1、高三語(yǔ)法總復(fù)習(xí)連詞和狀語(yǔ)從句連詞連詞是一種虛詞,在句子中起到連接詞與詞、句與句的作用。連詞有兩類:從屬連詞和并列連詞。前者引導(dǎo)狀語(yǔ)從句;后者連接兩個(gè)互不依從的詞、短語(yǔ)或分句。此外還有引導(dǎo)其他從句的連詞that, whether要點(diǎn)正確理解全句意思,分清主從句的邏輯關(guān)系正確理解連詞含義,根據(jù)句意選擇適當(dāng)連詞易錯(cuò)常考點(diǎn)1、兩個(gè)句子之間只能有一個(gè)連詞從屬連詞(if,when,because等,不與并列連詞(and,but等并用。because與so不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)although與but不能同時(shí)出現(xiàn)2、主將從現(xiàn)3、when、while和as的區(qū)別4、because、as、since和for的區(qū)別5、wh

2、atever與no matter what,wh-+ever的詞與no matter +其相應(yīng)的疑問(wèn)詞的區(qū)別6、before和since的區(qū)別7、so that:目的與結(jié)果;sothat8、as引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句9、連詞及其同義的短語(yǔ)的區(qū)別because與because ofin case 與in case of10、一詞多義(如:as、since、while等;與其它從句的區(qū)別狀語(yǔ)從句狀語(yǔ)從句在主從復(fù)合句中修飾主句中的動(dòng)詞、形容詞或副詞等,按意思可分時(shí)間、地點(diǎn)、原因、目的、結(jié)果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語(yǔ)從句。認(rèn)識(shí)以下連詞或詞組hardly/scarcely when, /no soone

3、rthan,immediately, directly, instantly,the moment/minute/instant (that,every/each timeIn case, for fear thaton condition that,as/so long as, unlessSuppose /supposing that,provided/providing thatAs if/ as thoughExamplesI had h a r d l y reached the hall w h e n the concert began.H a r d l y had I rea

4、ched the hall w h e n the concert began.I came d i r e c t l y I got your message.I hid the book f o r f e a r t h a t he should see it.I will go there tomorrow unless it rains. u n l e s s從句中不要使用否定形式。You can borrow the car, p r o v i d i n g/p r o v i d e d (that I can have it back by six o'clo

5、ck. Two employees agreed to speak to us o n c o n d i t i o n t h a t they not be named.S u p p o s i n g that he cant come, who will do the work? (spokenLook, s u p p o s e you lost your job tomorrow, what would you do?She explained again and again i n c a s e her friends should misunderstand her.

6、I dont want to go out tonight i n c a s e Ann phones.(從句中不用將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)He walked a s i f/t h o u g h he were drunk.He heard a noise, a s i f someone was breathing. Jill slipped w h e n/a s/w h i l e she w a s g e t t i n g off the bus.a s1.cf. The door bell rang w h i l e/w h e n we were asleep.She got marr

7、ied when she was 23.(not as, 它表時(shí)間時(shí)用在描述動(dòng)作和發(fā)生事件的句子中A s we were asleep, we didnt hear the doorbell.(在描述狀態(tài)或情形的句子中as表示原因 2. We waved goodbye to Liz a s she drove away in her car. (同時(shí)as, when, while & as3.I began to enjoy the job more a s I got used to it. (隨著 4. J u s t a s I sat down, the phone rang

8、.w h e n 1. I was about to go w h e n the telephone rang. 2. When we got to the cinema, the movie had begun.(在描述先后發(fā)生的動(dòng)作的句子中只用whenw h i l e 1. W h i l e we were talking, he was reading newspapers.(延續(xù)性動(dòng)作;可用when 2. I like music, w h i l e he prefers reading. t i l l/u n t i l 1. I worked t i l l/u n t

9、i l he came back.( 持續(xù)性動(dòng)作 2. I didnt go to bed u n t i l/t i l l he came back.( 瞬間動(dòng)詞 3. U n t i l he returns, nothing can be done.( 句首 b e f o r e它引導(dǎo)的從句不用否定式謂語(yǔ)。常譯為“就”,“才”,”還來(lái)不及。就。”It will be 5 years b e f o r e we meet again.五年后我們才能再見(jiàn)面。It wont be long b e f o r e you understand that.不久你就會(huì)明白的。He fell

10、down from the ladder b e f o r e he knew what had happened.還沒(méi)弄清是怎么回事他就從梯子上摔了下來(lái)。They worked day and night about three days b e f o r e everything returned to normal.他們夜以繼日的干了三天一切才恢復(fù)正常。conj. 在之前Anthony wants to see you before you go./They had all left beforeyou came here. 你來(lái)這里之前他們都走了。It will be a few

11、days before we know the full results.過(guò)幾天我們才能知道全部的結(jié)果。It was several minutes before we realized what was happening.過(guò)了幾分鐘我們才c.f. until The ticket is valid until March./He waited until she had finished speaking.in order toYou have to pass a test before you can be admitted. 才能Put that money somewhere saf

