1、整理ppt定語從句定語從句整理ppt1定語從句定語從句：2先行詞先行詞：3關系詞關系詞：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。：引導定語從句的詞叫關系詞。關系詞通常有下列三個關系詞通常有下列三個作用作用：修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它語從句。定語從句一般緊跟在它所修飾的先行詞之后。所修飾的先行詞之后。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。被定語從句修飾的詞叫先行詞。關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞。關系代詞有that,which,who,whom,whose,as等；關系副詞有等；關系副詞有when,where,why等。等。A、

2、引導定語從句；、引導定語從句；B、代替先行詞；、代替先行詞；C、在定、在定語從句中擔當一個成分。語從句中擔當一個成分。 整理ppt關系代詞的一般用法關系代詞的一般用法先行詞是人，在從句中作主語用who，作賓語用whom或who，作定語用whose；先行詞是物，在定語從句中作主語或賓語都用which，作定語用of which或whose均可。在限制性定語從句中which, who, whom都可用that代替。關系代詞作賓語時常被省略。整理pptThis is the man _helped me yesterday. The teacher (_) you want to see is com

3、ing. I met a boy _father was a astronaut. Here is the coat _will be made to you. This is the factory (_) we visited last year. He has a book _ cover (=the cover_) is very beautiful. whowho/whom/thatwhosewhich/thatwhich/thatwhoseof which（作定語）（作定語）(作主語)(作see的賓語，可以省略)(作定語)(作主語）(作visited的賓語，可以省略)整理ppt關系

4、副詞的一般用法關系副詞的一般用法關系副詞有when, where, why，在定語從句中作狀語，分別表示時間、地點和原因。when的先行詞通常是time, day, season, age, occasion等時間名詞；where的先行詞通常是place, city, town, village, house, case, situation, scenes等地點或情形名詞；why的先行詞只能是reason。關系副詞when和where有時可用“介詞which”代替，why可用for which代替。整理pptThere are occasions _ one must yield. （屈服）

5、Beijing is the place _ I was born.Is this the reason _ he refused our offer?when (=on which)where (=in which)why (=for which)注意注意：先行詞雖然是時間或地點，但若：先行詞雖然是時間或地點，但若在定語在定語從句中作主語或賓語時，要用關系代詞。整理ppt(1)The factory _his father worked has closed. 比較：The factory _was built in 1978 has closed. (2) Ill never forget

6、 the days _ we lived together. 比較：Ill never forget the days (_) we spent in Australia. (3) The reason (_) she was ill was that she had eaten bad meat. 比較：The reason (_ ) he gave for his absence was obviously fabricated. where(作狀語)which/that(作主語)when(作狀語)that(作及物動詞spent的賓語)why(作狀語，用關系副詞)that(作gave的賓語

7、，用關系代詞)整理ppt在定語從句中，關系代詞 which 和 that 都可指物，一般情況下，可以互換使用。但在下列情況下值得注意：只能用只能用that而不能用而不能用which的情形的情形(1) 當先行詞為：all, little, few, much, none 及 some-, any-, no-, every- 與 thing 所組成的復合單詞時，只能用that。如：There is nothing that will stop us making progress.(2)當先行詞前面有當先行詞前面有only,some,any,no,every,little,few,much,all

8、,very等形容詞修飾時，只能等形容詞修飾時，只能用用that。如：。如：This is the only problem that we cant work out. 整理ppt(3) 當先行詞由形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時，當先行詞由形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時，只能用只能用that。如：。如：This is the most interesting book that I have ever read. (4) 當先行詞同時包括人和物時，只能用當先行詞同時包括人和物時，只能用that。如：。如：Luxun and his works that we are familiar with a

9、re considered great. (5) 當先行詞在當先行詞在主句中作表語時，只能用that。如：This is a book that I have been looking for since last week. (6) 當主句是以 which 開頭的特殊疑問句時，只能用 that。如：Which is the picture that you drew yesterday? 整理ppt只能用只能用which而不能用而不能用that的情形的情形(1)當非限制性定語當非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指物時，只能用 which。如： The pencil-case, which I bou

10、ght last week, is missing. (2)關系代詞前面有介詞時，只能用which。如：The tree under which we used to take a rest has been cut down. (3)先行詞為代詞先行詞為代詞that或或that所修飾時，只能用所修飾時，只能用which。如：。如：I dont take that which is too expensive. 整理pptwho (whom) 和和that的用法區別詳解的用法區別詳解 在定語從句中，關系代詞who (whom) 和that都可指人和物，在一般情況下，可以互換使用，一、用一、用w

11、ho (whom) 而不用而不用that的情形的情形(1) 在在非限制性定語從句中的先行詞指人時，只能用who (whom)。如：My sister, who is studying abroad, sent me a beautiful present just before this Christmas. (2) 當定語當定語從句對指人的先行詞進行隔位修飾時，只能用who (whom)。如：Do you know the girl in front of the blackboard who is speaking to the students? (3) 當先行詞為當先行詞為people

