1、.Annual straw consumption is about 300 (15x20) million tons to 450 (15x30) million tonnes. Around each plant to town for curing Center straw briquette factory, about 30, curing each straw briquette factory production capacity of 10,000 tons per year, production of major products supply power plants

2、and the rest as ordinary fuel. Chapter III, section I industry investment analysis investment benefit analysis, industry profitability industry benchmark yield to 12%, more than a moderate level of profitability, have higher profitability. Secondly, solvency, with good profitability and, hence, have

3、 enough liquidity. Three biomass energy resource in China, industry growth prospects are very experienced and bright prospects for development of biomass power generation industry. On one hand, the sown area of 1.8 billion mu of crops, the year produces 700 million tons of matter. Apart from the par

4、ts used in papermaking and livestock feed, and the rest will be done fuel use. The other hand, Chinas current forest area of about 175 million hectares, the forest coverage rate of 18.21%, every year through normal Bush stumping rejuvenation, forest thinning, hedgerow fruit trees and the collection

5、of forest felling, bucking, processing residues, biomass resources available at about 800 million to 1 billion tons. Theory of biomass energy resource in China close to 1.5 billion tons of standard coal. By 2020, the biomass energy development and utilization of capacity of 500 million tons of stand

6、ard coal, equivalent to more than 15% supplies. And extremely low sulphur content of the biomass 0.3%, 1/4 not to the sulphur content of the coal. Development of biomass solid fuels, implement coal alternatives, significantly reduces the carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions, have a significan

7、t environmental benefit. Second section industry investment opportunities for promoted health material energy of steadily development, September 2006, Treasury, and national development and Reform Committee, and Ministry of agriculture, and national tax General, and national forestry Council joint i

8、ntroduced has on development biological quality energy and biological chemical tax support policy of implementation views, in risk avoid and compensation, and raw materials base grants, and model grants, and tax relief, aspects for development biological quality energy and biological chemical develo

9、ped has specific of tax support policy. In addition, since the renewable energy law came into effect on January 1, 2006, making a complete set of administrative rules and regulations also promulgated. On October 4, 2006 of the Ministry of the interim measures for the administration of special funds

10、for renewable energy development, the approach of special funds to support key, application and approval, financial management, checking and supervision of comprehensive provisions. The regulations: development of special funds established by the financial departments of the State Council, the use o

11、f special funds for the development include free grants and subsidized loans, through the central financial budget. According to the role of biomass energy and the countrys status quo, is currently focused on the development of the project are as follows: (1) recent development priorities: biomass g

12、asification and gas, biomass gasification power generation, large biogas, biomass direct combustion heating (2) medium-and long-term development projects: height of biomass gasification power generation project (BIG/CC), the production of hydrogen from biomass such as resource in China close to 1.5

13、billion tons of standard coal. By 2020, the biomass energy development and utilization of capacity of 500 million tons of standard coal, equivalent to more than 15% supplies. And extremely low sulphur content of the biomass 0.3%, 1/4 not to the sulphur content of the coal. Development of biomass sol

14、id fuels, implement coal alternatives, significantly reduces the carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide emissions, have a significant environmental benefit. Second section industry investment opportunities for promoted health material energy of steadily development, September 2006, Treasury, and national

15、 development and Reform Committee, and Ministry of agriculture, and national tax General, and national forestry Council joint introduced has on development biological quality energy and biological chemical tax support policy of implementation views, in risk avoid and compensation, and raw materials

16、base grants, and model grants, and tax relief, aspects for development biological quality energy and biological chemical developed has specific of tax support policy. In addition, since the中大網校引領成功職業人生 2010年公路工程造價師技術與計量(土建)練習試題總分：100分 及格：60分 考試時間：120分共40題，每題1分。每題的備選答案中，只有一個最符合題意(1)材料構造越密實、越均勻，則其（）。(

