1、Unit4 Making the news-語法篇1. 學會倒裝句的用法；2. 理解完全倒裝和部分倒裝的區別；3. 能夠使用倒裝句的知識點作對相關題目，靈活使用。倒裝句英語最基本的語序是主語在前，謂語動詞在后。但有時由于句子結構的需要或表示強調，就要采用倒裝形式。將謂語動詞完全移到主語之前稱為完全倒裝，只將助動詞或情態動詞放到主語之前稱為部分倒裝。強調性倒裝和以so，neither，nor 開頭的句子是高考例題的熱點。一、倒裝句的意義1. 適應一定的語法結構的需要，主要是指疑問句句型結構的需要。e.g. May I come in?Was the People's Liberation

2、 Army founded in 1927?2. 為了強調某一部分，而把這部分放到句首，構成倒裝。e.g. Never have I been late for school this term.So early did he come to school that no other students came.二、倒裝的用法1 .在“there be吉構里,there是引導詞，主語在 be后。在“there + be吉構中的謂語動詞有時不用be ,而用表示類似 存在”觀念的其他不及物動詞。如:live, stand, come,lie, flow , enter,rise 和 appear

3、等。e.g. There is a box on the table.There came shouts for help from the river.There lies a large wheat field in front of the house. 第 1頁 /共 20頁Many years ago there lived an old man in the wooden house.2 . 在疑問句中。e.g. Is she singing in the classroom?What does your mother do?3 .在here, there等副詞開頭的某些句子里（要

4、用一般現在時態）。如果主語是人稱代詞，主語和主要動詞的詞序不變。（完全倒裝）e.g. There goes the bell.Here is an apple for you.There she comes.Ex： There . And here .A. goes the phone；she comes B. is the phone going ； is she C. does the phone go；does shecome D. the phone goes；come she4 . 重復倒裝句型，用在以so，nor， neither 開頭，表示謂語所述的情況也適用于另一個人或一事物的

5、肯定或否定句中。so用于肯定句，表示 也一樣"也這樣”；nor, neither用于否定句，表示 同樣也不，也不這樣”。e.g. I am watching TV. So is she.My parents didn't watch TV last night. Neither （ Nor）did I.She is busy doing her homework. So is her brother.You passed the exam. So did I.He doesn t like shopping. Neither do i.He can t speak any f

6、oreign language. Nor can his father.表示兩人的同樣一個情況時，只能表示一件事，即上、下句所使用的動詞、時態要一致。否則要用so it is with His uncle is a worker and has been working in the factory for more than ten years. So it is with his aunt.Ex： 1） I don't know how to swim ，.A. and my sister doesn't neitherB. nor my sister canC. nor

7、does my sisterD. and my sister does either2) She's passed the test. .A. So am I B. So have I C. So I have D. Also I have5. 直接引語的全部或一部分放在句首時，主句中的主謂也常直接倒裝。(完全倒裝)e.g. "Very well." said the French student."Bring me two eggs and a cup of tea ， please." said he.6. 在以 hardly(scarcel

8、y) , never, not, not only, little, few, seldom, no sooner (tha n) not until, no where 等否定或半否定意義的副詞、連詞放在句首時要用倒裝句，采用部分倒裝。如不放在句首就不要倒裝。e.g. Little did he say at the meeting.Never shall I forget the day when I joined the Army.Hardly(Scarcely) had he reached the station when the train started.Not once did

9、 we visit the city of our own.Seldom in all my life have I met such a determined person.Not only was there no electricity ， but also no water.Not until he shouted at the top of his voice did she turn herhead.比較： I shall never forget the day when I joined the Army.Ex：1) Hardly the airport when the pl

10、ane took off.A. Ihad arrived at B. had I arrived C. had I reached D.Ihadgot to2) Have you ever seen anything like that before? ，anytNhiong like that before.A. I never have seen B. never I have seen C. never have I seen D. I have seen7. 用于以 only 所修飾的副詞、介詞短語或狀語從句的句子中。e.g. Only when the war was over in

11、 1918 was he able to get happily back to work.Only in this way can we learn English well.注意：如果only 后的詞組不是狀語，不需倒裝。e.g. Only Wang Lili knows this.Only a few young men went to the theatre. (修飾主語時則不用倒裝)Ex：1)Only in this way _ make progress in your English.A. you B. can you C. you be able to D. will you

12、able to2) Only when the meeting was over_ go back to meet his friend.A. he could B. he was able to C. was he able to D. was able to he3)Only after liberation_ to be treated as human beings.A. did they begin B. they had begun C. they did begin D. had they begun8. 為了表達生動，有時把表地點、方位的副詞，如up，down，out，away

