1、.初中英語被動語態說課教案 說課人:韓炎第一步:幫助學生理解什么是被動語態.      英語中時態很多，但語態不多，只有兩種，即：主動語態和被動語態。所謂“被動語態”，相當于中文中常說的“被”、“由”的句式，如：“他的自行車被偷了。”，“這座樓房是由他們建造的。”如果主語是動作的執行者，謂語動詞用主動語態。如果主語是動作的對象，謂語動詞用被動語態。如：They speak English.他們講英語。（主動語態）English is spoken by them.英語由他們講。（被動語態）主語“英語”是“講”的承受者，是被動句，動詞用被動語態的

2、形式。第二步:被動語態的結構那么，英語中被動語態是怎么樣構成的呢.請看下面的例句（注意劃線部分）：  His bicycle was stolen.He was hit.（寫出幾個例句讓學生自己觀察總結出被動語態的結構）通過上面的例句，得出“被動語態”的構成是：be + （及物動詞的）過去分詞（be有人稱、數和時態的變化，其變化規則與be作為系動詞的變化完全一樣。）三:常用的時態的被動語態舉例重點是要掌握be動詞的各種時態變化。常用的時態的被動語態舉例如下：（先讓學生說出自己已經知道的時態的主動語態，再套用上面的被動語態的構成得出各種時態的被動語態）  

3、    1、 一般現在時的被動語態. am / is / are + 動詞的過去分詞（每一個時態造兩個句子）      Our classroom is cleaned every day.      This car is made in China.      2、一般過去式的被動語態: was / were + 動詞的過去分詞      His desk was

4、 cleaned just now.      The station was built in 1928.      3、現在進行時的被動語態: am / is / are + being + 動詞的過去分詞       A new factory is being built in our city now.      Some trees are being cut down in the

5、park.      4、過去進行時的被動語態: was / were + being + 動詞的過去分詞      A new factory was being built in our city at that time.      Some babies were being looked after by Miss Chen last year.      5、一般將來時的被動語態: &

6、#160;     (A) will / shall + be + 動詞的過去分詞      (B) am / is / are + going to be +動詞的過去分詞.      Some new factories will be built in our city this year.      Your watch is going to be mended in an hour. 

7、 6、現在完成時的被動語態:have / has + been + 動詞的過去分詞      Some new factories have been built in the city since last year.      Your watch has been mended already.   7、含情態動詞的被動式：can/may/must + be + done      例如：He can

8、 not be found. 四、如何將主動語態變成被動語態      1、從句子意義上說，就是重新找出“什么事物”是“被完成”的。      例1.       主動語態：人們說英語。People speak English in many countries.     被動語態：英語被說。English is spoken in many countries.   

9、;  2、從語法的角度說(先變幾個，讓學生自己得出規律)      例1. 主動語態：小王邀請你(賓語) Xiao Liu has invited you to a lunch party.      被動語態：你(賓語)被邀請。 You has been invited to a lunch party by Xiao Wang.      例2.主動語態:湯姆打了他(賓語) Tom hit him.  

10、    被動語態：他(賓語)被湯姆打了. He was hit by Tom.（ 注意：如果主動句的賓語是代詞，需將其由賓格變為主格。）得出 將主動語態變被動語態的基本方法為：將主動語態的賓語作被動語態的主語；謂語動詞變為“be及物動詞的過去分詞”，并通過be的變化來表達出不同的時態；主動語態的主語變為介詞by的賓語，組成介詞短語放在被動結構中的謂語動詞之后。（有時by短語可以省略）五將主動語態變被動語態應注意幾個特殊情況：1.主動語態：他們授給他(間接賓語)一枚獎章(直接賓語).They gave him a medal for his wonderful wo

11、rk.      被動語態：他(間接賓語)被授予一枚獎章. He was given a medal for his wonderful work.      被動語態：一枚獎章(直接賓語)被授給了他.A medal was given to him for his wonderful work.得出 含雙賓語的主動結構變為被動結構時，有兩種方法：將間接賓語變為主語，直接賓語保持不變；將直接賓語變為主語，間接賓語用介詞to或for引導。2. This dictionary mustn't

12、 _ from the libraryAtake awayBtaken awayCare taken awayDbe taken awayD得出 短語動詞的被動語態：在變為被動語態時，要將短語動詞視為一個整體，其后的介詞或副詞不能省去。3.Someone saw him swim in Qianling Lake yesterday（變被動）He _ _ _ swim in Qianling Lake yesterday（填was seen to）得出 含有復合賓語的主動結構變被動結構時，通常將賓語變為被動句的主語，而賓語補足語就成為主語補足語。（注意：省略to的不定式作賓補時，不定式符號to

13、必須補上，例如：see hear watch feel notice let make 等。）4The radio says a wild animal zoo is to _ in our cityAbe buildingBbuildCbe builtDbuiltC得出 不定式的被動結構：動詞不定式的被動語態為“to be 過去分詞”。5（省略）以疑問代詞開頭的疑問句轉換成被動句時要注意詞序：應將主動句中的疑問代詞改為介詞by的賓語，但仍然放在句子開頭。例如：Who has broken the cup.（改為被動語態）By whom has the cup been broken.六：主動

14、形式表被動意義。1）某些感官動詞和系動詞接形容詞可以表示被動意義。如：look, smell, taste, feel, wear, sound等Her bedroom looks very clean and tidy.她的臥室看起來非常干凈和整潔。2）動名詞的主動形式表示被動語態。如：want, deserve, need, require, take, worth等The book is worth reading.這本書值得一讀。The children need looking after.孩子們需要照看。3)某些作表語的形容詞后，用不定式主動形式表示被動意義。The convers

15、ation is hard to understand.對這話很難理解。The fish is not easy to fish.魚不容易釣。七：不用被動語態的情況：1.不及物動詞不用于被動語態：Appear, rise, die, happen, occur, lie, depart, belong to, break out, take place等不及物動詞不能用于被動語態。2.表狀態的及物動詞不用于被動語態常見的有：hold, have, cost, contain, become, ail, look like等如：We will have a meeting.(主動語態) 變被動A

16、 meeting will be had by us.(錯誤)3.某些動詞的進行時可表被動The meat is cooking.肉在煮著。The cakes are baking,蛋糕在烘。The book is printing.這本書正在印刷。4.主動句的賓語是each other,或者反身代詞時不用于被動語態。例如:The man introuduce himself as Mr.White.They help each other to study English.被動語態練習題1. Chinese _ by the largest number of peopleAspeakBis

17、 speakingCspeaksDis spoken（選D。考查一般現在時的被動語態）2. The boy _ to get supper ready after schoolAwere toldBis tellingCwas toldDtells（選C。考查一般過去時的被動語態）3. A lot of new roads _ built in the west of ChinaAmustBmust beChasDhave（選B。考查含情態動詞的被動語態）4.The tree _ _ by that boy（樹被那個男孩折斷了）（填was broken）5. You must throw th

18、e broken pottery away at onceThe broken pottery _ _ _ _ at once（同義句）（填must be thrown away）6.Her mother gave her a new pen（變被動語態）A new pen _ _ _ her by her mother牢記（相關）句型初中教材中與被動語態相關的句型有：1be covered with被覆蓋2be made of由制作（發生物理變化）be made from由制作（發生化學變化）be made in由（某地）制造be made by被（某人）制造3be used for被用來be used as被當作（作為）來使用be used to do sth被用來做某事4It is said that據說It is hoped that希望It is well known that眾所周知例如：1.Your coat looks niceIs it _ cotton.YesIt's _ShanghaiAmade of；made byBmade of；made inCmade for；made byDmade for；made inB2. Thi