1、Unit 1 Friendship看看吧單詞 n. German, point, loose, reason, list, feeling, purpose, thunder, power, teenager, advice, situation, editor, habit, series, nature, v. add upset ignore calm concern share dare trust suffer communicate cheat adv. accordingly 短語 add up , calm down , have got to, be concerned ab

2、out, go through, a series of, on purpose , in order to , face to face , according to , get along with, fall in love , join in 句型 1. not until / till 2. should have done 3. It is / was + 被強調部分+ that / who 4. happen to 5. It is / was the first time (that ) 6. have trouble with 7. could never have done

3、 功能 1 態度 2 同意和不同意 3 肯定程度語法 直接引語和間接引語 學學吧Section I warming up 要點解讀 I Add up your score and see how many points you get.把你的分數加起來，看看得分有多少。add up = add together 加起來，合計 Add up these numbers and write down your answer. Cao Chong wrote down the weight of each stone and then _ all the weights.曹沖擊下了每一塊石頭的重量，

4、然后合計了所有石頭的重量。 add 構成的短語歸納：1 add to 加, 往. 添加 If you add 5 to 3, youll get 8. Would you like to add anything to what I have said.2 add to 增加，增添（其賓語多為困難、歡樂、麻煩等抽象名詞） His illness added to the familys trouble.3 add up to 合計達，總共有 His whole income adds up to $ 10 000 a month. 即時操練：1. Please _ the numbers an

5、d Im sure they will _ more than 1000.2. The bad weather _ the difficulty of building the road.3. The soup tastes a little salty, please _ some water to it. A. take B. place C. add D. lay II but your friend cant go until he/ she finishes cleaning the bicycle.但你的朋友直到清洗完自行車才能走。 until prep. & conj.

6、一直到, 直到 才 1. 觀察下列句子： I didnt go downstairs until the window had to be shut. I stayed awake until half past eleven. I waved until her bus was out of sight. 歸納： until 用在肯定句中，其前的謂語動詞為_ 動詞，表示該動作一直持續到until 所引導的時間為止。 until 用在否定句中，其前的謂語動詞為_ 動詞, 譯為“直到才” 2. until 還可用于強調句型“It is / was not until that ”中。It was

7、 not until you explained it to me that I understood the problem.直到你給我解釋了，我才明白這個問題。3. not until 位于句首時，主句使用部分倒裝語序。 Not until he tool off his sunglasses did I recognize him.牛刀小試：試用not until的四種結構完成下面一句話。 他直到午夜才回來(come back)。1. He _ until midnight. 2. He _ until midnight.3. It was _ that he came back. 4.

8、 Not until midnight _ back. III. His friend comes to school very upset. 他的朋友來到學校, 心煩意亂。 upset 為形容詞，“心煩意亂的，不適的”，作伴隨狀語。 upset vt. 使不安, 使心煩, 打翻 He was very upset to hear that the holiday had been put off. He was upset that you didnt reply to his letters. The news quite upset him. He was upset by his so

9、ns accident. Be careful not to upset the glass.即時操練： 1. The news is _, and it makes him _. A. upset; upset B. upsetting; upset C. upsetting; upsetting D. upset; upsetting 2. It still _ him when he thinks about the accident. IV. Ignore the bell and go somewhere quiet to calm your friend down.別管鈴聲，找個安

10、靜的地方去安慰一下你的朋友。 ignore 不理睬，忽視 She can be really angry but I try to ignore her. School rules are ignored by some students.calm down 平靜/平靜下來 She was angry at first but we calmed her down in the end. The sea calmed down after the storm.即時操練： 1. Dennis _ the warning and put his hand into the lions case.

11、2. She sat down and took a few deep breaths to _ herself down. 3. I smiled at her but she just _ me. A. noticed B. looked C. ignored D. caughtV. Youll tell your friend that you are concerned about him /her but you have to go to class. 你告訴你的朋友，你對他/她很關心，但是你得去上課。 be concerned about / for 關心, 掛念 He has

12、never been concerned about what other people think of him. Im a bit _ _ (擔心)your health. be concerned 后面還可以跟that 從句或不定式to do. Arent you concerned (that ) she might tell someone? He was concerned to hear that two of his close workers were leaving.concern vt. 令擔憂，與有關 The state of my fathers health con

13、cerns us greatly= Were greatly concerned about /for the state of my fathers health. It concerns me that he hasnt been well. = I _ that he hasnt been well. Matters of pollution and environment concern us all.= _matters of pollution and environment.be concerned with 與.有關 He was concerned with that mat

