1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上強調句一、 強調句的基本結構及用法強調句常用來突出說話人要強調的語言信息，給對方以強烈的印象和感受。譯成漢語時，常加上 “正是”等字眼。其基本結構是： It + be的適當形式 + 被強調成分 + that (who) + 其他成分He bought the book in this shop yesterday.It was he that bought the book in this shop yesterday. (強調主語he)It was the book that he bought in this shop yesterday. (強調賓語the bo

2、ok)It was in this shop that he bought the book yesterday. (強調地點狀語in this shop)【注意】1.在該強調結構中，It無任何意義但不可以換成this或者that等。It is (was)that (who)為結構詞，假如去掉，剩下部分在語法結構和句子含義上均完整，這一點正是它和定語從句等的本質區別。2.關于that與who當被強調部分指人時，可以用who（被強調部分的人作主語或賓語時）或者whom（被強調部分的人作賓語時)代替that；當被強調部分指物時通常用that；當被強調部分既包括人又包括物，用that不用who. I

3、t was the things and people that they remembered that they were talking abo ut當被強調部分是代詞時，用who不用that。當強調時間或地點或原因狀語時，不能用when / where /why代替that(尤其是當這些狀語為介詞短語時)。1）It was only when I reread his poems recently I began to appreciate their beauty.A. untilB. thatC. whenD. so2）It was in Qingdao I saw the sea

4、 for the first time.A. whatB. thatC. whenD. which3）It was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. soB. so thatC. whyD. that 如果被強調的成分有同位語，同位語也應提前。It was from him, his chemistry teacher, that Paul learned to watch carefully in class.3.關于be的適當形式：在強調結構中，無論被強調的是人還是物，單數還是復數，be動詞一律用單

5、數is/was形式。 如果原句的謂語動詞時態是現在范疇 (一般現在時、現在進行時、現在完成時、現在完成進行時、一般將來時、將來進行時、將來完成時等)，就用is。It is the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are.A. oneB. thatC. whatD. it如果原句的謂語動詞時態是過去范疇 (一般過去時、過去進行時、過去完成時、過去將來時等)，就用was。例如:It was between 1989 and 1999 great changes took place in our h

6、ometown.A. whenB. thatC. whichD. because也可以根據需要用It may/might/must bethat/who; It must have been that/who如:It might be Sally that you are thinking of.It might be in the morning that he broke into the house. It might be his father that you are looking for.It must be John that/who will take part in the

7、 contest on behalf our class. It must have been her twin sister that you saw.4. 關于被強調成分。在強調句型中，能夠被強調的句子成分通常為主語或賓語（名詞、代詞）、狀語（介詞短語、時間或地點狀語從句或者because引導原因狀語從句）等，但不能強調謂語動詞、表語或補語（形容詞或名詞充當）、although 引導的讓步狀語從句、for, since, as引導的原因狀語從句、if條件狀語等。如： 強調主語、賓語。It is these poisonous products can cause the symptoms

8、of the flu, such as headache and aching muscles. A. whoB. thatC. howD. whatIt was how the young man had learned five foreign languages attracted the audiences interest.A. so thatB. thatC. whatD. in whichIt was the ability to do the job matters not where you come from or what you are. (NMET2000)A. on

9、eB. thatC. whatD. it強調狀語It was at the gate of our school that we gave the visitors a warm welcome. (強調地點狀語)It was with great joy that he received the news that his long lost son would soon return home. (強調程度狀語)It is by bus that Mary usually goes to school. (強調方式狀語)It was three years ago that I came

10、to this school. (強調時間狀語)It is when he got back that he knew what had happened. (強調時間狀語) It was because he loved my money that he married me. (強調原因狀語) 注意：1. 強調時間、地點、原因或方式狀語時，要用that,不能用when, where, why 或 how。It was about 600 years ago the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made. A. thatB. un

11、til C. beforeD. whenIt was because of bad weather the football match had to be put off.A. so B. so that C. why D. thatIt was where there had been a theatre they built a new modern school.A. whereB. in which C. thatD. so2.使用強調句型對狀語進行強調時，有必要將其與下列句型區分開來。比較下面的句子：1) It was in the evening that the soldier

12、s arrived at the small mountain village. (強調句型)It was evening when the soldiers arrived at the small mountain village. (when引導時間狀語從句，it表示時間)2) It was at 3 o'clock that they came back. (強調句型)It was 3 o'clock when they came back. (when引導時間狀語從句，it表示時間)3)It is for three hours that they have been

13、 back. (強調句型)It was three hours before they came back. (before引導時間狀語從句，it表示時間) It is three hours since they came back. (since引導時間狀語從句，it表示時間)再如： It was raining when they came back.It is true that he once went to Canada.It is a surprise that Mary should have won the first prize.3.強調部分為介詞短語：強調部分為介詞短語時

14、，應特別注意能引起誤解的干擾選項。表示時間或地點時，應注意與定語從句的區別。1. It was through Jack Mary got to know Bob .A. whoB. whomC. howD. that2. It was great care that they did the job.A. forB. aboutC. withD. in3. It was on October 1st 1949 new China was founded .A. whichB. whenC. a D. that4. Was it in this palace the last emperor

15、died?A. thatB. in whichC. in whereD. which4.特別提示：對“not.until.”結構的強調，要用 “It is/was not until.that.這一固定句”型。由于否定已經前移，that后只能用肯定形式。同時要注意不能使用倒裝語序. It was back home after the experiment.A. not until midnight did he goB. until midnight that he didnt goC. not until midnight that he wentD. until midnight whe

16、n he didnt go 5. 關于主謂一致：在強調句型中，被強調部分是原句型的主語時，其形式必須與謂語動詞的人稱和數保持一致。It is your father that is wrong this time.It is he and his parents that have come to China.6. 人稱對照：在強調句型中，如強調主語或賓語且其為人稱代詞時,應注意其形式仍用主格或賓格形式。It is they who will attend the medical conference. It was her that I saw in the street just now.