13、，in 等放在句首，同時把謂語動詞放在主語之前。若主語為人稱代詞，主語和謂語動詞的位置不變，只將副詞放在句首。(完全倒裝)e.g. Away hurried the boy.Out rushed the girl.Away she went with tears in her eyes.Ex： Out ， with a stick in his hand.A. did he rush B. rushed he C. he rushed D. he did rush表示地點的介詞短語(如on the wall ， under the tree， in front of the house ， i

14、n the middle of the room等 )放在句首時，要全部倒裝。如:On the top of the hill stands a pine tree.In front of the classroom is a playground.Ex： Under a big tree ， half asleep.A. did sat a fat man B. a fat man sat C. did a fat man sat D. sat a fat man9. 在虛擬結構中，條件從句的謂語含有were, had和should這三個詞是，可省去 if,將這些詞移第 3頁 /共 20頁至

15、主語之前。e.g. Had I time ( = If I had time ) ， I would go and help you.Were I you ( = If I were you ) ， I would go abroad.Should he come ( =If he should come ) ， tell him to ring me up.10. as 引導讓步狀語從句時要倒裝(形容詞/ 副詞 / 名詞 / 動詞 + as + 主語 + 謂語) 。e.g. Proud as they are，they are afraid to see me.Child as he is，

16、 he seems to know everything. ( child 前不加冠詞)Hard as he worded，he made little progress.Ex： ， he's honest.A. As he is poor B. Poor is he C. Poor as he is D. Poor as is he， he knows a lot of things.A. A child as he is B. Child as he is C. A child as is he D. Child as is he11. 用于某些表示祝愿的句子里。e.g. May

17、you succeed！Long live the People's Republic of China ！12. So + 形容詞、副詞及such 置于句首時要倒裝。So happy did he feel.Such was me.13. 固定搭配 hardly when scarcely - when; - no sooner than 可以用正常語序had hardly donewhendid或用倒裝句式 Hardly had + 主語+ done when di晌式。hardly所在的句子用過去完成 時。The bell hardly had rung when the cla

18、ss began.= Hardly had the bell rung when the class began.No sooner had he arrived in Beijing than he began to work.Ex： Hardly down _he stepped in.A. had I satthaBn. I had satwhen. had I satthenhad I sat第 5頁 /共 20頁when14. 在以often，well，many a time，now and again 等方式或頻度副詞（短語）開頭的句子中，要用部分倒裝結構。如:Many a tim

19、e has John given me good advice.Often have we made that test.Ex： Many a time swimming alone.A. the boy went B. went the boy C. did the boy go D. did go the boy15. so+形容詞/副詞that的結構狀語從句可以用正常語序表示，也可以把so+形容詞/副詞放于句首構成倒裝。句型如下：so +形容詞/副詞+be/助動詞/情態動詞that +從句。Light travels so fast that it is difficult for us

20、 to imagine its speed.= So fast does light travel that it is difficult for us to imagine its speed.So easy was the work that they finished it in a few days.16. "分詞（代詞） + be + 主語 "結構。如:Walking at the head of the line was our teacher.Such was the story he told me.done 做形容詞在句中做表語時，常把表語放在句首，要用

21、倒裝句式。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.17. 為了保持句子的平蘅或為了強調表語和狀語，或使上下文緊密銜接，把它們放在句首用倒裝句。該結構不需加助動詞。East of the town lies a beautiful lake.In a lecture hall of a university in England sits a professor.Outside the doctor s clinic were twenty patients.1. （2019 河南豫北三校高

22、三下學期聯考）We all see David ' s basketba|l skyllst meanwhile littleattention to his singing talent.A. do we payB. we paidC. had we paidD. we have paid2. （2019 石家莊市高三模擬 ）If a healthy environment is gone , everything that our life depends 第 6頁 /共 20頁第 9頁 /共 20頁on.B. nor isA. so isC. so doesD. nor does

23、3. （2019 陜西重點中學高三聯考 ）We pursue happiness, thinking one day we will find it. But itbyking it.A. rarely will we findB. rarely we will findC. rarely will find weD. rarely find we will4. （2019 長沙四縣一市聯考 ）"Well done John! Not a single mistake in your paper this time!said the teacher.A. you madeB. did

24、 you makeC. had you madeD. you have made5. （2019 沈陽、大連聯考）Shall we take some apples with us? No， at no time in the library.A. is food allowedB. allows foodC. food is allowedD. does food allow1. Is everyone here? Not yet.Look ， there the rest of our guests!A. comeB. comesC. is comingD. are coming2. Jo