14、ter. = That matter concerned him.即時操練：1. You mustnt _ yourself about me. A. think B. concern C. mind D. care 2. The fact that he spends so much money on her own really _ us. A. is concerned about B. is concerned C. concerns D. concerns with 3. Dont worry. This matter doesnt _ you. A. upset B. ignore

15、 C. suffer D. concern4. Do you think he has something to do with the matter?= Do you think he _ _ _ the matter?VI. While walking the dog, you were careless and it got loose and was hit by a car. 遛狗時，你很粗心，狗松開了，被車給撞了。 while walking the dog 是while you were walking the dog 的省略。 觀察下列句子： While staying wit

16、h us, he gave us some good advice. If (it is ) necessary, well have a meeting. While (I was ) in Beijing, I paid a visit to the Summer Palace.He often makes mistakes when (he is ) speaking English. When asked what he was doing at 8 last night, he just didnt answer. 結論： 當when, while, until, if, unles

17、s 等連詞引導的狀語從句的主語與主句的主語_，或從句的主謂部分為_動詞時，從句的主語及謂語（be動詞）可省略。 get loose 中，get 為系動詞，后接形容詞。 It is getting colder and colder. He gets really upset if you talks about his family. Is your cold getting any better? 即時操練：1. _ _(當睡覺時)， he likes to keep the window open.2. _ _(如果有可能)， I will go with you.改錯：3. While

18、worked in the factory, he got along well with his workmates.4. When looking after, the baby never makes noises.VII You will tell him / her that he / she should have studied, so you dont let him / her look at your paper. should have done 表示“過去本應該做某事，而實際上沒做”，含有責備的意味。 You should have come here yesterda

19、y. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I should have written it out for her. shouldnt have done 則意思相反，表示“本不應該做某事，而事實上做了”。 He shouldnt have gone without telling us. It was really rude. Im terribly sorry. I shouldnt have shouted at you.即時操練： 1 The teacher said to Tom: “You _(本該交上) your homework

20、yesterday.”2 _(你本不應該嘲笑他的)，although he didnt pass the test.Section II Pre-reading & Reading要點解讀:I. Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you. 列舉出朋友對你重要的原因。reason 理由、原因 We have no reason to believe him. These are our reasons for doing it. The reason why we were late is that our car d

21、idnt come. reason的用法歸納： 作理由、原因解時，常接：1）+ to do 2) + for 短語，表示“的理由/原因”3）the reason why + 從句+ is that +從句 表示 “的原因是因為”即時操練：1. _ some reason, he didnt attend the meeting but we dont know the reason _ his being absent (缺席).2. The reason _ he was late today was _ he didnt catch the first bus.II. Or are you

22、 afraid that your friend would laugh at you, or just cant understand what you are going through? 要么你擔心你的朋友會嘲笑你，或不理解你所正在經歷的。 go through 的用法： 1）= experience 經歷，遭受。大多指痛苦的事情，這是它在文中的含義。 The country has gone through too many wars. He would go through fire and water for his country. 他愿意為他的祖國赴湯蹈火。 2）look at

23、 carefully 仔細檢查，審查 They went through our luggage at the customs. 在海關，他們仔細檢查了我們的行李。 3）通過，穿過。其賓語常常是立體的東西。 Can the table go through the door? 這張桌子能過得了那扇門嗎？ 4) finish sth. or complete sth. 完成或做完某事 How long will it take you to go through the book? 看完這本書得花費你多長時間？即時操練：1. After what hes _, the children are

24、more kind to him. A. looked through B. got through C. gone through D. let through 2. Remember to go _ the pockets before you put those trousers in the washing machine. 3. We were all happy when we heard that youd _(通過了考試).III. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do. 我

25、不愿像大多數人那樣在日記中記錄下一連串的事實。 1. set down 記下，記載，寫下； 放下，擱下 The telephone number is set down in his notebook. Try to _what the teacher says. The taxi set us down a long way from our hotel, and we had to walk.2. a series of 一連串的，一系列的 There will be a series of football games next month. 下個月將有一連串的足球比賽。 a serie

26、s of meetings / exams / textbooks 一系列的會議/一連串的考試 / 一套教科書 two series of stamps 兩套郵票 溫馨提示 series 的單復數同形IV. I wonder if its because I havent been able to be outdoors for so long that Ive grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. 我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。本句主句為 I wonder if , if 引

