1、實驗6 運算符重載實驗目的l 掌握運算符重載的規則；l 掌握運算符成員函數與運算符友元函數的實現及應用；l 學會定義類中單目和雙目運算符的重載函數；l 理解重載運算符的作用，學會對典型的運算符進行重載。實驗學時本次實驗需要2個學時。實驗要求l 實驗上機之前，根據實驗內容要求，自行設計編寫程序，完成預習報告。l 實驗上機時調試并修正程序。l 當次上機結束前分析錯誤原因并給出實驗結論，提交實驗報告。實驗內容1.基礎部分（1）定義復數類complex，包括私有數據成員實部real和虛部image。定義該類的構造，拷貝構造，析構函數。為該類重載運算符+，-（友元函數），前置和后置+，-（成員函數），插

2、入符和提取符<<，>>（友元函數）。在main函數里定義復數對象，測試重載的這些運算符。2.進階部分（2）設計一個mystring類，包括數據成員char * pstr; 和 int length; 通過運算符重載實現字符串的輸入>>、輸出<<、連接+=、賦值=、關系運算（=、!=、>、<）、下標等運算。/*（1）定義復數類complex，包括私有數據成員實部real和虛部image。定義該類的構造，拷貝構造，析構函數。為該類重載運算符+，-（友元函數），前置和后置+，-（成員函數），插入符和提取符<<，>>（

3、友元函數）。在main函數里定義復數對象，測試重載的這些運算符。#include<iostream>1 / 8#include<string>using namespace std;class Complex public:Complex(int real1=0,int image1=0) :real(real1),image(image1)Complex() ;friend Complex operator+(const Complex &a1, const Complex &a2);friend Complex operator-(const Com

4、plex &a1, const Complex &a2);Complex operator+();Complex operator+(int);Complex operator-();Complex operator-(int);friend ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex&a3);friend istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex&a3);private:int real;int image;Comp

5、lex operator+(const Complex &a1, const Complex &a2)return Complex(a1.real + a2.real, a1.image + a2.image);Complex operator-(const Complex &a1, const Complex &a2)return Complex(a1.real - a2.real, a1.image - a2.image);Complex Complex:operator+()+real;+image;return *this;Complex Complex

6、:operator+(int)Complex a = *this;+(*this);return a;Complex Complex:operator-()-real;-image;return *this;Complex Complex:operator-(int)Complex a = *this;-(*this);return *this;ostream& operator<<(ostream& os, const Complex& a3)os<< a3.real << "+" << a3.ima

7、ge << "i"return os;istream& operator>>(istream& is, Complex&a3)is >> a3.real >> a3.image;return is;int main()Complex a4(4,5), a5(6,7),A,B;cout << "a4:" << a4 << endl;cout << "a5:" << a5 << endl;cout

8、 << "請重新為a4,a5對象輸入數據：" ;cin >> a4;cin >> a5;cout << "重新輸入后a4：" << a4 << endl;cout << "重新輸入后a5：" << a5 << endl;A = a4 + a5;cout << "重載修改后加法A:"cout << A << endl;A = a4 - a5;cout << &qu

9、ot;重載修改后減法A:"cout << A << endl;cout <<"重載修改后a4前置+:"<<+a4 << endl;cout <<"重載修改后a5后置+:" <<a5+ << endl;cout << "重載修改后再次修改的a4前置-:" << -a4 << endl;cout << "重載修改后再次修改的a5后置-:" << a5- &

10、lt;< endl;return 0;（2）設計一個mystring類，包括數據成員char * pstr; 和 int length; 通過運算符重載實現字符串的輸入 >> 、輸出 << 、連接+=、賦值 = 、關系運算（ = 、 != 、>、<）、下標等運算。#include <iostream>#include <string>using namespace std;class mystringpublic:mystring(char *p);mystring()free(pstr);mystring& opera

11、tor=(mystring& s);void operator+=(mystring & a)this->pstr = (char*)realloc(this->pstr, this->length + a.length + 1);strcpy(this->pstr + (this->length), a.pstr);char& operator (int n);bool operator =(const mystring & s)if (strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) = 0)return 1;else

12、return 0;bool operator !=(const mystring & s)if (strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr) != 0)return 1;elsereturn 0;bool operator <(const mystring & s)if (strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr)<0)return 1;elsereturn 0;bool operator >(const mystring & s)if (strcmp(this->pstr, s.pstr)>0)return

13、 1;elsereturn 0;friend ostream & operator <<(ostream & os, const mystring & s) return os << s.pstr << strlen(s.pstr); friend istream & operator >>(istream & is, mystring & s)delete s.pstr;is >>s.length ;s.pstr = new chars.length + 1;is >> s

14、.pstr;*(s.pstr + s.length) = '0'return is;private:char *pstr;int length;mystring:mystring(char *p)this->pstr = (char*)malloc(strlen(p) + 1);strcpy(this->pstr, p);this->length = strlen(p);mystring& mystring: operator =(mystring & s)deletepstr; this->pstr = new charstrlen(s

15、.pstr) + 1;if (pstr)strcpy(this->pstr, s.pstr); return *this;char& mystring:operator(int n)static char ch = 0;if (n > length | n < 0)cout << "數組越界" << endl;return ch;elsereturn *(pstr + n);int main()mystring a("abde"), b("defe");/mystring c(a);/

16、cout << c;cout << a << " " << b << endl;a = b;cout << a << endl;a += b;cout << a << endl;cin >> a;cout << a << endl;if (a > b)cout << "a字符串更大：" << a << endl;if (a < b)cout << "b字符串更大：" << b << endl;if (a = b)cout << "a,b相等" << a << endl;if (a != b)cout << "a,b不相等" << endl;a1 = ' q'cout << a << endl;實驗心得：本次實驗我們所學習的是函數的重載，函