1、Lesson 79 By Air?【Text】I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. I am used to traveling by air and only on o

2、ne occasion have I ever felt frightened. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height, when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as

3、 it had touched down. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious to find out what had happened. Later we learnt that there was a very important person on board. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly. Fortuna

4、tely, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again.【課文翻譯】我在幼年的時候，曾多次乘飛機(jī)旅行。我的父母曾經(jīng)住在南美洲， 所以假期里我常從歐洲乘飛機(jī)到他們那里。我總是由一位空中乘務(wù)員照管，從未遇到過不愉快的經(jīng)歷。我習(xí)慣了乘飛機(jī)旅行，只是有一次把我嚇壞了。起飛之后，我 們在城市上空低低地飛行，然后慢慢爬高。這時飛機(jī)突然調(diào)轉(zhuǎn)頭來，飛回了機(jī)場。在我們等待降落時，一位空中乘務(wù)員告訴我們要保持鎮(zhèn)靜，待飛機(jī)一著陸，就馬上 不聲不響地離開飛機(jī)。飛機(jī)上的人都很著急，大家都急于想知道究竟出了什么事。后來我們才得

5、知，飛機(jī)上坐了一位非常重要的人物。有人報(bào)告警察，說飛機(jī)上安放 了一枚炸彈。我們降落之后，飛機(jī)被徹底搜查了一遍。幸運(yùn)的是，什么也沒有找到。5個小時后，我們又起飛了。 New words and expressions 生詞和短語parent   n. 父（母）親flight attendant  空中乘務(wù)員frightened   adj. 害怕，擔(dān)驚curious  adj. 急于了解，好奇的bomb  n. 炸彈plant   v. 安放【生詞講解】1. parent 1) n 父母(pl.)eg: John and Ma

6、ry have become parents. John和Mary已經(jīng)為人父母了。詞匯拓展：relation n 家人to invite all your relations to dinner 邀請你全家人來吃飯relative n (正式)家人，親戚(更常用)eg My uncle is my nearest relative. 我的叔叔是我最親的親人。2） n (定) 能繁殖的任何生物the parent tree 母樹parent company 母公司parentage n 出身，身世a child of unknown parentage 身世不明的小孩parenthood 父母的

7、身份或情況 2. flight attendant 空中乘務(wù)員air-hostess 空姐 flight 1） 班機(jī)，航班eg： Flight number 447 for Geneva is ready to leave. 飛往日內(nèi)瓦的447航班準(zhǔn)備出發(fā)。2） 航程，飛行距離a straight flight towards home 直航回家3） 航空旅程eg： Did you have a good flight ? 你搭乘飛機(jī)一路愉快嗎？attendantn(公共場所照顧游客的) 服務(wù)員a flight attendant空中乘務(wù)員a museum attendant博物館接待員sho

8、p assistant售貨員 3. frightened adj 受驚的，吃驚的eg： The frightened horse ran away from the fire. 受驚的馬從大火中逃跑了。eg： He was frightened at the thought of his coming examination. 一想到即將到來的考試他就害怕。eg： She was frightened to look down from the top of the tall building. 她害怕從高樓頂上向下看。eg： The little girl was frightened th

9、at her mother wouldnt come back . 小女孩害怕媽媽不回來了。區(qū)別afraid adj 害怕的be afraid of 害怕某物be afraid of dogs 害怕狗be afraid that(從句) 害怕某事be afraid to do sth 害怕做某事frightening adj 令人害怕的，令人吃驚的 （主語是物)a frightening dram 嚇人的夢frightful adj 可怕的，驚人的a frightful scene 可怕的景象frighten 1） v 使吃驚，驚嚇eg：The little girl was frighten

10、ed by the big dog. 這個小女孩被大狗嚇到了。2） v 嚇走eg： He frightened off his attacker by calling for the police. 他叫警察嚇走了襲擊者。fright n 害怕 get a fright 嚇一跳4. curious 1） 急于了解的，好奇的eg：A good student should always be curious to learn.好學(xué)生應(yīng)該有求知欲。eg：He was so curious to know what was in the letter that he opened it, even

11、though it was addressed to his father.他是如此的好奇想知道信里的內(nèi)容以至于他打開了信，盡管信是寫給父親的。2） 好管閑事的eg： My neighbors are very curious. 我的鄰居們非常愛管閑事。curiosity n 好奇，好奇心out of curiosity 出于好奇eg： The boy burned with a curiosity to know what was in the letter addressed to his mother.這個孩子極想知道寫給媽媽的信里的內(nèi)容。5. bomb 1） n 炸彈 形近詞：comb