12、和和those時，只能用時，只能用who (whom)。Those who want to go there come here please. 整理ppt(4)當先行詞為當先行詞為one,ones,anyone,everyone,none,all(指人指人)時，只能用時，只能用who(whom)。如：。如：Anyone who is against us is our enemy. (5)先行詞指人，而先行詞指人，而關系代詞在從句中作主語時，一般多用who。如：The man who came here yesterday said he would come again in a few

13、days. (6)在there be句型中名詞的定語從句多用who (whom)。There are students in our class who / whom you have met. (7)當句子中有兩個指人的現行詞分別帶有兩個定語從句時，若一個定語從句的引導詞為that, 那么，另一個定語從句的引導詞必定為who。如：The boy that you met just now is Li Mings brother who just graduated from a university. 整理ppt二、用二、用that 而不用而不用who (whom)的情形的情形(1) 當先行

14、詞前面有形容詞的最高級或序數詞修飾時，引導詞只能用that。如：The tallest player that plays football for our team is from Shandong. (2) 當當先行詞前面有only, some, any, no, every, little, few, much, all, very等詞修飾時，引導詞只能用that。如：He is the only student that said “no” to the teacher. (3) 當主句是以當主句是以who開頭的特殊疑問句時，引導詞開頭的特殊疑問句時，引導詞只能用只能用that。如：。

15、如：Who is woman that you talked with just now? 整理ppt(4)thesameas與與the same thatthe same as所引導定語從句的內容與先行詞同類而不同物；the same that表示所引導的從句內容與先行詞同類同物，即：同一事物。如：She is wearing the same coat that I lost a few days ago. She is wearing the same coat as I lost a few days ago.整理ppt限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句的區別限制性定語從句和非限制性定語

16、從句的區別整理ppt非限制性定語從句非限制性定語從句應注意以下幾點：應注意以下幾點：整理ppt一、 非限制性定語從句通常不能用that引導。如： 1. I like the book, which was bought yesterday. 我喜歡這本書，這是昨天買的。 2. I like the book which / that was bought yesterday. 我喜歡昨天買的那本書。 二、 非限制性定語從句不能用why引導。要用for which代替why。如： 1. I had told them the reason, for which I didnt attend th

17、e meeting. 我已經把理由告訴了他們，為此我沒有去開會。 2. I had told them the reason why I didnt attend the meeting. 我告訴了他們我不去開會的理由。(限制性定語從句“the reason why.”是常見搭配。) 整理ppt三、 非限制性定語從句置于句首時，不能用which引導。關系代詞as引導非限制性定語從句位置比較靈活，可以放主句前，也可以放主句后。如： 1. As I expected, he didnt believe me. 正如我所預料的，他不相信我。 2. She heard a terrible noise

18、, which brought her heart into her mouth. 她聽到一個可怕的聲音，這讓她把心都提到嗓子眼了。 整理ppt四、 非限制性定語從句由“介詞+關系代詞”引導時，其中的關系代詞不能用as。如： 1. He bought the car for more than $20,000, with which his father was angry. 他花兩萬多美元買了這輛車，他父親對此很生氣。 2. I finished my work ahead of time, after which I sat some time reading the newspaper.

19、 我提前干完了我的活，隨后我坐著看了一會兒報紙。 整理ppt五、 在非限制性定語從句中，指人的關系代詞作賓語時，只能用賓格whom; 不能用who替換，也不能省略。如： 1. Do you know Tom, whom we talked about? 你認識湯姆嗎? 我們談到過他。 2. This book, which you can get at any bookshop, will give you all the information you need. 這本書會給你提供所有你需要的資料，它在任何一家書店都能買到。(非限制性定語從句中引導詞在從句中作賓語，無論指人還是指物都不能省略

20、。) 整理ppt六 Which可指前面整個句子。 The sun sends out light and heat, which makes it possible for living things to exist on the earth.太陽發出光和熱，這使得生物能夠在地球上生存。 His father is an engineer, _ makes him very proud. for what . which . that . what整理ppt2.Theweatherturnedouttobeverygood,_wasmorethanwecouldexpect.A.whenB.

21、whichC.thatD.itwhich可代替句子可代替句子,用于非限定性定語用于非限定性定語從句從句,而而what不可。不可。that不能用于非限定不能用于非限定性定語從句性定語從句,it不為連詞不為連詞,使由逗號連接的使由逗號連接的兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。兩個句子并在一起在英語語法上行不通。B整理pptas與與which引導非限制性定語引導非限制性定語從句從句的區別的區別 這類定語從句只能由 which 或 as 引導。兩者之間的區別在于：1.which引導的定語從句只能位于主句后，但as引導的從句可位于主句前、中、后。如：David, as you know, is a photograopher. (不可用which)As is often the case, Li Ming is late. (不可用which)2.as在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語通常要有be或別的系動詞，但which不受此限制。如：Li Ming was late, which (=