1、Unit5 Section A 1a-2d 知識(shí)提綱 一、 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換 1. e nvir onment n.環(huán)境 adj. en vir onmen tai 自然環(huán)境的， 有關(guān)環(huán)境的 2eaf n.葉，葉子復(fù)數(shù)（pl.） leaves 3 wide adj.寬的， 寬闊的 adv. widely 廣泛地， 普遍地 二、 短語(yǔ) 1. be known for 以 . 聞名， =be famous for 2.be made of 由 . 希 9 成 3. be made from 由 . 希 9 成 4. be made in +地點(diǎn) 產(chǎn)于某地 5. all over the world 全世界

2、 6. by ha nd 手工地 7. be good for 對(duì) . 有益 8. on the side of the mountains 在山邊上 三、 詞法和句法 1. be made o“由制成” 主語(yǔ)為制成品 of 后接原材料，制成品能看見原材料 be made from “由制成”主語(yǔ)為制成品 from 后接原材料，成品看不見原材料。 記憶順口溜： be made of 與 be made from 用法 由物制造，方式有兩種； 樣子很相似，用法不相同； of 兩字母，材料能看出；from 四字母，材料看不出。 be made in +地點(diǎn) 某物產(chǎn)于某地 The desk _woo

3、d .桌子是由木頭做的。 Paper _ _ wood . 紙是由木材做的。 The kind of watch _ _ Shanghai 這種手表產(chǎn)于上海。 2. as far as I know 據(jù)我所知 據(jù)我所知，李先生已經(jīng)去美國(guó)了。 _ I know ， Mr. Li has gone to America. 3. bothand. 和 .都. ，不但 . 而且 . 連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞為復(fù)數(shù)。 not onlybut also不但 . 而且 . 連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞就近原則。 either。廠或者 或者 . 連接主語(yǔ)時(shí)， 動(dòng)詞就近原則。 n eithernor既不 . 也不 . 連接主語(yǔ)

4、時(shí)，動(dòng)詞就近原則。 _ Tom _ Jack know my address . They often drop by my home . A.Not , but B. Both , and C. Either , or D. Not o nly , but also 4. It seems that . 似乎 . seem + adj. / seem to do sth It seems that he is going to leave here 似乎他要離開這里。 =He seems to leave here . Un it5 Section A 3a-4c 知識(shí)提綱 (P35-36)

5、 、詞形轉(zhuǎn)換 1. produce v.生產(chǎn)，制造 duct 產(chǎn)品 2. France n.法國(guó)adj. French 法國(guó)的 3.Germa ny n.德國(guó)adj.German 德國(guó)的 、詞法和句法 1. search for 搜尋， 尋找 相當(dāng)于 look for 2. no matter 不論， 無(wú)論 后接特殊疑問詞 how / when / where /which/who /what =特殊疑問詞+ ever 表示“無(wú)論怎樣/何時(shí)/哪里/哪個(gè)/誰(shuí)/什么” 引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 No matter what he does , I believe him . = _ he do

6、es , I believe him . 3. hardly adv.幾乎不 表示否定含義 I can hardly hear you , _ ? 4. avoid v.避免，回避 avoid doi ng sth .避免做某事 You should avoid _ such a mistake . (make) 5. be good for 對(duì) . 有益 be good at 擅長(zhǎng) be good with sb.與 . 和睦相處 be good to 對(duì) . 好 6. everyday adj.每天的，日常的 every day 每日，每天 相當(dāng)于頻率副詞，做時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。 He reads

7、everyday En glish every day .他每天都讀日常英語(yǔ)。 7. continue v.繼續(xù)，連續(xù) continue to do sth .繼續(xù)/接著做另一件事情 continue doi ng sth .繼續(xù)做原來(lái)的事情 After he finished reading a novel , he continued to play games with his friends . 他讀完小說后跟朋友們繼續(xù)玩游戲。 8. find (found , found ) v.發(fā)現(xiàn)， 發(fā)覺 find it + adj. + to do sth . I find it very d

