1、 A silent tongue and true heart are the most admirable things on earth.緘默的嘴，真誠的心，是世界上最令人贊美的東西。Step1.語法 非謂語動詞第一部分 考點精講精練考點1：謂語和非謂語在英語中，一個主謂結構中只能有一個謂語，再出現動詞時，要變成非謂語形式。 例如：e.g. Singing the song, we go to the classroom.非謂語就是不能單獨作謂語，但同時仍然保留動詞某些特征的動詞形式。 英語中非謂語動詞包括：動名詞，現在分詞，過去分詞和動詞不定式。無論它們在句中作什么成分，他們都保持著自己

2、本身的屬性特點。一、動名詞：具有名詞功能，常在句中作：主語，賓語，表語，定語。 e.g.Smoking does great harm to peoples health. (作主語） I have finished reading the novel. (作賓語） My job is looking after children. （作表語） We have got a swimming pool in our school. （作定語）二、現在分詞: 表主動和正在進行, 常在句中作：定語，表語，狀語，賓語補足語。 e.g.Do you know the woman talking to T

3、om? （作定語） The film being shown in the cinema is exciting. （作表語） Working in the factory, he was an advanced worker. （作狀語） He kept the car waiting at the gate. （作賓語補足語）三、過去分詞：被動和完成，常在句中作：定語，表語，狀語，賓語補足語； e.g.The soldier wounded in the war has become a doctor. （作定語） The window is broken. (作表語） Filled wi

4、th hopes and fears, he entered the cave. （作狀語） I heard the song sung several times last week. （作賓語補足語）四、動詞不定式：表將來具體某一次，常在句中作； 主語；賓語，表語，狀語，賓語補足語等。 e.g.To study English is important. (作主語） I find it difficult to speak English fluently. （作賓語） What he wanted to do was to become a skillful worker. （作表語）

5、We went there to see our grandparents. （作狀語） The doctor advised her not to eat too much sugar. （作賓語補足語）第1講過去分詞作定語 過去分詞是非謂語動詞的一種。從語法功能分析，過去分詞兼有動詞，形容詞或副詞的特性，可在句中充當定語，表語，賓語補足語或狀語。考點1. 過去分詞作定語1. 過去分詞作定語的位置1） 單個過去分詞：一般情況下。單個過去分詞作前置定語，即放在所修飾詞之前。有時為了表示強調，也可放在所修飾詞之后。A watched pot never boils. 心急鍋不開。（諺語）Mone

6、y spent is more than money earned。 花的錢比掙的錢多。2） 過去分詞短語：過去分詞短語往往作后置定語，即放在所修飾詞之后。This will be the best novel of its kind of ever written. 這部小說將是這類小說中寫得最好的。This is the soldier wounded in the battle. 這就是戰斗中受傷的戰士。真題鏈接After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _B_. A. pro

7、viding B. provided C. have provided D. provide2. 過去分詞作定語的時態和語態意義1） 及物動詞的過去分詞作定語通常表示被動和完成，即被修飾詞通常是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受著，且該動作已經完成。The question discussed yesterday. 昨天討論的那個問題。The person killed last year. 去年被殺的那個人。2） 不及物動詞的過去分詞作定語僅表示完成，不表示被動。Autumn comes, and there are many fallen leaves in the yard. 秋天來了，院子里有

8、許多落葉。When I got up and went into the yard, I saw the risen sun. 當我起床并走進院子時，我看到太陽已經升起來了。真題鏈接“Its such a nice place,”Mother said as she sat at the table _D_for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved3. 過去分詞作定語與現在分詞/不定式作定語的區別現在分詞作定語表示主動和動作正在進行；過去分詞作定語表示被動和動作已經完成；不定式作定語時

9、有兩種情況：1.)與其所修飾的詞之間往往有動賓關系，2.) 相當于一個定語從句，表明動作即將發生。China is a developing country, not a developed country. 中國是一個發展中國家，而不是一個發達國家。He is a pleasant fellow to work with. 他是一個很好共事的人。The man to come our assistant id Mike. 要來幫助我們的人是邁克。真題鏈接1. The players _C_from the whole country are expected to bring us hono

10、r in this summer game. A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected2. Recently a survey _B_prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared第二講過去分詞作表語考點1. 過去分詞作表語1. 過去分詞作表語時位于系動詞（如：be, ge

11、t, become, look, feel, seem 等）之后，多表示主語的狀態或狀況，它所體現的是形容詞的特性，因此有相當一部分過去分詞已經轉化成了形容詞。I am pleased with the result of the experiment. 我對實驗結果很滿意。真題鏈接In April，thousands of holidaymakers remained _B_abroad due to the volcanic ash cloud. A. sticking B. stuck C. to be stuck D. to have stuck 2. 過去分詞作表語時的注意事項1.