17、【誤】It is I who/ that is going to be sent there to help them.【正】It is I who/ that am going to be sent there to help them.【誤】It was her that told me about it.【正】It was she that told me about it.【誤】It is I who the teacher has punished.【正】It is me whom the teacher has punished.二、特殊形式的強調句結構1. 強調句的否定、疑問句形

18、式以及感嘆句形式。 強調句型的否定形式、一般疑問句形式、特殊疑問句形式、感嘆句形式以及反意疑 問句形式： 否定形式： It was not in England that Olympic Competitions first started. 一般疑問句形式： Was/Is it + 被強調部分 + that+其他成分？ Is the girl in red who is your sister?例 1Was it during the Second World War he died?A. thatB. whileC. in whichD. then 例 2- Wasnt it Dr. Wa

19、ng who spoke to you just now?- . A. I didnt know he wasB. Yes, it wasC. No, he wasntD. Yes, he did解析：此句為強調句的一般疑問句的否定形式。其回答有兩種可能： “Yes, it was.”或“No, it wasnt.”故選B. 特殊疑問句形式：特殊疑問詞 + was/Is it +被強調部分 + that + 其他成分What is it that you want me to do?Who was it that told you the news？When was it that he fi

20、rst came to China? Where was it that you met her?How was it that he solved the problem?事實上，強調句型的特殊疑問句就是就陳述句中的被強調部分進行提問變化而來的。也就是強調部分為疑問詞。當含有特殊疑問詞的強調句型用在賓語從句中的時候，句型應改為 特殊疑問詞 + it was(is) that +陳述句，即采用陳述句語序。(1)- Where was it the road accident happened yesterday?- In front of the market.A. whenB. thatC.

21、 whichD. how(2) I really dont know you returned the book to me.A. when it was thatB. when was itC. when was it thatD. when it was強調部分為疑問代詞或疑問副詞時，該強調句句型結構與特殊疑問句句型相同，即：疑問詞 + 一般疑問句例 1. - I have nothing to confess. you want me to say?A. What is it that B. What it is that C. How is it that D. How it is t

22、hat 解析：此題考查強調句中強調疑問詞時語序的排列。What 引導賓語從句并且在賓語從句中充當say的賓語。這是一個強調句型的特殊疑問句，被強調部分是what。故選A例 2I have always been honest and straight forward, and it doesnt matter I am making toA who is it B who it is C it is who D it is whom解析 : who引導主語從句，并在主語從句中作介詞 to 的賓語（應用賓格 whom，但在通常情況下，也可以用who代替whom）。并且，who it is（tha

23、t）I am making to為強調句型。這是一個強調句型的特殊疑問句。被強調部分是who。故選B. 嘆句形式： What/How + 感嘆部分 + it was/is+ that + 其他成分！ What a wonderful time it was that we had at the part！ How good a student it is that I have！反意疑問句形式：強調句型的反意疑問句，后半部分的附加疑問句部分的主語和 謂語以及時態要與強調句型本身保持一致。It was at eleven last night that I knew the good news,

24、 wasnt it?強調句型的回答也應該使用強調句式。Was it you that told him about it?-Yes, it was. 三、強調句型與定語從句以及與主語從句等的辨析 強調句型極易與定語從句、名詞性從句等相關句型混淆。引導定語從句的引導詞that 或者 who，在定語從句中充當主語或者賓語，不可以去掉; that 或者 who 引導主語從句時，that 無任何含義也不充當任何成分但也不可以省略，who 引導主語從句并且在主語從句中充當主語也不可以省略。并且，that 或者 who 引導的主語從句經常置于句后，而在主語位置使用形式主語It。而強調句型中的 It is

25、(was) that (who)為結構詞，假如去掉，剩下部分在語法結構和句子含義上均完整。這一點正是區分強調句型和定語從句以及主語從句的關鍵所在。a.與定語從句的辨析 It was in the lab that was set up by Mr. Smith that they finished the experiment.It was he who came from Hunan that won the first prize in the contest. b.與名詞性從句的辨析 It is true that he once was a teacher.It was he said

26、 disappointed me.A. what; thatB. that; thatC. what; whatD. that; whatc.與 there be句型的辨析 is no possibility Bob can win the first prize in the match.A. There; thatB. It; thatC. There; whether D. It; whether四、錯誤判斷強調句的兩種情況1. 將非強調句判為強調句。易混句型1：It be + 時間段 + since . 該句型中的be動詞通常為一般現在時態或現在完成時態, since 引導的從句通常是

27、 一般過去時態。如果主句是一般過去時，從句則用過去完成時。例. That was really a splendid evening. It has been years I enjoyed myself so much.A. whenB. thatC. beforeD. since易混句型2：It be + 時間點 + when . 該句型中的when 引導的是一個時間狀語從句。Be 動詞的時態沒有明確限制，時間點前不加介詞。例. Did Jack come back early last night? Yes. It was not yet eight oclock he arrived home.A. beforeB. whenC. thatD. until易混句型3：It be+段時間 + before .主句中be 動詞的時態常是一般將來時或過去時兩種時態。主句中的表語多是long, not long , days , week等表示時間段的詞或短語。例-