1、Grammarifi慶無學(xué)邁高一（習(xí)Unit 4The passive Voice (2)Studying the ruleRead the following sentences, paying attention to the colored parts1) The 30th Olympic Games will be held in London in 2012 2) Maryas electronic dictionary must have been stolen3) George Bush was elected the President of USA in 1988.4) Th

2、e wounded are being sent to the hospital 5) The debt has been paid off.；:Finding the ruleFrom above sentences, you may find that the passive voice can be used in various tenses and with modal verbsFill in the following tables and you will have a clearer idea of the passive voice.Tie«MSubjectVre

3、rb *to be"Past participleSimple PresentThe housebuilt.The housesarePrcsjcnt ContinuousThe houseis beingbuiltThe housesarc beingPresent PerfectThe househas beenbuiltThe houseshave beenSimple PasiThe housewasbuiltThe houseswerePast ContinuousThe housewas beingbuilt.The houseswere beingPast Perfec

4、tThe househad beenbuiltThe houseshad beenFutureTlie housewill bebuilt.The houseswill beFuture PerfectThe house、will have been built.The houseswill have beenFill in the following blanks and you will have a clearer idea of the passive voice.Nobody can foretell the future.The future m he fnretnlH by no

5、body.They say that a fuel explosion may have caused the crash.The crash 耳1沖 hnve been caused by afuel explosion.Katess company might give her a new office Kate might be given a new of伍ce by her compan yStudents should memorize English verbs -Enlish verbs should be memorized by 5 students She ought t

6、o look after her children better. -Her children ought to be looked after by her.Change the following sentences intopassive forms 1) The school doesift allow us to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.We are not allowed to enter the chemistry lab without a teacher.2) The student didift forget hi

7、s lessons easily.His lessons weren't easily forgotten by the students3) The manager said they would have completed the project by the end of the year The manager said the project would havebeen completed by the end of the year.4) The radio is broadcasting English lessons. English lessons are bei

8、ng broadcast by the radio.5) This time last year we were planting trees hereThis time last year trees were being planted by us here.使用被動語態(tài)的幾種情況：一、行為主體不明確，不必說出或者無法 說出動作的執(zhí)行者時。e.g. Football is played all over the world.二、不易找到或者就根本不可能找到動作 的執(zhí)行者時候。e.g. My bike was stolen三、漢語中含有“據(jù)說” “據(jù)悉” “有人 說” “大家說”等時。eg

9、it was reported that his mother died of SARS.It is well known that.眾所周知It is supposed that.據(jù)推測說四、漢語中含有“被” “由”等詞時。e.g. Wei Hua is asked to come by Lin Tao.五、某些句子習(xí)慣上有被動語態(tài)。e.g. He was born in October, 1989.六、表示禮貌時。e.g. You are friendly invited to come to our English party at 8:00 p.m. tomorrow.»不用

10、被動語態(tài)的情況1及物動詞作不及物用+副詞(hardly, easily，badly, nicely, well, smoothly )等時。 常用動詞有act，add, bend, close, lock，cut, begin, move, open, read, sell, teach, translate, wash, wear, write等,主語往往 是物而不是人。e.g. The pen write well.Wood burns easily.2.不用被動語態(tài)的動詞及詞組。Come about, occur, break out, belong to, happen, consis

11、t of, succeed, fail, add up to, take place, come into being, cost, set sail for, take part in，give out, come true, lose heart, play a part in3系動詞無被動語態(tài)：appear, be become, fall, feel，get, grow, keep, look, remain, seem, smell, sound,stay, taste, turne>ge It sounds good.4帶同源賓語的及物動詞，反身代詞，相 互代詞，不能用于被動

12、語態(tài)：die, death,dream, live, life。e各 She dreamed a bad dream last night.5當(dāng)賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語oeg（對）She likes to swim.（錯）To swim is liked by her.»被動語態(tài)的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)1.感官動詞或某些使役動詞使用省略to的 動詞不定式，主動語態(tài)中不帶to,但變 為被動語態(tài)時須加上to。e.g. The little boy was made to do a difficult job.He was seen to enter the classroom2些動詞短語用于被動

13、語態(tài)時，動詞短 語應(yīng)當(dāng)看作一個整體，而不能丟掉其中 的介詞或副詞。e>ge The child was taken care of by his grandmothere3完成進行時和將來進行時都不存在被動語態(tài)，如確需使用被動形式則用完成時 態(tài)或一般時態(tài)代替。如：We have been talking about the matter for an hour.The matter has been talked about for an hour.We will be talking about the matter this eveningThe matter will be tal

14、ked about this evening.一些常見的不能變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài)的動賓詞組: catch a cold 感冒 eat one，s words 食言鋪床for為lose heart喪失信心 lose patience失去耐心 make a face 做鬼臉 make up one9s mind 下決心 make bed騰出地方make room keep watch 守望take place 發(fā)生take one，s time從容不迫,take office 就職take one9s leave請假keep silence保持安靜 speak one，s mind表明見解別著急take

15、notes作筆記take up arms拿起武器 take one，s place 就位鞏固練習(xí):1.the workby Lilyor by Tom? Tell me the truth, please.A. Has; finishedB Has; being finished C. Is; finishedI Has; been finished2. the sports meet might beput off.Yes, it all depends on the weather. $ Fve been toldB I，ve toldC. rm told3 The filmD. I to

16、ldin this cinemanow Why doif t you go in and see it?A. is showing . is being shownC is shown D shows4. In our school, library booksintwo weeks A. is returned B must returnC will return辛 must be returned5. The riverby industrial wastes.A. have poisonedB have been poisonedC has poisonedhas been poison

17、ed嘀考鏈接V1. （09北京,27） The way the guests in the hotel influenced their evaluation of the serviceA. treatedB were treatedC. would treat D. would be treated 【答案】B【解析】考查時態(tài)和語態(tài)的用法。The guests與treat之間是被動的關(guān)系，并且 動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，所以用一般過去時的 被動形式。2（2009福建，22）Why does the Lake smell terrible? Because large quantities of wat

18、er _ A. have pollutedB is being pollutedC. has been pollutedD. have been polluted【答案】D【解析】考查動詞時態(tài)，語態(tài)和主謂語 一致。根據(jù)前一分句可知所填動詞表 示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響 ,時態(tài)用現(xiàn)在完成時，動詞與主語是 被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。主語是large quantities of water,其中心詞是 quantities,是復(fù)數(shù)，謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)3（2008全國I）The wet weather will continue tomorrow, when a cold frontto arrive.A is expected B is expectingC. expects D.