25、hn opened the door. There he had never seen before.A. a girl did stand B. a girl stoodC. did a girl stand D. stood a girl3. Not until he left his home to know how important the family was for him.A. did he begin B. had he began C. he beganD. he had began4. We laugh at jokes， but seldom about how the

26、y work.A. we thinkB. think weC. we do think D. do we think5. At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River ， one of the ten largest cities inChina.A. lies ChongqingB. Chongqing liesC. does lie ChongqingD. does Chongqing lie6. Out ， with a stick in his hand.A. did he rushB. rushed h

27、eC. he rushedD. he did rush7. Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. ， and so did I.A. So she hadB. So had sheC. So she didD. So did she8. On the ground a sick goat ， whose life was in danger.A. layB. laysC. lyingD. laying9. Why can t I smoke here? At no time in the meeting room.A. is smoking per

28、mittedB. smoking is permittedC. smoking is it permittedD. does smoking permit10. do we go for picnics.A. CertainlyB. Sometimes C. HardlyD. Once11. No sooner than it began to rain heavily.A. the game beganB. has the game begunC. did the game beginD. had the game begun12. snacks and drinks，but they al

29、so brought cards for entertainment when they had a picnic inthe forest.A. Not only they broughtB. Not only did they bringC. Not only brought theyD. Not only they did bring13. that even people in the next room could hear him.A. So loudly did he speakB. Such loudly did he speakC. So loudly he spokeD.

30、Such loudly he spoke14. ， he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class.A. A quiet student as he may beB. Quiet student as he may beC. Be a quiet student as he mayD. Quiet as he may be a student15. ， I would have phoned you.A. If I knew itB. Had I known itC. If I know itD. Did I know it鞏固提高一

31、、將下列句子改為倒裝句1. A village lies at the foot of the mountain.2. He doesn t like swimming and I don t lik， e esiwthimerm. ing3. People seldom did experiment to test their ideas.4. It didn t stop raining until midnight.5. She had hardly gone out when a student came to see her.二、用倒裝結構翻譯句子1. 樹下站著一個小男孩。2. 他很

32、少上學遲到。3. 如果我是你，我會再試一次。4. 這兒有你的一封信。5. 鳥飛走了。三、句型轉換1. He didn t realize the importance of English until he began to work.f he began to work the importance of English.2. He not only knows French ， but he is also an expert at it.Not onlyFrenchbut he is also an expert at it.1. and caught the mouse.A. Up t

33、he cat jumped B. The cat up jumped C. Up jumped the cat2. and the lesson began.A. In came Mr Brown B. Mr Brown in came C. In came heD. Jumped up the catD. came in Mr Brown3. Over ， dead.A. rolling the goat B. rolled the goatC. did the goat rollD. the goat rolled4. Where is my shir， t mum? A. There i

34、s itB. There it isC. There isD. Here is it5. Where is your father? ，_ _O_h_A. here he comes B. he here comesC. here does he come D. here comes he第 11頁 /共 20頁6. The door opened and there A. enters an old man B. entered an old manC. did an old man enterD. an old man entered7. Now your turn to recite t

35、he text.A. will comeB. comes8. Often them not to smoke here.A. we advisedB. advised meC. has comeD. there isC. did we adviseD. had we advised9. playing soldiers.A. Inside the room were two boysC. Were two boys inside the roomD. Inside the room was two boys10. On the wall two large portraits.A. are h

36、angingB .HangedC. hangD. hangs11. who was wounded in the stomach.A. Among them were a soldierB. Among them was a soldierC. Among them a soldier wasD. Among they was a soldier12. Next door to ours ， who is no less than eighty.A. that lives an old manB. does an old man liveC. lives an old manD. where

37、lives an old man13. She plays the piano very well ，.A. so every one of us doesB. every one of us doesC. so does every one ofusD. so do every one of us14. You say he works hard， and .A. so he does；so you doB. so he does；so do youC. so does he； so do youD. so does he；so you do15. I thought you women w

38、ere present at the meeting. .A. So we were B. So we did C. So were we D. So did we16.1 don t think Jack will come tod，ay .A. nor will MaryB. and Mary doesn tC. Mary will eitherD. or Mary does17. She is fond of cooking ，I.A. so amB. nor amC. neither doD. nor do18. Marx was born in Germany and German

39、was his native language.A. So it was with Engles B. So was it with Engles C. So was Engles D. So did Engles19 .A fish needs water and without water it will die.A. So does a man B. So will a man C. So it is with a man D. So is it with a man20 . So absorbed the work that she often forgot to her meals.

