1、Section IV Grammar復習情態動詞1 .（教材 P72）The invention of printing about this time meant that knowledge could be recorded （ 可 以被記錄下來）and shared as never before.2 .（教材 P75）The topic of the poem can t bet定不是）travel.3 .（教材 P75）It must be （肯定是）something more personal.4 .（教材 P75）It may be （可能是）friendship.5 .（教

2、材 P75）It might be （可能是）the journey through life.6 .（教材 P78）You should read （應該讀）the poem sometime.情態動詞本身有一定的詞義， 但是不能獨立作謂語， 只能和行為動詞一起構成謂語。 情態動詞用在行為動詞前，表示說話人對這一動作或狀態的看法或主觀設想。情態動詞的基本用法1 can 和 could 的用法(1)表示“能力”，意為“能，會”。 (2017 W匕京卷)Samuel, the tallest boy in our class, can easily reach the books on the

3、top shelf.amuel 是我們班最高的男孩，他能輕易地夠著書架頂層的書。 G胡d匕卷)It was several minutes before I could take in what he was saying.過了好幾分鐘，我才理解他說的是什么。(2 表示推測，意為“可能”，用于否定句或疑問句中。 can 比 could 語氣強。 That can be Mary - she is in London now.那不可能是瑪麗 現在她在倫敦。(3)表示理論上的可能性，意為“有時候可能會”，用于肯定句。 (2018 北京卷)In today 的formation age, the l

4、oss of data can cause serious problems for a company.在今天的信息時代，數據的丟失有時會對一個公司造成嚴重的問題。(4)表示禮貌地請求，意為“能，可以”。在疑問句中 could可代替can,語氣更委婉。 (2016 江蘇卷)Can you tell us your recipe for happiness and a long life? 你能告訴我們你幸福和長壽的秘訣嗎？ Living every day to the full ， definitely. 過好每一天。(5)用于固定句式中：cannottoo/enough ”無論也不過分；

5、越越好”。 (陜西卷)I can thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.我非常感謝你，在我們不在家時幫助我的兒子。2 may 和 might 的用法(1)表示許可和請求，在疑問句中might 比 may 的語氣更委婉。 Might /May I have a word with you? It won t take long.我可以和你說句話嗎？不會耽誤很長時間。2 2) 表示推測，意為“可能，或許”，通常用于肯定句和否定句中。(湖南卷 )If you forgot to turn

6、 it off when you went away ， you might burn down the house.當你離開時如果忘記關掉它，你可能把整個房子都燒毀了。(3)用于固定句式：may as well +動詞原形，意為 “最好；倒不如” Since it is raining hard, you may as well stay here.既然雨下得這么大，你倒不如待在這兒。3 must 的用法表示義務、必要性等，意為“必須”。其否定式mustn 意為“禁止”。 (湖北卷)We must act as quickly as possible now. Just tell us wh

7、ether you can undertake the task or not.現在我們必須盡快采取行動。你就告訴我們你能否承擔這項任務。(2) 表示猜測、推測，意為“想必，一定”。must 常用于肯定句中，表示猜測。對現在或未來的事進行猜測時，用 must do ；對正在進行的事進行猜測時，用 must be doing ；對已經發生的事進行猜測時，用 must have done。 (重慶卷)You must be Carol. You haven t changed a bit after all these years.你一定是卡羅爾。這么多年你一點都沒變。(3) 表示偏執，固執，意為

8、“非得，偏要”。 (遼寧卷)If you must go, at least wait until the storm is over.如果你非要走，至少要等到暴風雨停了。(4) shall 的用法(1) 用于第一、第三人稱疑問句中，表示說話人征求對方的意見或向對方請示。 (江西卷)Shall I tell Brett to come over straight after school tomorrow?要我告訴布雷特明天放學后直接過來嗎？(2) 用于第二、第三人稱陳述句中，表示說話人給對方的命令、警告、允諾或威脅。 (遼寧卷)One of our rules is that every s

9、tudent shall wear school uniform while at school.我們有一條規定，那就是每名學生在校期間必須穿校服。5 should 的用法(1) 表示勸告和建議，意為“應該”。 I dont think you should give up the opportunity to go to university which you have been dreaming about.我認為你不應該放棄你一直以來夢想的上大學的機會。(2) 表示推測、可能性、或預期，意為“應該；可能”。 He should be here on time he started ea

