可能做過”。He could have

34、succeeded but he had bad luck.他本來能夠成功，但是運(yùn)氣太差。They cant_have_left;_it was raining so heavily then.當(dāng)時(shí)雨很大，他們不可能離開。(4)neednt have done表示“本來不必做某事而實(shí)際上卻做了”。You neednt_have_come. I have finished the work.你沒有必要來，我已經(jīng)完成了這項(xiàng)工作。2Whenever you finish your story, you will feel a sense of success.不管你何時(shí)完成故事，你都會(huì)有一種成就感。

35、(1)本句中whenever引導(dǎo)了一個(gè)讓步狀語從句，意為“不管何時(shí)；無論什么時(shí)候”，相當(dāng)于no matter when。Whenever you need help, you may turn to me.無論你什么時(shí)候需要幫忙，都可以找我求助。(2)wherever, however, whatever, whichever, whoever等也可引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，相當(dāng)于no matterwhere/how/what/which/who。Whatever_difficulties_we_meet,_well never change our mind.無論我們遇到什么樣的困難，我們永遠(yuǎn)都不會(huì)

36、改變我們的主意。However/No_matter_how_cold_it_is,_he always goes swimming.無論天氣多冷，他總是去游泳。(3)whichever, whoever, whatever等也可引導(dǎo)名詞性從句。Ill give the ticket to whoever wants it.誰想要這票，我就把它給誰。 .單句語法填空1In a sports team each player has a clear role, and there are few occasions when members are confused or uncertain ab

37、out their roles.2Look what a mess youve made of your life.3He asked about my health whenever he met me.4Theres no reason to be disappointed. As a matter of fact, this could be rather amusing (amuse)5He must_have_completed (complete) his work; otherwise, he wouldnt be enjoying himself by the seaside.

38、6Be particularly (particular) careful when driving at night.7How did she react to the results?8They whispered to each other for a long time.補(bǔ)全句子1Children tend to react_against their parents by going against their wishes.孩子們通常以違背父母意愿的方式來反抗父母。2Whoever_comes will be welcome.不管誰來都會(huì)受到歡迎。3You have on_occa

39、sion surprised people.你有時(shí)使人們感到詫異。4It_is_whispered_that he is heavily in debt.據(jù)傳聞他負(fù)債累累。5She has already tried her best. Please dont be_too_particular_about_her_job.她已經(jīng)盡最大努力了，請(qǐng)不要對(duì)她的工作太挑剔了。6She messed_up_her_new_dress with red ink.她的新衣服被紅墨水弄臟了。7Playing with water can keep_children_amused for hours.戲水可以

40、使孩子們玩樂好幾個(gè)小時(shí)。8You shouldnt_have_told her the bad news.你本不該告訴她這個(gè)壞消息的。一、全練語言點(diǎn)，基穩(wěn)才能樓高本課語言點(diǎn)針對(duì)練習(xí).單詞拼寫1She has confidence (自信) to overcome the difficulties.2Lincoln is one of the outstanding (杰出的) presidents of the American history.3As long as we are united, there is no difficulty we cannot overcome (克服)4T

41、he mountainous (多山的) region in the northern half of Scotland is called the Scottish Highlands.5There are many kinds of wildlife living in this vast (廣闊的) area of rainforest.6Most people agree that those who drive when they are drunk (醉的) should be punished heavily.7Whoever comes, my mother will ente

42、rtain (招待) him to the best food of our family.8He could amuse (使愉快) us for hours with his stories of the theater.9There were an astonishing (令人吃驚的) number of applicants for the job.10It was believed that there would be a new economic crisis throughout (遍及) the world, but we hoped it would not happen

43、.單句改錯(cuò)1The old man sat in his rocking chair, amused himself by listening to Beijing Opera.amusedamusing2He is whispering his neighbour，“Lets go hunting.”his前加to3Workers reacted angrily for the news of more job losses at the factory.forto4Up to then, we finished the second part of the book.finished前加h