17、2)當路線經過地形平坦地區，地面水或淺層地下水無法排除影響地基穩定，而下面又有透水土層時，可設置（）。(3)鉆孔灌注樁基礎中的摩擦樁，如無沖刷時，其人土深度不得小于（）(若有沖屆時，其入土深度應自局部沖刷線算起)。(4)水泥混凝土路面的橫向縮縫采用（）。(5)高速公路、一級公路路基零填及挖方地段，路床頂面以下3080cm的路基壓實度應不小于（）。(6)鉆孔灌注樁灌注混凝土的高程，應（）。(7)材料的密度是指材料在（）狀態下單位體積的質量。(8)橋涵工程鋼筋采用搭接式電弧焊接時，單面焊的焊縫長度應不小于（）。(9)根據FIDIC通用合同條款第171款第4項第3目規定，由監理工程師派出人員單方面進

18、行的工程計量，經監理工程師批準的應認為是正確的工程計量，可以用作支付的依據，承包人對此種計量（）。(10)修建鉆孔灌注樁群樁基礎時，其承臺的厚度宜不小于（）。(11)按照公路工程技術標準(JTG B01-2003)的分類標準，中橋指單孔跨徑長度L0為（）。(12)道路交通主標志分為（）種。(13)（）沉樁法適用于碎石土基礎。(14)埋置式橋臺適用于（）的橋梁。(15)作為路基的最理想填方材料是（）。(16)適用于梁、板橋的柱式、框架式、肋型埋置式橋臺?由（）組成。(17)垂直圖的缺點不包括（）。(18)定額中所指的鉆孔長度應為（）。(19)公路路基的強度是指路基在（）作用下，抵抗變形破壞的能力

19、。(20)按照公路工程技術標準(JTG B01-2003)的分類標準，中橋指多孑L跨徑總長為（）。(21)在瀝青面層與半剛性基層或粒料基層之間應設置（）。(22)在公路工程計量中，質量的計量單位正確的是（）。(23)試樁不論是檢驗荷載或破壞荷載，均以經監理人驗收或認可的（）試樁計量。(24)橋面鋪裝的作用是（）。(25)級配碎石路面屬于（）。(26)建筑材料按其化學組成可分為（）。(27)防眩設施工程計量中中，下列敘述錯誤的是（）。(28)挖孔灌注樁的挖孔深度不宜大于（）。(29)構造物在上部荷重和結構形式差別很大處或下部地基承載力變化懸殊處，應設置（）。(30)纜索護欄屬于（）。(31)高等

20、級公路常用的涵洞結構形式有（）種。(32)下列（）屬于公路路基防護與加固工程中的坡面防護。(33)鉆孔灌注樁水下混凝土每立方米的水泥用量，一般宜不小于（）。(34)按現行規范，開配瀝青混合料的設計空隙率為（）。(35)網絡圖中的虛箭線表示（）。(36)高速公路和一級公路下路床的壓實度不小于（）。(37)（）是一種傳統的施工方法。它是以木或鋼構件作為臨時支撐，待隧道開挖成型后，逐步將臨時支撐撤換下來，而代之以整體式厚襯砌作為永久性支護的施工方法。(38)高速公路和一級公路在需要時，設置的爬坡車道和變速車道寬度應為（）。(39)高速、一級公路填方路基在路床頂面以下深度080cm及零填及挖方路床頂面

21、以下030cm的填料的最大粒徑為（）cm。(40)橋涵工程鋼筋采用搭接式電弧焊接時，雙面焊的焊縫長度應不小于（）。共20題，每題1.5分。每題的備選答案中，有兩個或兩個以上符合題；錯選，不得分；少選，但選擇正確的每個選項得0.5分(1)無機結合料穩定類基層所用的無機結合材料，目前常用的是（）。(2)公路與鐵路平面交叉，設計時應符合下列（）要求。(3)瀝青混合料高溫穩定性評價方法有（）。(4)當采用不同性質的土填筑路基時，正確的填筑方式應滿足（）要求。(5)高速公路和一級公路熱拌瀝青混合料的配合比設計包括（）。(6)在隧道的新奧法施工中，對洞身的開挖爆破技術有（）。(7)下列（）是施工組織規劃設