27、導的賓語從句是強調句型，被強調的成分是原因狀語從句。1 強調句型 強調句型的構成： It is / was + 被強調部分 + that/ who + 其余部分 對此句的劃線部分進行強調: I came across them in the club two days ago.It was I who came across them in the club two days ago.It was them that I came across in the club two days ago.It was in the club that I came across them two day

28、s ago.It was two days ago that I came across them in the club. 被強調部分也可以是從句。He went back to his hometown when the war was over. It was when the war was over that he went back to his hometown.牛刀小試：分別強調劃線部分：We had a meeting in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who had a meeting in t

29、he meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had in the meeting room yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had a meeting yesterday afternoon. It was _ that / who we had a meeting in the meeting room.溫馨提示：1） 被強調部分是人時，可用that或 who, 其他一律用that。It was he who / that broke the window. I

30、t was during the night that the accident happened.2） 如果被強調的部分是原句的主語，that / who 之后的謂語動詞在人稱和數上與原主語一致。It was I who am wrong. It was he who has helped me. 把此句變為一般疑問句：It was in the club that I came across them two days ago. _ _ in the club _ you came across them two days ago?把此句變為特殊疑問句：It was in the club

31、 that I came across them two days ago. _ _ _ _ you came across them two days ago?總結： 如果原句是一般疑問句，強調結構用“_ _ + 被強調部分 + _ + 其余部分？” 如果原句是特殊以文具，強調結構用“_+ _ _ _ + 其余部分？ ” 再試一把：1）It was her sisters not she who _ to America three times.A. has been B. has gone C. have been D. have gone 2）It was a long time _ t

32、hat he graduated. A. since B. ago C. before D. / 2. everything to do with nature 與自然有關的一切 do with 與.有關 have / be to do with 與.有關, have something / a lot / nothing, etc. to do with 與. 有些 / 有許多 / 毫無關系There is nothing to do with me. Her job has / is to do with telephones. His job has nothing to do with

33、 telephones. His illness has a lot to do with smoking. 3. grow crazy about 變得對某事癡迷 grow 為系動詞，同be, become, go, turnV. I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.我記得很清楚，有那么一段時間，藍藍的天空，鳥兒的歌聲，月光和鮮花不可能使我著迷。 1

34、. I can well remember that 是主句，that 引導的是賓語從句，該賓語從句中， there was a time 是主句，when 引導的是定語從句，修飾time。 2. could not / never have done 表示對過去發生的事情的否定推測。He cant have gone abroad, for I saw him this morning.They could never have been praised by the teacher. They were very naughty. 3 kept me spellbound 為keep +

35、賓語 + 賓語補足語（形容詞/介詞短語/現在分詞/過去分詞）, keep 表示“使處于某狀態/動作”。His words kept us excited all day long. His mother kept them in the room while she was working.即時操練：1. We are living in a time _ many things are done on the computer. A. which B. that C. whose D. when 2. Do you still remember the time _ we lived in

36、the country? A. which B. when C. where D. who 3. I _ have been more than six years old when the accident happened. A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. mustnt D. neednt 4. Dont keep the water _(run) while you brush your teeth.5. All the students are _ doing homework all the time. A. made B. asked C. kept D. fo

37、rcedVI. For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself. 比如，有天晚上天氣很暖和，我熬到11點半故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮。 I stayed awake 是主句，when it was so warm 是時間狀語從句， awake 后的幾個短語均作狀語。 1. stay, turn, go, grow, come 可

38、做系動詞。如：stay healthy / young, turn red, go bad, grow old, come true. 2. on purpose 故意，專門 He broke the windows on purpose. 3. in order to 為了，目的是。 可位于句首或句中。so as to 不能位于句首。 in order that 引導目的狀語從句，不能位于句首。 In order to get up early, he went to bed early. in order to get up early. He went to bed early so a

39、s to get up early. in order that he could get up early.即時操練：1. He _ ill last week and stayed in bed _ he was well A. was; when B. had been; before C. fell; until D. became; although2. He took a good rest _ save energy for the game. A. so that B. in order that C. in order to D. on purpose3. The nurse

40、 looked after the patient carefully _ get well again soon.A. in order to B. so that he could C. so he could D. enough to 4. _ _ _ _ (為了通過) the test, he worked hard day and night. 5. 他是故意把杯子打碎的。He _ _ _ _ _. VII. But as the moon gave far too much light, I didnt dare open a window. 但是由于月光太亮，我不敢打開窗子。da

