1、第1講 賓語從句+句型轉(zhuǎn)換 能力實(shí)踐-句型轉(zhuǎn)化專題賓語從句：經(jīng)典題型1： Mrs. Lin asked me “Have you finished drawing the picture?” (合并為一句) (2013青浦一模)Mrs. Lin asked me _ I _ finished drawing the picture. if/whether +S. +V.(注意時(shí)態(tài))常考結(jié)構(gòu)：ask/tell/say to sb+ that(可以省略)+ S.+V. 疑問詞+S.+V.賓語從句注意三要素：1、 連接詞：根據(jù)賓語從句的意思，如果是陳述或者描述一件事情，用that；如果是問及是否，用

2、if/whether；如果是缺少了成分或者希望得到某種信息，用相應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞。 另一種判斷方式，是看直接引語是什么句式，陳述句用that 或者省略；一般疑問句用if/whether；特殊疑問句用相應(yīng)的特殊疑問詞。2、 語序：注意必須是陳述句語序。如：He told me (that) he was from America.He wants to know if it will rain tomorrow.He also wants to know where he can get the raincoat.關(guān)于語序有一個(gè)需要注意的情況，那就是當(dāng)從句的連接詞（一般是特殊疑問詞）在從句中是做主

3、語的時(shí)候，后面的語序就是V.+O.+其他。如：“Who is responsible for the food safety problem? asked the reporter(改為賓語從句) (2013中考) The reporter asked_ _responsible for the food safety problem.Ø 時(shí)態(tài)從句時(shí)態(tài)規(guī)律：(1) 主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)由時(shí)間狀語決定。如： Are there any new markets in Asia? The sales manager wants to know. (合并為一句) (2011年中考

4、) The sales manager wants to know _ there _ any new markets in Asia.(2)主句時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)態(tài)，從句時(shí)態(tài)需要在原來的時(shí)態(tài)改變成相應(yīng)的過去，如：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)變成一般過去時(shí)；一般將來時(shí)變成過去將來時(shí)；現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)變成過去進(jìn)行時(shí)；一般過去時(shí)變成過去完成時(shí)等。如：Did you ask them _?（2013二模 閔行區(qū)）A. when are they going to set out B. when they are going to set outC. when were they going to set out D. whe

5、n they were going to set outEddie couldnt remember. What happened after the accident? (合并為一句)Eddie couldnt remember _ _ after the accident （2013二模閘北）(3)主句是could you./would you.等表示委婉語氣的句子，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受影響，由時(shí)間狀語決定。如：A: Excuse me, could you please tell me _?B: Yes. Its at 123 Xinhua Road, just near the downto

6、wn.（2012一模 嘉定）A) where the Star Hotel is B) where the Star Hotel was C) how get to the Star Hotel D) how can I get to the Star Hotel(4)從句里表達(dá)的是客觀事實(shí)和真理的時(shí)候，從句的時(shí)態(tài)不受主句影響，而且都是用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。經(jīng)典題型2： Damin taught his grandsons how they could catch more fish.(保持句意不變) (2012青浦一模)Damin taught his grandsons _ _ catch mor

7、e fish.答案：how to常考結(jié)構(gòu)：learn/teach/forget/remember.+ 疑問詞（連接代詞副詞+不定式（短語） 賓語從句在一定條件下，可以簡(jiǎn)化為“特殊疑問詞+不定式”、“it +形容詞+不定式短語”、復(fù)合賓語、動(dòng)詞不定式（名詞、動(dòng)名詞、形容詞或副詞、過去分詞）短語、名詞和過去分詞等。       當(dāng)主句謂語動(dòng)詞是know，learn，forget，remember等，其后接疑問詞（連接代詞副詞）引導(dǎo)的賓語從句，且該從句的主語與主句的主語一致時(shí)，賓語從句可簡(jiǎn)化成“疑問詞（連接代詞副詞+不定式（短語）”結(jié)構(gòu)。B

8、.合并成同一句經(jīng)典題型1： Peter will go to jail. John will not go to jail. (合并成一句) (2011 青浦一模)Peter will go to jail_ _John.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：sb.do sth. instead of sb. 或者sb. do sth. instead of doing sth.經(jīng)典題型2： Lin Dan played badminton very well. He won the Thomas Cup again. ( 合并為一句 ) (2012中考)Lin Dan played badminton well _ w

9、in the Thomas Cup again.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：結(jié)果狀語從句的同義句：so/suchthat+肯定句 = adj./adv.+enough (+for sb.)to do sth.so/suchthat+否定句= too+adj./adv+(+for sb.)to do sth.= not adj./adv.+enough (+for sb.)to do sth.目的狀語從句的同義句：主句+so that/in order that+從句(肯定) = in order to/so as to do sth. 主句+so that/in order that+從句(否定) = in o

10、rder not to/so as not to do sth.經(jīng)典題型3： We shouldnt talk loudly in the theatre. We shouldnt smoke there, either. (合并為一句)We should _ talk loudly _ smoke in the theatre.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：S. + neither V nor V 兩者事情都不做 (注意兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和人稱要一致) 經(jīng)典題型4： Chris has gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup.Karen has gone t

11、o South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup, too. (合并為一句)(2010中考)_ Chris _ Karen have gone to South Africa to enjoy the 2010 World Cup. 常考結(jié)構(gòu)：both. and.+V.(復(fù)數(shù)) neither.nor.+V.(單數(shù)) either.or.+V.(單數(shù)) C.改成同義句經(jīng)典題型1： Yesterday my friend Charlie said sorry to me because he broke my glasses. (保持句意不變)(2013青浦一