12、e before it gets stolen. 趁趕緊; 免得,Take it away before I change my mind.Before he could reach the door, she quickly closed it. 還沒(méi)來(lái)得及就My mom often rings off before I can say good-bye. It w i l l(n o t be +時(shí)間段+before+ 現(xiàn)在時(shí)動(dòng)詞It w a s not long before+過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞It w a s +時(shí)間段+before+過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞*It i s/h a s b e e n +時(shí)間

13、段+since+過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞It w a s +時(shí)間段+since+過(guò)去完成時(shí)動(dòng)詞 It w a s several minutes before we r e a l i s e d what was happening. 過(guò)了好幾分鐘我們才意識(shí)到發(fā)生了什么事。It w i l l b e a while before we the results.還得過(guò)一段時(shí)間我們才能知道結(jié)果。*It w a s exactly five years since her father h a d d i e d.她父親去世整整五年了。It i s 3 days since she c a m e here.

14、她來(lái)這兒已經(jīng)三天了。 wherever語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng),多用于書面語(yǔ)。注意與修飾表示地點(diǎn)名詞的定語(yǔ)從句區(qū)分Please put the book where it belongs.Please put the book at the p l a c e where it belongs. 1.-W h y is Tom absent?- B e c a u s e he is ill. 2. I didnt help him, n o t b e c a u s e I was unwilling but because I was unable to. 3. I t i s b e c a u s

15、e Tom is ill t h a t he didnt go with us. 4. only, just, simply, partly + becauseYou shouldnt look down upon a man j u s t b e c a u s e he is poorly dressed.a s( 由于,因?yàn)?引導(dǎo)的從句一般放在主句之前,說(shuō)明原因,后邊的主句說(shuō)明結(jié)果。主從句的內(nèi)容A 同等重要。在主句之后時(shí),語(yǔ)氣更弱;類似一中附帶的說(shuō)明,在口語(yǔ)中使用較多。A s there was no answer, I wrote again.I got home late a s

16、 I had to walk all the way home.s i n c e(既然,因?yàn)楸硎久黠@的或已知的理由,原因。從句的意思是次要的。主句使全局的重心所在。從句位于主句之后時(shí)語(yǔ)氣較強(qiáng)。S i n c e he cant answer the question, youd be tter ask someone else.n o w t h a t與since, as同義。但它用來(lái)說(shuō)明一種新情況,然后再加以推論,主從句的因果關(guān)系很小,而since, as連接的句子因果關(guān)系比較明顯。that 口語(yǔ)中可省。N o w(t h a tall the guests have arrived,

17、lets have dinner.f o r是表示因果關(guān)系的并列連詞,表示對(duì)主句內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明(可和because替換或表示一種推測(cè)判斷(不可用because。它引導(dǎo)的從句不能放在句首;需有逗號(hào)與主句隔開(kāi)。He seldom goes out, for he is too old.He must be asleep now, for there is no light on.注意:以上連詞不能與s o同時(shí)使用。 1. cf. She hurried,s o t h a t she caught the bus.She hurried s o t h a t she c o u l d catc

18、h the bus.(目的狀語(yǔ)從句中的謂語(yǔ)常含有may, might, can, could, should等情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,通常主句在前,從句在后,中間沒(méi)有逗號(hào)。She married him s o t h a t she might tend and comfort him. j.+n.t h a tHe spoke in such a way that we couldnt help laughing.We have such difficult questions that we dont know what to do. 3. s o+a d j.+a/a n+n.t h a tIt i

19、s so hot a day that we want to go swimming. 4.s o+m a n y/m u c h/f e w/l i t t l e+n.t h a tHe gave me so little time that it was impossible to finish the work on time. 5. s o+a d j./a d v.+t h a tSome people were so moved by the sight that they began to cry.A l t h o u g h/t h o u g h it was raini

20、ng heavily, we kept on working.A l t h o u g h he is poor, he is very generous.e v e n t h o u g h比a l t h o u g h語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)。E v e n t h o u g h I was really tired, I couldnt sleep.We went out although it was raining.We went out i n s p i t e o f/d e s p i t e the rain. I guess he'd been drinking, t h

21、o u g h I wasn't completely sure of that.Strange t h o u g h it may seem, I like housework. C.f.The house isnt very nice. I like the garden t h o u g h. (adv. 可是,盡管如此I s ee him every day. Ive never spoken to him t h o u g h. C.f. He will not reveal(泄露 the secret e v e n i f he knows it.(他可能不知道He

22、 will not reveal the secret t h o u g h he knows it. (他肯定知道 Much a s I would like to come, I cant.Try a s I would, I couldnt force him to change his mind.Poor a s he was, he was honest.He was unable to make much progress, hard a s he tried. cf. W h a t e v e r/N o m a t t e r w h a t happens, dont give up. I will do whatever you ask me to do. yet， still 讓