12、) 過去分詞作表語時，強調主語所處的狀態；而動詞的被動語態表示主語是動作的承受著，強調動作。The cup is broken. （強調杯子的狀態）The cup was broken by Jim. (強調“打破”的動作）2. ）過去分詞作表語與現在分詞作表語的區別：過去分詞多表示自身的感受或事物本身的狀態，常譯作“感到.的”；現在分詞多表示事物具有的特性，常譯作“令人.的”。He became discouraged. 他變得灰心喪氣。The situation proves encouraging. 事實證明形勢是令人振奮的。真題鏈接Tom sounds very much _A_in

13、the job, but Im not sure whether he can manage it. A. interested B. interesting C. interestingly D. Interestedly語法精煉用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空1. All of them looked very surprised (surprise) at the surprising (surprise) news.2. The bridge built (build) last month needs repairing.3. The exam to be held (hold) ne

14、xt week is quite important.4. The old man seated (seat) under the tree is from a foreign country.5. We must tell the people frightened (frighten) by the disease the good news as soon as possible. 6. Do you like to read the novel _written_(write) by Han Han?7. When I came in, my aunt and my uncle rem

15、ained _seated_(seat) on the chair,silent.8. My brother became _interested_(interest) in animals when he was very young.9. The money _raised_(raise) will be sent to the earthquake survivors.10. The dog _barking_(bark) at the door is Toms dog.第3講過去分詞作賓語補足語及物動詞的過去分詞作賓補可表示被動和完成，賓語通常是過去分詞所表示的動作的承受者。不及物動詞

16、的過去分詞作賓語補足語只表示動作已完成。考點1. 過去分詞作賓語補足語的用法1. 過去分詞用于feel，find，hear，notice，see，smell，observe等感官動詞后作賓補。He didnt notice his wallet stolen. 他沒注意到他的錢包被偷了。When we got to school, we saw the door locked. 當我們到學校時，我們看到門被鎖上了。2. 過去分詞用于get, have, make, keep,leave,order等使役動詞后作賓補。They are going to have the entrance hal

17、l painted white. 他們準備讓人把門廳粉刷成白色的。3. 過去分詞用于with復合結構中作賓補。The outside sight looks beautiful with everything covered with snow. 屋外景色迷人，白雪覆蓋著大地。真題鏈接1. To learn English well, we should find opportunities to hear English _C_as much as we can. A. speak B. speaking C. spoken D. to speak 2. Before driving int

18、o the city, you are required to get your car _A_. A. washed B. wash C. washing D. to wash考點2. 過去分詞/現在分詞/不定式作賓語補足語的區別1. 過去分詞作賓補可表示被動和動作已完成。I saw her taken out of the classroom. 我看見她被人從教室帶了出去。He felt himself seized by a strong arm from behind. 他感到后面有一只強有力的手把他抓住了。2. 現在分詞作賓補可表示主動和動作正在進行。I saw her coming

19、 into the classroom. 我看見她正進入教室。When I cane in, I found him lying in bed. 我進來時發現他躺在床上。3. 不定式作賓補感官動詞后作賓補的不定式強調動作發生的全過程，不定式不帶to，但當賓補變成主補時，要帶上to。I saw her come into the classroom. 我看見她進入教室了。（強調進入這一動作發生的全過程）真題鏈接1. My parents have always made me _D_about myself, even when I was twelve.A. feeling well B. f

20、eeling good C. feel well D. feel good 2. Listen! Do you hear someone _A_for help?A. calling B. call C. to call D. called 語法精煉用所給詞的適當形式填空1. The speaker raised her voice to make herself _heared_(hear).2. I saw them _played_(play) football when I passed by.3. They kept the door _locked_(lock) for a lon

21、g time. 4. We can hear the windows _beaten_(beat) by the rain drops.5. We must get the work _finished_(finish) by 10 oclock.6. They found their new bikes _stolen_(steal).7. With her finger _pointing _(point) to the broken vase, my mother asked me, “Who did that?”8. The villagers had many trees _plan