8、ifficult to lear n En glish well .我覺得學(xué)好英語(yǔ)很難。 find it + adj. + that-clause 是一個(gè)復(fù)合句，it 是形式賓語(yǔ)，that 從句是真賓語(yǔ)。 I find it relaxing that I can lie on the beach . 我發(fā)現(xiàn)我能躺在海灘上很令人放松。 find sb. doi ng sth .發(fā)現(xiàn)某人正在做某事 I found some boys swimming in the river . 我發(fā)現(xiàn)一些男孩正在河里游泳。 Unit5 Section B1a-2b 知識(shí)提綱 一、 詞形轉(zhuǎn)換 1. i nter

9、natio nal adj.國(guó)際的 n. i nternatio n 國(guó)際 2. celebrate v.慶祝n. celebratio n 慶典， 慶祝活動(dòng) 3.live v.生活adj. lively 生氣勃勃的 4. history n.歷史adj. historical 歷史的 4. complete adj.完整的，完全的adv. completely 完全地，完整地 二、 短語(yǔ) 1. find out 弄清楚， 查明 2. go on vacation (to)去度假 3. turn into 變成 4.according to 根據(jù)，按照 5.in trouble 在困境中 6.

10、 .be covered with 被 覆蓋 三、 詞法和句法 1. Have / has been around 這是習(xí)語(yǔ)，意思是“已經(jīng)存在” Poetry has bee n around for cen turies 詩(shī)歌已經(jīng)存在幾個(gè)世紀(jì)了。 2. allow v.允許，準(zhǔn)許 allow doi ng sth 允許做某事 allow sb. to do sth 允許某人做某事 be allowed to do sth .被允許做某事 It not allowed to smoke here .這兒不允許吸煙。 3. use v.使用 use sth. to do sth.用某物做某事 。

11、 be used to do sth.被用來(lái)做某事 be / get used to + n. / pron. / doing sth .習(xí)慣于做某事 be used for doing sth .用來(lái)做某事=be used to do sth . 主語(yǔ) 句 型 take it It takes sb. + 時(shí)間 + to do sth. spe nd 人 廣 on sth . 人 spend +金錢/時(shí)間+ J 1 in doing sth. pay 人 人 pay + 錢數(shù) for sth. 人 pay for sth. cost 物 物 cost + 錢數(shù) (vi.) 物 cost +

12、sb. + 錢數(shù)(vt.) It took me about half an hour to get to the airport . I spe nt two yua n buying / on the pen . The pen cost me two yua n . Grammar （語(yǔ)法） 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 、語(yǔ)態(tài)概述 英語(yǔ)中有兩種語(yǔ)態(tài)：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)和被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)態(tài)是通過 動(dòng)詞形式的變化 表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 例如：Many people speak English.主語(yǔ) people 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的發(fā)出者。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。 例如：Eng

13、lish is spoken by many people.主語(yǔ) English 是動(dòng)詞 speak 的承受者。 1、被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“ be 及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。不及物動(dòng)詞本身沒有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 人稱、數(shù)和時(shí)態(tài)的變化是通過 be 的變化表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的。 三、 各種時(shí)態(tài)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的構(gòu)成 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)： am/ is/are+動(dòng)詞過去分詞 Cars are made by them. 2. 般過去時(shí)：was/were+ 動(dòng)詞過去分 The MP3 was bought by my father. 3. 含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，由 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be+過去分詞”構(gòu)成， 例如： we can

14、repair this watch in two days. f This watch can be repaired in two days. 四、 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)變被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法 1. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的賓語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)。 2. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的謂語(yǔ)。 3. 把主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的主語(yǔ)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的 by 短語(yǔ)。 （by 短語(yǔ)可以省。by 短語(yǔ)后跟代詞的賓格。） 主變被解題步驟 1. 劃分句子成分，找賓語(yǔ)-即動(dòng)作的承受者 2. 判斷賓語(yǔ)的單復(fù)數(shù)-即 be 動(dòng)詞的單復(fù)數(shù). 3. 判斷動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)-即 be 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài). 4. 修改謂語(yǔ)的形式-即原句動(dòng)詞改為過去分詞 5. 修改原句的主語(yǔ)-即 by

