1、手寫符號識別論文：基于符號識別技術的選舉計票系統研究【中文摘要】在我國信息社會高速發展的今天,傳統的選舉計票方式已經遠遠不能夠滿足社會的需求。以往的計票方式,如基于人工唱票的方式、基于電子選舉方式和基于機器識別和智能票箱的方式,在各種民主選舉中發揮了極大作用,但是各種計票方式還是存在不少的缺點。人工唱票方式是由人工進行記錄和統計選票,這種方式不僅費時費力、效率低,而且容易出錯,又因為監督不嚴,很難保證民主選舉的公平公正性,影響民主選舉的進度及質量。電子選舉方式由于自身的技術缺點,它的安全性、可靠性一直受到人們的爭議,而且選舉會議結束后沒有可用來驗票的票根,選票形式單一,都使得電子選舉的推廣和使

2、用受到了很大的限制。基于機器識別和智能票箱的計票方式是目前社會上使用的一種選舉計票系統,它結合了現代計算機資源和OMR技術,是一種新的實時選舉計票系統,采用圖像處理和信息卡識別算法實現對信息卡上標記的識別,系統可以實時的對選票信息進行通信、信號控制、符號識別、統計等,但是該系統使用的選票形式是帶有填涂卡的選票,這使得此系統在推廣和使用上受到了很大的限制。“基于符號識別技術的選舉計票系統研究”的設計解決了這一難題,本系統可以識別選民手寫的各種符號,如“、×、”等,符合人們填寫選票的習慣,具有很強的實用性。本系統設計的“基于符號識別技術的選舉計票系統”以現有的智能票箱為投票箱,對票箱內圖

3、像獲取系統和符號識別系統進行了改進,系統由若干符號識別設備(即智能票箱)、主機和錄入終端組成星型網絡的結構,使用與普通光學標記閱讀機不同的技術,采用符號識別的技術、算法完成選票上各種手寫符號的識別。即首先通過CMOS攝像頭把選票作為整幅圖像輸入,再用算法定位、分割,然后按照符號識別方法,由符號識別子系統識別出“、×、”等各種手寫符號,另選他人信息以及由于模糊或有污損而不能確認的手寫符號的處理,是將相關的小塊圖像通過網絡通訊模塊傳送到錄入終端,顯示在計算機屏幕上由人工進行識別,從而提高了符號識別的精準度。最后將各個子系統識別的結果通過網絡發至主機,由主機統計得出選舉結果。本系統研究內容

4、主要包括自動生成選票、票箱內手寫符號識別、另選他人實現和主機選舉計票各個子系統和整個選舉計票系統網絡架構的實現,以及主機如何測試各網絡線路,如何監控各個符號識別設備和錄入終端的工作狀態等。【英文摘要】With the rapid development of information society in our country today, the traditional way of statistics in the election has been far from able to meet the needs of society. Previous statistics metho

5、ds play a significant role in a variety of democratic elections, such as tellers approach based on artificial, electronic elections and based on machine identification even intelligent ballot boxes way. But a variety of ways still has a lot of statistics shortcomings. Artificial tellers carry throug

6、h manual recording and statistical ballot, however, this approach is not only time-consuming, inefficient and error-prone, but also because of lax supervision,it is difficult to ensure fair democratic of election, therefore, these influence the progress and quality of democratic elections. Because o

7、f these technical shortcomings of e-election, its security and reliability have been disputed by the people. Apart from this, the ticket stub of election is not available after the meeting and the form of ballot is single. It has made the promotion and use of electronic voting large limits.The stati

8、stics way of Machine identification and intelligent ballot boxes is electoral statistics system of social use, which combines modern computer resources and OMR technology. It is a new real-time electoral statistics system that uses image processing and algorithm of information Card information recog

9、nition to achieve the mark of recognition. The system can carry out real-time traffic information, signal control and character recognition, statistics on the ballot, etc. But the system uses the ballot form with Tiantu card ballots, which has been greatly restricted in the promotion and use of the

10、system.The design of” The research of electoral statistics system based on character recognition technology “ solve this problem and the system can identify handwritten symbols of voters, such as “,” and so on, meeting the people who fill out the habit of votes, which has a strong practical.The syst

11、em design of the “electoral statistics system based on character recognition technology” make available smart boxes as ballot boxes, that has improved image acquisition system and the character recognition system on the ballot box. The system identified star network structure by a number of symbolic

12、 devices (smart Boxes), the host and input terminal. It uses different techniques from optical mark readers using character recognition and the algorithm method to complete a variety of hand-written notation on the ballot paper identification. Firstly, applying CMOS camera make the entire image of t

13、he vote as input, then algorithm positioning, segmentation, and then locate and cut up using algorithm. The symbol recognition system identified handwritten symbols, “,” etc. If the handwritten symbols information is in favor of another people or fuzzy or defaced recognition of can not be handled, t

14、hey will be processed by identify by hand, which are associated with small images and transmitted through the network communication module to the input terminals, displayed on the computer screen, therefore, it improve the character recognition accuracy. Finally, the identification results of the va

15、rious subsystems issued to the host through the network, the host statistics obtained the election results.The system includes automatic generation votes, handwritten character recognition in the ballot box, implement in favor of another, voting and statistics each subsystem by the host and realizat

16、ion of network architecture of the entire electoral statistics system. In addition, how to test the network host circuit and how to control each character recognition equipment and work status of input terminals are the tasks of the system.【關鍵詞】手寫符號識別 選舉計票系統 圖像識別 網絡【英文關鍵詞】handwritten character recog

17、nition electoral statistics system image recognition network【目錄】基于符號識別技術的選舉計票系統研究摘要3-5Abstract5-6目錄7-10第1章 緒論10-171.1 選舉與選票10-111.2 選票統計系統發展11-131.2.1 基于人工唱票的選票統計111.2.2 基于電子選舉的選票統計11-121.2.3 基于機器識別和智能票箱的選票統計12-131.3 本文內容和組織結構13-161.3.1 本文內容13-151.3.2 本文結構15-161.4 本章小結16-17第2章 圖像處理及選票圖像預處理17-232.1 圖

18、像處理簡介17-192.1.1 數字圖像的表示18-192.1.2 數字圖像文件格式192.2 數字圖像處理的方法和內容19-202.2.1 數字圖像處理的方法192.2.2 數字圖像處理的內容19-202.3 選票圖像預處理20-222.3.1 灰度化212.3.2 二值化212.3.3 平滑處理21-222.3.4 傾斜校正222.3.5 圖像細化222.3.6 歸一化222.4 本章小結22-23第3章 自動生成選票系統23-423.1 引言23-243.2 系統界面設計243.3 系統功能實現24-393.3.1 系統用戶管理24-253.3.2 選舉信息錄入25-303.3.3 選票版面設計30-383.3.4 選票打印383.3.5 數據維護38-393.3.6 幫助393.4 軟件生成選票格式39-403.5 實驗結果及分析40-413.6 本章小結41-42第4章 選票信息識別42-554.1 選票圖像版面理解42-454.1.1 選票圖像的結構特點分析42-434.1.2 選票圖像的結構識別43-454.2 選舉符號識別45-534.2.1 手寫符號提取45-484.2.2 選舉符號識別48-534.3 實驗結果53-544.4 本章小結