22、ted_(plant) then. 9. They made us _work_(work) from morning till night.10. With everything he needed _bought_(buy), he went home by bike. Step2.詞匯 重點詞匯精講重點單詞17 / 17consist vi. 組成；在于；一致attract vt. 吸引；引起注意plus prep. 加上；和 adj. 加的；正的；零上的arrange vt. 籌備；安排；整理fold vt. 折疊；對折delight n. 快樂；高興；喜悅vt. 使高興；使欣喜 重點

23、短語take the place of 代替break down (機器)損壞；破壞consist of 由組成divideinto 把分成break away (from) 掙脫（束縛）；脫離to ones credit 為帶來榮譽；值得贊揚；在名下重點詞匯精講1. convenience n.便利;方便聯想拓展inconvenience n. 不方便convenient adj. 便利的;適宜的conveniently adv. 便利地，方便地常用結構：at ones convenience 在某人方便的時候for ones convenience(of) 為了某人的方便for conve

24、niences sake 為了方便起見make a convenience of 利用We bought this house for its convenience.我們買下這所房子是為了方便。Please come at your convenience.請在你方便的時候來。Gas is one of the conveniences the newlybuilt apartment building provides.這幢新造的公寓大樓裝有煤氣等設備。高手過招 （1）單項填空Come and see me whenever . （2010·01·江蘇南京檢測）A. y

25、ou are convenient B. you will be convenientC. it is convenient to you D. it will be convenient to you（2） 翻譯句子 你如果方便就來看看我。_.你明天方便開始工作嗎?_.解析：(1) 選C。convenient的主語不可以是人，排除A、B兩項。whenever引導的是時間狀語從句，其謂語動詞要用一般現在時，不可以用一般將來時。(2)Come and see me if it is convenient to you.Will it be convenient for you to start

26、work tomorrow?2. arrange v. 安排；排列；協商常用結構：arrange for 安排,準備arrange with sb. about sth. 與某人商定某事The child was required to arrange his shoes in a neat row by his parents.家長要求這個小孩把鞋放成整齊的一排。He was arranged by his family to marry a girl of his own class.他家里安排他娶一個門當戶對的女孩。高手過招 翻譯句子 你得在會議開始前把書架上的書整理好。_他們在秘密地為

27、一場盛大的婚禮做準備。_答案：You should finish arranging the books on the shelves before the meeting. They are arranging for a big wedding secretly.3. delight n. 快樂;高興;喜悅 vt.使高興； 使欣喜常用結構:take/find/have delight in 喜愛;以為樂to ones delight 令某人高興的是delight in 嗜好；因感到快樂Sometimes an old movie can still delight the people w

28、ho have a sweet memory for the old days.有時一部舊片仍能給懷念舊時光的人們帶來喜悅。The movie Xi Yangyang & Hui Tailang gave delight to millions of children.電影喜羊羊與灰太郎使千萬小朋友獲得快樂。高手過招 單項填空 , the bookseller gave him something else as a present. A. To the boys delight B. To the boys surprisingC. To the boys sadness D. To

29、 make the boys happy 解析：(1) 選A。考查固定搭配。to ones delight意為“使某人高興的是”，常用的名詞有surprise, excitement, disappointment, joy等。4. debate vi.& n.辯論；討論常用結構：debate with sb.about/over/on/upon sth.與某人辯論某事under debate 在辯論中open a debate 開始辯論易混辨析debate/arguedebate指各自陳述理由，強調公正、公開，氣氛較為激烈。argue意為“說理；爭論”，通常指提出理由來支持自己的觀點

30、，并企圖說服別人，著重使用說理的方式來論證主張。After much debate，we decided to move to Beijing.我們經過充分討論后決定遷往北京。They debated about the proposal for three days.他們為那項計劃爭論了三天。I debated the idea in my mind until I feel asleep.我入睡前一直在思考這個問題。After a long debate the bill was passed in Congress.經過長時間的辯論后，議案在國會獲得通過。（1）完成句子（原創） (他們正

31、在討論)_whether to go to the mountain or go to the seaside.（2）翻譯句子The debate was launched by the Government._.答案：(1)They are debating(2)這場爭論是由政府發起的。5. influence n. 影響，有影響的人(或事) vt. 影響，改變常用結構：have an influence on/upon/over. 對有影響under the influence of 受到的影響易混辨析influence/affect/effectinfluence指通過說服、舉例等對行動