15、+賓語(yǔ)（原主語(yǔ)）. They make shoes in that factory. f Shoes aremade by them. （賓變主，主變賓，謂動(dòng)變成 be do ne 形，人稱、數(shù)、格隨著變） 五、 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的用法 （1） 不知道或沒有必要說明動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰(shuí)。 、 Some new computers were stolen last night.不知道電腦是誰(shuí)偷的） （2） 強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者，而不強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。 The wi ndow was broke n by mike 窗戶是邁克打破的。 鞏固提升： 一、單項(xiàng)填空 ( )1.The old manis good _

16、swimming, and even now he often swims across Tuojiang River A. over B . through C . to D . at ( )2. Your sweater looks nice .Is it made of wool? Yes, and its made _ Shan ghai. A. by B . in C . for D . from ( )3.Sa nya is famous _ its beautiful beaches. A. of B . for C . as D . from ( )4. _ happe ns,

17、門 I sta nd by you. A. So B . But C. Or D . No matter what ( )5.My pare nts dont allow me to _ out at ni ght. A. went B . going C. go D . goes ( )6.1 have some good frien ds, _ dogs, cats and toys. A. as for B . such as C. for example D . sudde nly ( )7.Miss Taylor n ever wastes money on anything too

18、 expe nsive, even though she can _ don ated much of the money she saved to charities. A. allow B . remi nd C. afford D . take ( )8.When you are _ ， I will help you. A. in trouble B . in help C. with trouble D . in hope ( )9.The whole city is _ fog. A. cover with B . covered with C. cover D . covered

19、 ( )10. How do you study for a test? _ work ing with frien ds. after supper. to.She has A. By B . With C. On D . At ( )11.The sweater is not the right _ for me. Well, shall I get you a bigger one or a smaller one? A. price B . color C. size D . material ( )12.lve got several no vels writte n by Mo Y

20、an.You can borrow _ if you like. A. it B . one C. every D . either ( )13 .I like to read En glish in the garde n because the flowers in it smell _ . A. good B . well C. bad D . badly ( )14. Frog ”，Mo Yans latest novel, please! Sorry, it _.But it will come out aga in soon. A. sold out B . is sold out

21、 C.has sold out D.were sold out ( )15. How ofte n do you chat with your friends on li ne? _ rm busy with my study. A. On ly one mon th. B. About twice a mon th. C. Almost every day. D. Maybe in two weeks. ( )16.Ma ny trees and flowers _ in our school every year and they make our school a beautiful g

22、arde n. A. have pla nted B . are pla nted C. were pla nted D . will be pla nted ( )17 .If our gover nment _ atte nti on to con trolli ng food safety now, our health _ in dan ger. A. wont pay; is B . does nt pay; is C. wont pay; will be D. does nt pay; will be ( )18.Steve got over ten letters _ his p

23、en pals _ their New Years resoluti ons last year. A. from; about B . to; of C. about; from D . to; about ( )19 .I _to the cin ema.Would you like to come with me? A. go B . am going C. have gone D . went ( )20. Could you tell me _ at nine oclock last ni ght? Er, I was wash ing clothes. A. what you were doing B . what were you doing C. what you are doing D. what are you doing 二、書面表達(dá) 假設(shè)某中學(xué)生英文報(bào)開展關(guān)于村莊變化的征文活動(dòng)，請(qǐng)你根據(jù)下表所提示的要點(diǎn)，以 Cha nge in Our Tow n ”為題， 用英語(yǔ)為該報(bào)寫一篇稿件，簡(jiǎn)述社會(huì)、家庭、學(xué)校及個(gè)人生活中的若干變化，展望未來(lái)生活及如何為此努力。 家鄉(xiāng) 小路T大路 ( 或自擬一點(diǎn)內(nèi)容） 變化 生活 步仃、騎車T乘車、開車 ( 或自擬一點(diǎn)內(nèi)容）: 變化