1、WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌環球雅思教育學科教師講義講義編號： _ 副校長 / 組長簽字：簽字日期：學員編號：年級：課時數：學員XX：輔導科目：學科教師：課題虛擬語氣及倒裝授課日期及時段教學目的學會虛擬語氣固定構造及倒裝用法重難點辨析應用倒裝的適當情況【考綱說明】虛擬語氣和倒裝的考察一般出現在單項選擇和完成句子中，需要學會應用根本句型。【知識梳理】虛擬語氣一、語氣英語中的語氣分為三類：陳述語氣用于陳述句、疑問句、感慨句祈使語氣用于祈使句虛擬語氣用于條件狀語從句、賓語從句等二、虛擬語氣如果所說的不是事實，而是一種假設、愿望、建議或是一種實現不了的空想，就用虛擬語氣。三、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀

2、語從句中的用法1、真實條件狀語從句與非真實條件狀語從句Eg ： If he doesn t hurry up, he will miss the bus.(真實條件狀語)： If I were you, I would go at once.非真實條件狀語從句：If there was no air, people would die.非真實條件狀語從句2、虛擬語氣在非真實條件狀語從句中的用法及動詞形式專業資料整理WORD格式1專業資料整理WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌表示與現在事實相反的情況If I were you, I d take an umbrella.如果我是你，我會帶把傘。If

3、 I had any money with me, I could lend you some.如果我帶錢了，我就會借給你些。表示與過去事實相反的情況Eg： If I had got there earlier, I should/could have met her.如果我早到那兒，我就會見到她。If he had taken my advice, he would not have made such a mistake.如果他聽我的勸告的話，就不會犯這樣的錯誤了。事實：沒有聽我的話表示對將來情況的主觀推測可能相反或可能性很小Eg： If he would come here tomorr

4、ow, I should/would talk to him.如果他哪天來這兒的話，我就跟他談談。事實：來的可能性很小If there were a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.如果下周日下大雪，我們就不能去滑冰了 . 事實：不知能否下雪四、虛擬語氣的其他用法1、虛擬語氣用在wish后的賓語從句a、表示與現在事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞用過去式eg: I wish I had your brains.我希望我有你那樣的頭腦。( 事實：我根本比不上你)b、表示過去事實相反的愿望，謂語動詞：had+v-edeg: I wish I h

5、ad known the truth of the matter.我希望我原來知道這件事的真相。c、表示將來難以實現的愿望,謂語動詞：should/would +動詞原形.eg: I wish I should have a chance again.很難再有這樣的時機了。2、虛擬語氣用在 suggest( 建議 ) 、insist( 堅持 ) 、demand(要求 ) 、order( 命令 ) 等動詞后的賓語從句中，從句的謂語動詞都用：“ should + 動詞原形或只用“動詞原形。如 He suggested/ insisted/ordered/demandthat we (should)

6、 take the teacher s advice.從句謂語動詞形式主句謂語動詞形式與現在事實相反If+ 主語 +did主語+should/would/might/could+do與過去事實相反If+ 主語 +had done主語+should/would/might/could+have done+were對將來的推測If+ 主語 + did主句+should/would /might /could+動詞原形+ were to do倒裝一倒裝句之全部倒裝全部倒裝是只將句子中的謂語動詞全部置于主語之前。此構造通常只用與一般現在時和一般過去時。常見的構造有：1) here, there, no

7、w, then, thus等副詞置于句首,謂語動詞常用be, come, go, lie, run。There goes the bell.Then came the chairman.Here is your letter.2) 表示運動方向的副詞或地點狀語置于句首，謂語表示運動的動詞。Out rushed a missile from under the bomber.Ahead sat an old woman.注意：上述全部倒裝的句型構造的主語必須是名詞，如果主語是人稱代詞那么不能完全倒裝。Here he comes.Away they went.二倒裝句之局部倒裝專業資料整理WORD

8、格式2專業資料整理WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌局部倒裝是指將謂語的一局部如助動詞或情態倒裝至主語之前。如果句中的謂語沒有助動詞或情態動詞，那么需添加助動詞 do, does 或 did ，并將其置于主語之前。1。句首為否認或半否認的詞語，如no, not,never,seldom,little,hardly,at no time,in no way, not until,等。Never have I seen such a performance.Nowhere will you find the answer to this question.Not until the child fe

9、ll asleep did the mother leave the room.當 Not until 引出主從復合句，主句倒裝，從句不倒裝。注意：如否認詞不在句首不倒裝。I have never seen such a performance.The mother didn't leave the room until the child fell asleep.典型例題1) Why can't I smoke here?At no time_ in the meeting-roomA. is smoking permittedB.smoking is permittedC.