32、、思想、性格等產生不易覺察到的,潛移默化的影響。 affect 指產生的影響之大足以引起反應,著重“影響”的動作,有時含有“對產生不利影響”的意思。effect指“實現”、“達成”,著重指“造成”一種特殊的效果。My teachers influence made me study science at college.受我老師的影響，我上大學學了理科。He was influenced by Michelangelo later on.他后來受到米開朗琪羅的影響。 Africas climate is strongly influenced by the continents positio

33、n on the globe.非洲的氣候受到它在地球上位置的強烈影響。Fear affects some people by making them powerless to act.由于害怕，有些人束手無策。高手過招 （1）完成句子 Probably we (彼此影響).（2） 用 influence/affect/effect的適當形式填空 This article will my thinking.This book a change in my opinion. by a highschool biology teacher, he took up the study of medic

34、ine.答案：(1)influence each other(2)affect effected Influenced6. available adj.可獲得的；可購得的；可找到的常用結構：available to sb. 能夠被某人所用/為某人所獲得的available for sth. 能夠為所用的/能夠用于的available to do sth. 能夠用于某目的的Tickets are available from the box office.售票處可以買到票。He is not available for the job.他不適合做這個工作。TV sets are availabl

35、e in any department stores.電視機在任何一家百貨公司里都能買到。高手過招翻譯句子 The swimming pool is available only in summer._Is the manager available for the moment?_答案：這個游泳池只在夏天開放。經理此刻有空嗎？7. consist of由組成(用于主動語態)=be made up of聯想拓展consist in 主要是；主要在于consist with 與一致/與并存溫馨提示以上詞組都不能用于被動語態。Our class consisted of fifty student

36、s at that time.當時我們班有50個學生。高手過招用適當的介詞填空 The United Nations Organization consists over 160 nations.Our greatest happiness consists serving the people.Health doesnt consist smoking.答案：of in with8. break away (from)突然逃掉或離開；斷絕往來；掙脫（束縛）;脫離；改掉(舊習慣)；破除(舊做法)The thief broke away from the policeman. 小偷從警察那里逃脫

37、了。He broke away from all his old friends. 他同所有的老朋友斷絕了往來。You must break away from such habits. 你必須改掉那些習慣。聯想拓展break down 壞掉；打破break into 闖入；打斷(話題)break into pieces 成為碎片break out 爆發break through 突圍；突破break up 分解;結束；放假break in 闖入；插話break off 中止；中斷高手過招高手過招（1）單項填空News reports say peace talks between the t

38、wo countries _with no agreement reached. A. have broken down B. have broken outC. have broken in D. have broken upHe his engagement just before the wedding. A. broke out B. broke away from C. broke off D. broke up（2） 用適當的介詞或副詞填空 Thieves broke the house when the couple were watching TV.A quarrel brok

39、e between them.The soldiers broke the enemys defence works.The school has broken for the holidays.Dad would occasionally break with a suggestion.Tom broke the door of our classroom last week.解析：(1)選A。句意為：據報道，兩國和平談判失敗,沒有達成任何協議。因此，該空應填have broken down,表示“(和平談判)失敗”。選C。考查短語辨析。break off(=cease suddenly,

40、discontinue)突然中斷，符合句意“就在婚禮前他解除了婚約”。(2)into out through upin down9. leave out 省去；遺漏；不考慮 You have left out the most important word in this sentence.你在這一句中遺漏了最重要的一個單詞。Dont leave me out when you invite people to your party.當你邀請人們去參加聚會時，別把我漏掉了。聯想拓展leave for 動身到(某處)leave alone 不管；撇下一個人leave aside 擱置leave

41、behind 遺忘；遺留高手過招（1）單項填空The printer has left two lines from this paragraph. A. off B. out C. over D. with （2） 用適當的介詞或副詞填空 They were left in the wilderness. He was asked to make up the information left by the leader.解析：(1) 選B。考查詞組辨析。leave off表示“停止、中斷或脫掉”；leave out表示“漏掉， 忘掉，省略”；leave with常表示“把留給”。句意為：印

42、刷的人在這一段中漏掉了兩行。(2)aloneout重點句型10. There is no need to debate any more about why different words are used to describe the four countries.沒有必要再去爭論為什么要用不同的詞去描述這四個國家。there is no need to do sth.沒有必要做某事聯想拓展there is no doubt that. 是毫無疑問的there is no possibility that. 是沒有可能的theres no point in doing sth. 做沒用/沒意義Its no good/ no harm/ no use doing sth.做某事沒有好處/害處/用處theres no use/no good/ no point（in）doing sth.做某事沒有用處/好處/意義It is no wonder that.難怪There is no need to