10、rly enough.他應該按時到這里的 他很早就出發了。(3)用于表示感情或意志等的that從句中，意為“竟然；居然”。 (江蘇卷)It was sad to me that they, so poor themselves, should bring me food.讓我難過的是，如此貧窮的他們竟然給我帶來了食物。6 will 和 would 的用法(1) 表示意志或意愿。 will 指現在， would 指過去。 I have told him again and again to stop smoking ， but he will not listen.我已再三告訴他要戒煙，但是他就

11、是不聽。 (江蘇卷)Days later, my brother called to say he was all right , but wouldn tsay where he was.幾天后，我哥哥打電話說他一切都好，但不愿意說他在哪兒。(2) 表示習慣性動作，意為“總是”， will 指現在， would 指過去。 (四川卷)I still remember my happy childhood when my mother would take me to Disneyland at weekends.我仍舊記得快樂的童年，那時我媽媽經常在周末帶我去迪斯尼樂園。(3) 表示征求意見或

12、提出請求，多用于第二人稱疑問句中。 would 比 will 語氣委婉。Will /Would you please let me have a look at your new watch?請讓我看看你的新表好嗎？7 need 的用法 need表示必要性，常用于疑問句和否定句中，neednt表示不必”，后接動詞原形。need作 實義動詞時，可用于肯定句、否定句和疑問句中， 有人稱、數和時態的變化；其后可接名詞、 代詞、帶to的不定式或動名詞作賓語。 （2017 天津卷）My room is a mess , but I neednt clean it before I go out toni

13、ght. I can do it in the morning.我的房間里亂糟糟的，不過我今天晚上出門之前沒必要打掃，我可以明天早晨再打掃。8. dare的用法dare意為“敢，敢于，沒有人稱、數和時態的變化，主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件句中，后接動詞原形。作實義動詞時，在肯定句中通常接帶to的不定式，在疑問句和否定句中，dare之后的不定式可以省略。 How dare you leave your home without your parents permission?在沒有征得你父母同意的情況下你怎么敢離開家？ Most people hate Harry but they don t

14、dare to say so.大多數人對哈利敢怒不敢言。情態動詞+ have donemust have done一定做過（肯定句）can/could have done過去不pj能做過 （否定句）對過去的推測過去可能做過嗎？（疑問句）may/might have done過去可能做過（肯定句）過去可能沒有做過（否定句）對過去情況的could have done本來能夠做但卻未做（肯定句）后悔、遺憾或責備should have done本來應該做但是實際上未做shouldnt have done本來不應該做而實際上做了neednthave done沒必要做卻做了 （2016 浙江卷 6 月）G

15、eorge can t have gonetoo far. His coffee is still warm.喬治不可能走得太遠。因為他的咖啡還是熱的呢。 （陜西卷）The children must have got lost in the woods; otherwise , they would have been at the lakeside camp as scheduled.孩子們一定是在森林里迷路了；否則，他們會按照計劃在湖邊露營的。（福建卷）-Sorry, Mum ! I failed the job interview again.對不起，媽媽！我工作面試又失敗了。Oh ,

16、 its too bad. You should have made full preparations.哦，太糟糕了。你本應該做好充足的準備的。I單句語法填空1. （2018 江蘇卷）It s strange that sshould have taken the books without the owners permission.2. （2016 天津卷）It was really annoying; I couldn get access to the data bank you had recommended.3. （湖南卷 ）I ve prepared all kinds of

17、food for theoicnic. Do you mean we neednt bring anything with us?4. （遼寧卷）Harry is feeling uncomfortable. He must have drunk too much at the party last night.5. （2019 湖南長沙高二期末 ）I can thank you enough for what you have done for me. You re welcome.6. Has the book I want arrived yet? I ll have to use it

18、 next week.The exam is coming. Dont worry. You shall have it by this Friday.7. （2019 安徽黃山高二月考 ）一I m afraid I have to leave nowfpr you see, he is waiting for me.Well, if you must , at least wait till the heavy rain stops.8. When my parents were away, my grandmother would take care of me.9. （2016全國卷 i

19、n ）Truly elegant chopsticks might be made （make） of gold and silver with Chinese characters.10. She didnt get there in time.She might have missed （miss） the bus. n單句改錯1. （2016 全國卷 n ）Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby.canfshould 或去掉 can2. （2016 全國卷 n ）We can chose between staying at home and taking a trip. chosefchoose3. Though my arms looked weak, my mother trusted that I can hold the baby.can fcould4. Jackson mustn