40、haveA. had she been in； doB. she was in；make C. was she in ； take D. she had been in ；21. So loudly that every one of the class could hear him.A. did he speakB. did he spokeC. spoke he22. his appearance that no one could recognize him.A. Strange so wasB. So strange wasC. Was so strange23. Not once t

41、heir plan.A. did they changeB. they changedC. changed they24. Never such a wonderful place as Hangzhou.A. are seeingB. had I seenC. I have seenD. he spokeD. So was strangeD. they did changeD. have I seen21 .Seldom TV during the day.A. they watchB. are they watching C. have they watched D. do they wa

42、tch26.Nowhere as in my garden.A. the flowers were so beautifulB. were the flowers so beautifulC. so beautiful were the flowersD. so beautiful the flowers were27. Hardly his homework when he went out.A. finished heB. he had finishedC. did he finishD. had he finished28. Scarcely finished their homewor

43、k I came into the classroom.A. had they； thanB. they had； whenC. had they；whenD. did they ；when29. Not only a promise ， but also he kept it.A. has he madeB. does he make C. he madeD. did he maketo admit his mistake.30. Not until his comrades criticized himA. had he begunB.began heC. did he beginD. d

44、oes he begin第15頁/共20頁、單項填空1. What I need isbook that containsABC of oil painting.A. a; /B. the; /C. the; anD. a; theforA. giftB. presentC. abilityD. wish3. It ' s said that the bookmany events that can't be found in other books.A. writesB. printsC. coversD. reads2. He can speak English, Germ

45、an, French and Japanese. He is nearly a man with a(an) language.4.A. ThisB. ThatC. WhatD. It5. Mum went shopping.I started to prepare lunch.A. ButB. MeanwhileC. HoweverD. That6. How youyour spare time is an interesting question.A. employB. make useC. costD. take advantage7. With his attentionon the

46、shops along the roadside ,he knocked an old man down while ridingto school.A. concentratingB. concentratedC. to concentrateD. concentrates8. The wall was built along the riverfloods.A. in caseB. in case ofC. in the case ofD. in that case9. My English teacher's humor wasmake every student burst i

47、nto laughter.A. so as toB. such as toC. such thatD. so thatworries me the way he keeps changing his mind.the raw material and the way it10. The quality of a processed food largelyA. relies on ； processesB. depends on；processesC. depends on；is processedD. decides on；is processed11. You part in the pa

48、rty in time. Sorry， I was delayed by the accident.A. are supposed to takeB. have supposed to takeC. are supposed to have takenD. supposed to take12. in her finest skirt ， the girl tried to make herself at the party.A. Dressed；noticingB. Dressing； noticedC. Dressing； noticingD. Dressed；noticed13. So

49、difficultit to live in an English speaking country that I was determined to learn English.A. I have feltB. have I feltC. I did feelD. did I feel14. She made the demand that sheat once.A. leaveB. leavesC. leftD. to be left15. The plane is due to take off at 7:50 from the airport.we fail to arrive the

50、re in time? Try to take another flight then.A. What ifB. As ifC. Even ifD. Only if16. I informed her motherher safe arrival.A. ofB. overC. forD. by17. A lot of searching and rescuing dogs are needed tothe soldierssearching for people buried and trapped in the ruins.A. assist；thatB. assist；inC. assis

51、t；ofD. assist；from18. Last night I watched Milan A. C.football on TVA. were playing B. to playC. playedD. play19. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold , so she stood to her mother.A. closeB.closelyC. closedD.closing20. We didn ' t feel surprised when we found he fixed his eyes on the fo

52、od with a（n）expression on his face, for we knew that hehadn' t eaten anything for 3 days.A. anxious B. worriedC. eagerD.curious、完形填空Every day , the news of the world reaches people by over 300 million copies of daily papers , over 400 million radio sets , and over 150 million television sets. Ad

53、ditional news is _1_ by motion（ 動作） pictures, in theatres and cinemas all over the world. As more people learn what the important events of the day are, _2_ still only care for the events of their own household. Nearly four hundred years ago the English writer John Donne said ,“ No man is an island.

54、"_ This _3_ is more appropriOieX todaythan it was 4 Donne lived. In short , wherever he lives , a man _5_ to some society; and we are becoming more and more aware（清楚的）that 6 happens in one particular society affects , somehow, the life of mankind.Newspapers have been published in the 7 world fo

55、r about four hundred years. Most of the newspapers 8 today are read in Europe and North America. However , 9 they may be read in all parts of the world , 10 to the new inventions that are changing the techniques of newspaper _1 1.Electronics and automation（自動化）have made it _12_ to produce pictures and texts far more quickly than before. Photographic copying doesn _' t _13_to aise prpe（ng machines. Andfewer specialists, _14_ typesetters, are needed to produce a paper or magazine by the _15_ method.Therefore , the publishi