22、計的內容。(8)計量時監理工程師還應完成的工作有（）。(9)橋涵基礎施工圍堰中，（）適用于水深4.0m以上的工程。(10)計量必須做到（）。(11)拱橋中常用的拱架有（）。(12)在靠近城鎮人煙稠密地區、著名風景區和旅游區，一般選用（）隔離柵。(13)路面排水設施的組成有（）。(14)下列（）屬于公路工程的臨時工程(即常稱為大型臨時工程)。(15)對水泥混凝土路面路面的基本要求是（）。(16)軟土處治措施中的砂墊層往往與其他處治措施配合使用，如（）。(17)常用的地下排水體有（）。(18)繪制雙代號網絡圖的基本規則包括（）。(19)工程計量的組織類型一般有（）。(20)對于濕處挖基應考慮排水問

23、題，較常用的方法有（）。共30題，每題1分。請根據判斷結果，用“”表示正確，用“”表示錯誤。不答不得分。(1)提高路基的強度和穩定性，可適當地減薄路面結構層厚度，從而達到降低造價的目的。 （）(2)壓實質量以壓實度K表示，即工地最大干密度與干密度之比。（）(3)中間帶由兩側路緣帶及中央分隔帶組成。（）(4)公路工程施工組織方式中的流水作業法是指同一專業隊或作業班組，完成一個工程項目之后，再接著去完成另一個同類工程項目。（）(5)新奧法的基本理論依據是，隧道開挖后受爆破影響，造成圍巖體破裂形成松弛狀態，隨時都有可能塌落。（）(6)煤瀝青不宜用于瀝青面層，一般僅作為透層瀝青使用。（）(7)砂粒式瀝

24、青混凝土混合料僅適用于通行非機動車及行人的路面工程。（）(8)當其他等級公路修建高級路面時，其路基壓實度應采用高速公路、一級公路的規定值。 （）(9)水泥混凝土路面的橫向縮縫、脹縫和橫向施工縫均應設置傳力桿。（）(10)級配碎石、填隙碎石適用于各級公路路面的基層和底基層。（）(11)新奧法施工的基本原則可以歸納為“少擾動、早支撐、慎撤換、快襯砌”。（）(12)一級公路與其他各級公路交叉宜采用立體交叉。（）(13)河床鋪砌、順壩、丁壩、調水壩及錐坡砌筑等工程及拋石防護，應分別按圖紙尺寸和監理人的指示，按實際完成并經驗收的數量，以立方米計量。（）(14)預應力連續梁橋的施工方法，一般采用預制安裝和

25、轉體施工方法較多。（）(15)高速公路，一、二級公路的排水墊層應鋪至路基同寬，以利于路面結構排水，保持路基穩定。三、四級公路的墊層寬度可比底基層每側至少寬25cm。（）(16)工序的總時差為零，而其自由時差不一定為零。（）(17)混凝土強度等級是指邊長為15cm的立方體混凝土試塊，在標準養護條件下，養護28天的抗壓極限強度。（）(18)施工組織設計是編制工程造價的依據。（）(19)在公路基本建設工程中，需要設置的大型拌和站有：廠拌穩定土、瀝青混合料和水泥混凝土拌和站三種。（）(20)梁式橋標準跨徑是指以兩個橋墩中線之間的距離或橋墩中線與臺背前緣之間的距離。（）(21)公路不僅要有平順的線形、和

26、緩的縱坡，而且要有穩定堅實的路基、平整耐用的路面、牢固可靠的人工構造物，以及其他必要的防護工程和附屬設施。（）(22)單孔跨徑5m的鋼筋混凝土蓋板式結構，屬于涵洞范圍。（）(23)無論通常和當地的習慣如何(除非合同中另有規定)，計量必須以凈值為準。（）(24)目前我國的公路路面，絕大多數均屬柔性路面，如瀝青混凝土路面。（）(25)公路路基斷面土、石方計算中，除扣除橋梁、隧道等構造物段的工程量外，還應扣除路面結構層的等量工程量。（）(26)瀝青面層不得在雨天施工，當施工中遇雨時，應停止施工。（）(27)鉆孔灌注樁水中施工，無論是否采用圍堰筑島，均按水中樁計量。（）(28)瀝青貫人式路面屬于鋪裝路