41、re 此處為行為動詞，后面可跟(to) do, 其否定形式為don t / didnt dare . 其亦可做情態動詞，后面接動詞原形，其否定形式為darent。I didnt dare ask if his dog was any better. Everyone in the office says that he smells terrible, but nobody dares (to) tell him about it.Dare you tell him the news? = Do you dare (to) tell him the news?即時操練：1. I _ how m

42、uch its going to cost. A. darent to think B. dont dare think C. havent dared think D. dare not thinking 2. I will certainly be surprised if he _ to tell them what he know.A. dare B. will dare C. dared D. dares3. Ive got _ work to do on a _ cold day.A. much too, much too B. too much, too much C. too

43、much, much too D. much too, too much4. The sports shoes are _ for me. A. too a little small B. a little small too C. too small a little D. a little too small VIII. Another time some months ago, I happened to be upstairs one evening when the window was open. = Another time some months ago, it happene

44、d that I was upstairs one evening when the window was open. happen 碰巧When I went to visit him, he happened to be going out. = When I went to visit him, _ _ _ he was going out.He happened to have been abroad. = It happened that he _ _ _.歸納：happen 作“碰巧”解時，常見結構為： happen to do / be doing / have done som

45、ething It (so) happens (happened) that IX. The dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds held me entirely in their power; it was the first time in a year and a half that Id seen the night face to face. 漆黑的夜晚，風吹雨打，雷電交加，我全然被這種力量鎮住了，這是一年半以來我第一次目睹夜晚。 第一個分句的主語較長，四個名詞做并列主語，hold 意為“抓住、控制”1. It i

46、s / was the first time (that) have / had 是固定句式，it 可換成this 或that ,first 也可換成second, third 等序數詞, that 后的從句時態必須用現在完成時或過去完成時。It is the first time that I have seen such a big watermelon.That was the second time that I _ _ to Europe.(那是我第二次去歐洲)2face to face 面對面地，為名詞短語，在句中作狀語。類似的短語還有：hand in hand 手挽手, arm

47、in arm 臂挽臂, shoulder by shoulder 肩并肩 She stood face to face with him.face-to-face 則是復合形容詞，在句中作定語，意為“面對面的”。 We must have a face-to-face struggle against the enemy.即時操練：1. We have never met her _. Weve only talked on the phone.A. face to face B. hand in hand C. voice to voice D. back to back2. It is t

48、he first time that Chinese villagers _ a DV camera.(take up)Section III Learning about language & using languageI. She suffered from loneliness, but she had to learn to like it there. suffer vt. “遭受，蒙受，受到”，其賓語一般是loss（損失）, pain （痛苦）, punishment（懲罰）, defeat（失敗）等。 She suffered the loss of her stude

49、nts respect. 他失去了學生對他的尊重。 During the war they suffered many hardships. 他們在戰爭期間吃了許多苦頭。 vi. “受苦，受損失，受折磨”， She suffers terribly in the winter when its cold. I think he suffers quite a lot when his wife left him.suffer from “患 病, 受苦”She has been suffering from cancer for two yearsII. Ive got tired of lo

50、oking at nature through dirty curtains and dusty windows.我討厭通過骯臟的窗簾和積滿灰塵的窗戶觀看外面的自然景色。 get / be tired of 對.厭煩 get tired of側重厭煩的動作， be tired of 側重厭煩的狀態。 The boy is tired of the tiring speech.III. Im having some trouble with my classmates at the moment. 現在我與同學之間出了點麻煩。在have trouble with 或have trouble (i

51、n) doing sth.中，trouble是不可數名詞 Weve never had much trouble with traffic around here. I have some trouble (in) reading his handwriting.IV. Im getting along well with a boy in my class. 我和我班的一個男孩相處得很好。 get along /on with 進展(如何)；與某人相處。 其后可用well, nicely, badly 等修飾語。 Im getting along well with my study at

52、school. - How are you getting along with your news classmates? - Very well.V. They say that this boy and I have fallen in love.他們說這個男孩已和我相愛了。 fall in love with sb. 為非延續性動詞短語，在肯定句中不能與表示一段時間的時間狀語連用。be in love with sb. 屬于狀態動詞短語，動作可以延續。fall in love with sb. = begin to be in love with sb. They fell in love with each other at first sight, and they have been in love with each other ever since.VI. Join in peoples discussion. 參加人們的討論。 join sb. / the