44、ad5In one occasion the young man performed by the road.InOn6He slides into the classroom while the teacher was writing on the blackboard.slidesslid7The accident really brought about the worst in the young man.aboutout8Your desk is in mess. I have told you many times to put things where they are.in后加

45、a.選詞填空react to， in a mess， in a whisper， amuse oneself， slide into， on one occasion， be particular about， burst into laughter1Her room is in_a_mess,_which is unexpected to me.2How do you think a manager should react_to an employees unsatisfactory work?3The kids amused_themselves playing hide­an

46、d­seek.4We all burst_into_laughter while watching the babys funny behaviour.5A thief slid_into the Accountants Office and stole about 60,000 yuan.6She earns only 1,000 yuan a month but is_particular_about her clothes.7She said it in_a_whisper,_so I didnt hear.8On_one_occasion,_she called me in

47、the middle of the night.本單元語言點(diǎn)溫故練習(xí).單句語法填空1All the audience burst into laughter at his entertaining (entertain) performance.2He was such an outstanding performer that thousands and thousands of people would queue for his signature.3Last Saturday we had a picnic in the open air and had a wonderful hol

48、iday.4To my astonishment,_he was not astonished at the news we all think astonishing.(astonish)5In the cold weather, it is difficult for him to eat every mouthful (mouth) of bread.6With time going (go) by, we have a better understanding of things around us.7Many women performers prefer to be called

49、actors instead of actresses (act)8She was too drunk (drink) to remember anything about the party.9He gave explanation (explain) for what he was doing that evening.10The two strangers talked as if they had_been (be) friends for years.補(bǔ)全句子1He was_convinced_that he made a right decision.他相信他作出了正確的決定。2T

50、here was a celebration on_the_occasion of the schools anniversary.在學(xué)校建校周年之際有個(gè)慶祝活動(dòng)。3He picked_out his sister from the crowd.他從人群中認(rèn)出了他的姐姐。4I content_myself_with a cup of coffee every day.每天能喝上一杯咖啡我很滿足。5His mother made_him_do_his_homework again.他媽媽讓他把作業(yè)重寫一次。6I didnt hear the phone. I must_have_been_asl

51、eep.我沒有聽到電話聲，我一定是睡著了。7The officer directed_his_men_to_attack the city.那個(gè)軍官命令部下攻城。8The boy likes anything to do with nature in_particular.那個(gè)男孩尤其喜歡與自然界有關(guān)的一切。二、勤練高考題型，多練自能生巧.閱讀理解Once a teacher was giving her young students a lesson on how the government works. She was trying to explain the principle of

52、 income tax (所得稅)“You see，” she began speaking slowly and carefully，“each person who works must pay part of his or her salary to the government. If you make a high salary, your taxes are high. If you dont make much money, your taxes are low.”“Does it make sense？” she asked.“Does everyone understand

53、the meaning of income tax？” The students nodded.“Are there any questions？” she asked. The students shook their heads.“Very good！” she said.“Now, I would like you to take a piece of paper and write a short composition on the subject of income tax.”Little Joe was a slow learner. He had lots of problem

54、s with spelling and grammar, but this time he at least seemed to understand the task. He took his pen and after a few minutes, he handed the teacher the following composition: Once I had a dog. His name was Tax. I opened the door and in come Tax.語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。老師盡力讓學(xué)生們理解什么是income tax，可是依然有學(xué)生鬧出了笑話。inc

55、ome tax到底是什么，你弄明白了嗎？1The teacher was trying to explain _ one day.Ahow the government worksBthe principle of income taxCeveryone should pay income taxDhow much tax one should pay for his income解析：選B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段的“to explain the principle of income tax (所得稅)”可確定答案。2After the teachers explanation, _.Aall the students shook their headsBmany of the students were still puzzledCa few students disagreed with their teacherDnot all the students under