12、模)Yesterday my friend Charlie _ to me _ breaking my glasses.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：apologize to sb. for sth.=say sorry to sb.動(dòng)詞短語或者介詞短語的轉(zhuǎn)換solve=work out ; in the end=at last; for the time being= at present;used to be =is not .any longer; like. better than.=prefer.to.; manage.=be in charge of=be responsible for; 比較級(jí)+t

13、han any other=最高級(jí); look after=take care of =care for; want to=would like to “花費(fèi)”相互的轉(zhuǎn)換：pay.for sth; spend.on/(in) doing; cost sb some money; it takes sb.to do;purchase sth for經(jīng)典題型2： Choose the perfect grapes only, or you won't be able to make the best wine. (保持句意基本不變)（2012中考）You _ be able to make

14、 the best wine _you choose the perfect grapes only.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：S. will.if.(not)/ S. wont.unless. 祈使句, and you will/ or you wont 經(jīng)典題型3： We buy a special program in order to help the computer recognize our voice. (保持句意不變) (2013青浦一模)We buy a special program _ _ it can help the computer recognize our voice.常考結(jié)

15、構(gòu)：in order to do =so as to do=to do in order that +句子=so that+句子經(jīng)典題型4： Sometimes children are so young that they cant tell the bad from the good.(保持句意不變)(2012青浦一模)Sometimes children arent _ _to tell the bad from the good.常考結(jié)構(gòu)：so .that sb can do = enough.to do so.that sb cant do = too.to do=not .enou

16、gh.to do (注意此處的前后的形容詞需要是反義詞)D. 被動(dòng)語態(tài)經(jīng)典題型 Though the earthquake destroyed many houses，people didnt lose hope(改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) (2013中考)Though many houses_ _ by the earthquake，people didnt lose hope常考結(jié)構(gòu)：be + 動(dòng)詞過去分詞 (1)is/am/are Vpp (2)was/were Vpp (3)has/have been Vpp (4)should/would/must/may/will/need/.+ be Vpp

17、解題步驟：先判斷原句的動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)，被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是Be+ V-ed，然后在be動(dòng)詞上面改變時(shí)態(tài)就OK。E. 改為一般疑問句或者否定句The new product consists of four main parts inside. (改為一般疑問句) (2012中考) _ the new product _of four main parts inside? 常考結(jié)構(gòu)：1) has a good time-doesnt have a good time has already finished-hasnt finished yet 2) cost，cut 等的過去式和原形一樣的動(dòng)詞，搭配

18、第三人稱單數(shù)考，注意判斷時(shí)態(tài)。F. 改為特殊疑問詞People help the victims of the earthquake through the Red Cross. (對(duì)劃線部分提問) _ _ people help the victims of the earthquake?常考結(jié)構(gòu)：once a week-how often; in ten minutes-how soon; for ten days-how long; twenty miles away/ ten minutes walk(drive, ride等)-how far; through/by doing-ho

19、w; to do-why; to do 中的do-what; Johns-whose; five thousand yuan-how much; .句型轉(zhuǎn)化習(xí)題檢測(cè)題167. Susan played the violin in front of her schoolmates a week ago. (改為一般疑問句)_ Susan _ the violin in front of her schoolmates a week ago?68. Teachers always encourage students to practice more after class. (對(duì)劃線部分提問)

20、_ _ teachers always encourage students to do? 69. Uncle Michael has been a professional F1 driver for many years. (改為反意疑問句)Uncle Michael has been a professional F1 driver for many years, _ _? 70. Kitty expressed many thanks to her parents on Thanksgiving Day. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài))Many thanks _ _ by Kitty to her

21、parents on Thanksgiving Day.71. Yesterday my friend Charlie said sorry to me because he broke my glasses. (保持句意不變)Yesterday my friend Charlie _ to me _ breaking my glasses.72. We buy a special program in order to help the computer recognize our voice. (保持句意不變)We buy a special program _ _ it can help

22、 the computer recognize our voice.73. Mrs. Lin asked me “Have you finished drawing the picture?” (合并為一句)Mrs. Lin asked me _ I _ finished drawing the picture.檢測(cè)題267. Use of computers spread rapidly during that period. (改為一般疑問句) _ use of computers _ rapidly during that period?68. People help the victi

23、ms of the earthquake through the Red Cross. (對(duì)劃線部分提問) _ _ people help the victims of the earthquake?69. Psy (鳥叔) won Time Magazines Person of the Year Award. (改為反意疑問句)Psy won Time Magazines Person of the Year Award, _ _?70. They collected some materials about an earthquake in Haiti. (改為被動(dòng)語態(tài)) Some ma

24、terials about an earthquake in Haiti _ _.71. We cannot drink sea water. We cannot take a shower with it, either. (合并為一句) We can _ drink sea water _ take a shower with it.72. “Mum, was the telephone invented by Bell?” the girl asked. (改為賓語從句) The girl asked her mum _ the telephone _ invented by Bell.

25、73. We cannot predict the exact time and location of earthquake now. (保持句意基本不變) _ _, we cannot predict the exact time and location of earthquake.檢測(cè)題3：67Fred plans to work in the charity hospital in the community(改為否定句) Fred_ _to work in the charity hospital in the community68Jims office is four kilomete