10、 smoking is it permittedD.does smoking permit2 Not until the early years of the 19th century _ what heat is.A. man did knowB. man knowC. didn't man knowD. did man know2. 。以否認詞開頭作局部倒裝如 Not only,but also, Hardly/Scarcely,when, No sooner,thanNot only did he refuse the gift, he also severely critici

11、zed the sender.Hardly had she gone out when a student came to visit her.No sooner had she gone out than a student came to visit her.典型例題No sooner_ than it began to rain heavily.A. the game beganB.has the game begunC. did the game beginD.had the game begun注意：只有當Not only ,butalso 連接兩個分句時，才在第一個分句用倒裝構造。

12、如果置于句首的Not only ,butalso 僅連接兩個并列詞語，不可用倒裝構造。Not only you but also I am fond of music.3。 so, neither, nor作局部倒裝表示 " 也 " 、 " 也不 "的句子要局部倒裝。Tom can speak French. So can Jack.If you won't go, neither will I.典型例題-Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?-I don't know, _.A. nor

13、 don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also注意：當so引出的句子用以對上文內容加以證實或肯定時，不可用倒裝構造。意為" 確實如此 " 。Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.-It's raining hard.-So it is.4。 only在句首要倒裝的情況Only in this way, can you learn English well.Only after being

14、 asked three times did he come to the meeting.專業資料整理WORD格式3專業資料整理WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌如果句子為主從復合句，那么主句倒裝，從句不倒裝Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.5。 as, though引導的倒裝句as / though引導的讓步從句必須將表語或狀語提前形容詞,副詞,分詞,實義動詞提前。注意：1) 句首名詞不能帶任何冠詞。2) 句首是實義動詞 , 其他助動詞放在主語后。如果實義動詞有賓語和狀語,隨實義動詞一起放在主語之前。Try har

15、d as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.注意 :讓步狀語從句中，有though ， although時，后面的主句不能有but ，但是 though和yet可連用。6。其他局部倒裝1) so , that 句型中的 so 位于句首時，需倒裝。So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.2) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中：May you all be happy.3)在虛擬語氣條件句中從句謂語動詞有were, had, should等詞，可將i

16、f省略，把were, had, should移到主語之前，采取局部倒裝。Were I you, I would try it again.典型例題：1 Not until the early years of the 19th century_ what heat isA. man did knowB. man knewC. didn't man knowD. did man know2 Not until I began to work _ how much time I had wasted.A. didn't I realizeB. did I realizeC. I d

17、idn't realizeD. I realize3) Do you know Tom bought a new car?I don't know, _.A. nor don't I careB. nor do I careC. I don't care neitherD. I don't care also【經典例題】1、 If I _ you, I would take an umbrella.A. wasB. wereC. am2.He gave orders that the experiment _ before 5:30pm.A. be fi

18、nishedB. will finishC. must be finished3.If I knew his telephone number, I _ youA, would tellB. would have told C. told4.Without the leadership of the Party, there _no New China.A. would beB. has beenC. should beD. was5.The young man insisted that he _ free.專業資料整理WORD格式4專業資料整理WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌A. setB

19、. should be setC. should setD. must be set6.If I had got there earlier, I _ her.A. could metB. could have metC. can meetD. must meet7.If there _ a heavy snow next Sunday, we would not go skating.A. would beB. wereC. would have been D. was8.He suggested that they _ use trick instead of fighting.A. sh

20、ouldB. wouldC. doD. had9.I would have gone to the meeting, if I _ time.A. had hadB. have hadC. would have hadD. had10.I enjoyed the movie very much, I wish I _ the book from which it was made.A. had readB. have readC. should have hadD. am reading11. I really hate to go to such a noisy place. _.A. So

21、 am IB. So do IC. So have ID. So can I12. I can t play the piano, and _.A. neither can my sisterB. my sister cant, tooC. so can t my sisterD. can my sister, either13 His father likes keeping dogs and.A.so is his motherB.so his mother doesC.so does his mother14. I m not going swimming tomorrow aftern

22、oon. _. I have to clean up my bedroom.A. So am IB. Neither am IC. Neither I am D. So I am15. It s snowing so heavily! I prefer to stay at home and read a novel. _. I hate going out on such a cold day!A. So do IB. So I doC. Neither do I16. Lily and I will go to the old people s home this weekend. _.A

23、. So will IB. So I willC. So do I17.If you go to the theater this evening, so _ I.A.willB.shouldC,doD.am18. Mary likes playing basketball very much. _.A.So does AmyB.So Amy isC.So Amy does19. I don t like documentaries. _.A. So do IB. So I doC. Neither do ID.Either do I20. Would you like to go to th

24、e amusement park? If Jack does, _.A.I go, tooB.so will Ic.neither will ID.so do I專業資料整理WORD格式5專業資料整理WORD格式中國教育培訓領軍品牌【課堂練習】1. We have never been to Mexico, what about Jeff? _. He hopes to visit it some day.A.Neither has heB.Neither does heC.So has heD.So does he2. Tom loves his classmates and teacher

25、s. _.A.So do IB.So I doC.Neither do I3.I didn't know his telephone number. _ it， I _ then.A. Had I known， would ring him upB. Should I know， would have rung him upC. If I knew； would ring him upD. Had I known； would have rung him up4.Mary is ill today. If she _， she _ absent from school.A. were not ill， wouldn't beB. had been ill， wouldn't have beenC. had been ill， should have beenD. hadn't