27、面。（）(29)路床指路面底面以下80cm范圍內路基部分。（）(30)噴射混凝土有干法噴射和濕法噴射兩種，應注意做好材料的回收利用。（）答案和解析共40題，每題1分。每題的備選答案中，只有一個最符合題意(1) :B(2) :D(3) :A(4) :A(5) :D(6) :A(7) :C(8) :B(9) :D(10) :C(11) :C(12) :C(13) :C(14) :C(15) :D(16) :B(17) :B(18) :D(19) :B(20) :D(21) :A(22) :C(23) :A(24) :C(25) :B(26) :A(27) :C(28) :C(29) :B(30)

28、:D(31) :A(32) :C(33) :B(34) :D(35) :D(36) :A(37) :A(38) :C(39) :B(40) :A共20題，每題1.5分。每題的備選答案中，有兩個或兩個以上符合題；錯選，不得分；少選，但選擇正確的每個選項得0.5分(1) :A, B, C, D(2) :A, B, C(3) :A, B, C, D(4) :A, C, D(5) :A, B, D(6) :A, C(7) :B, C, D(8) :A, B, C, D, E(9) :B, C(10) :A, B, C, D(11) :A, C, D(12) :B, D(13) :A, B, C, D(

29、14) :C, D(15) :A, B, C, D(16) :A, B(17) :A, B, C(18) :C, D(19) :C, D, E(20) :A, D共30題，每題1分。請根據判斷結果，用“”表示正確，用“”表示錯誤。不答不得分。(1) :0(2) :0(3) :1(4) :0(5) :0(6) :1(7) :0(8) :1(9) :0(10) :0(11) :0(12) :0(13) :1(14) :0(15) :1(16) :0(17) :1(18) :1(19) :1(20) :1(21) :1(22) :0(23) :1(24) :1(25) :0(26) :1(27) :

30、0(28) :0(29) :1(30) :1#；Added. Finally, foreign investment risk, there are also opportunities. Financial crisis caused the stock and corporate bond prices plummeted, early Chinese banks foreign exchange assets in the foreign exchange reserves investment and losses, but at present the international p

31、rices of many financial assets in a low, to promote foreign mergers and acquisitions in China and promoting enterprise going out diversified cooperation, actively explore overseas resources and markets and opportunities. Meanwhile, in response to the adverse impact of world economic crisis on China,

32、 the State Council announced 10 measures to expand domestic demand and promote growth over the next two years the implementation of these measures will take about 4 trillion yuan central budget support. The 4 trillion yuan investment has an inkling, transportation, forestry, water conservancy, peopl

33、es livelihood, environmental protection and other areas will be skewed. Increased investment will play a significant role in promoting Chinas economic growth, at the same time, there should be other pro-growth measures rolled out. A series of positive measures by the State and function of 4 trillion

34、 the Central Treasury, our economy will be sustained, stable and rapid development gradually. Section II market analysis of technical feasibility of biomass fuel shaping technology and equipment is the core of industrialization of biomass briquette fuel. Biomass briquetting technology refers to a ce

35、rtain temperature and under pressure, will be scattered and various shapes of biomass raw materials into high density, with a variety of fuels technology. Biomass briquetting equipment including screw-extrusion molding machines, mechanical piston stamping forming machine, ring die-roll and hydraulic

36、 piston stamping molding machines. Mechanical piston forming and hydraulic piston forming machine total up production efficiency low energy high, former of productivity low, actual productivity in 100-200 kg, main work parts life low not for industrialization production; which main work parts life long, but highest production capacity lower energy high; from technology index view, ring die roll pressure type forming machine production rate highest, energy low, products cost low, while technology content also high, for Yu scale production promotion. Since in the 1980 of the 20th century, Chin