12、 梳子plant a bomb in the post office 在郵局安放一枚炸彈2） 原子彈eg： Has that county got the bomb? 那個國家有原子彈嗎？習(xí)語： go like a bomb （指交通工具）行進(jìn)快速，疾駛eg： My new car goes like bomb. 我的新車行進(jìn)非常快。spend a bomb/ cost a bomb 花了許多錢bomber n 轟炸機(jī)fighter n 戰(zhàn)斗機(jī)6. plant 1） v 安放eg：He planted himself in a chair by the fire. 他穩(wěn)坐在爐火邊的椅子上。 p

13、lant oneself (安放自己=穩(wěn)坐）eg: He planted a knife in her back. 他在他的背上插了一刀。2) v 種植eg: April is the time to plant. 四月是種植的時間。3) v 播種，培植eg: The hillside was planted with trees. 山坡上被種滿了樹。4) n 植物eg: All plants need water and light. 所有的植物都需要水和陽光。5) n 工廠eg: Theyve just built a new chemical plant. 他們剛剛興建一所化學(xué)廠。【課文

14、講解】1. I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. My parents used to live in South America and I used to fly there from Europe in the holidays. used to do我們用used to do 表示過去有過但現(xiàn)在已不存在的習(xí)慣，以便將過去與現(xiàn)在形成對照。它后面經(jīng)常用由but now.，but not.any more/any longer 等構(gòu)成的、用了一般現(xiàn)在時的句子以強(qiáng)調(diào)過去和現(xiàn)在的不同之處。eg: -Do you watch

15、television? - I used to, but I don' t any longer. - 你看電視嗎？ - 我過去常看，但現(xiàn)在不看了。eg: I used to smoke, but I don't any more/any longer.我過去常吸煙，但現(xiàn)在已不吸了。eg: He used to be a lazy boy, but now he is very hard-working.他過去是個懶孩子，但現(xiàn)在他很勤奮。在針對used to提問時，一般也用dideg: -I used to be a good swimmer.- Did you really?

16、 I didn't even know you could swim.- Did you use to smoke?- Yes, I did / used to.- 我過去是個游泳好手。- 真的嗎？我以前甚至不知道你會游泳。- 你從前吸煙嗎？- 是的，我吸。  區(qū)別： would 是另一個用于描述過去經(jīng)常性行為的詞，它與used to有時可以互換，有時則不可以，而且would 需要指出具體時間，used to 則不需要。1） 當(dāng)used to 暗示與現(xiàn)在的對照時，不可用would 替換：eg：I used to drink heavily, but I have given

17、up drinking now. 我過去喝酒很厲害，但我已戒了。eg；I never used to eat a large breakfast, but I do now. 我過去早飯吃得不多，可現(xiàn)在我吃得很多。2）當(dāng)used to 描寫過去的狀態(tài)時，也不可與would 互換，would 只表示過去特有的習(xí)慣或行為：eg：I used to be a waiter, but now I'm a taxi-driver. 我過去是個侍者，但現(xiàn)在我是出租汽車司機(jī)。eg: They used to own a car. 他們過去有輛車。3） 當(dāng)used to 不強(qiáng)調(diào)與現(xiàn)在的對比時，可與wo

18、uld 互換。但一個故事開頭時不用would，必須首先用一般過去時或used to 描述背景，然后用would 表示習(xí)慣性動作：eg: When I was a boy we always spent/ used to spend our holidays on a farm. We would get up at 5 and we would help milk the cows. 我小時候經(jīng)常在農(nóng)場度假。我們總是5 點(diǎn)起床，幫助擠牛奶。 What sort of things did she like doing as a girl?她小時候喜歡做些什么事？ She used to wou

19、ld climb trees whenever she could. 她一有機(jī)會就爬樹區(qū)別：be used to 表示“習(xí)慣于”，后面跟名詞或動名詞，be 也可用 get等代替：eg: I'm used to shopping alone. 我習(xí)慣于一個人購物。eg: I'm used to getting up early. 我習(xí)慣于早起。eg: I soon got used to getting up early when I started working as a baker. 我開始當(dāng)面包師不久就習(xí)慣早起了。  表示“許多”的英語短語：(1)修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)

20、數(shù)形式的有 many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large (或great)/small number of等，其后的謂語動詞用復(fù)數(shù)形式。(2)修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有much, a great deal of, quite a little, an amount of等。其后的謂語動詞用單數(shù)形(3) 既能修飾可數(shù)名詞，又能修飾不可數(shù)名詞的有 a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quantity of等，謂語動詞根據(jù)主語是可數(shù)或不可數(shù)決定單復(fù)數(shù)形式。a number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語用復(fù)數(shù)，意為許多，大量的th

21、e number of +可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)，意為的數(shù)目2.  A flight attendant would take charge of me and I never had an unpleasant experience. take charge of 負(fù)責(zé)照料（某人、某物）eg: Can you take charge of this class please, Miss Jones? Jones 小姐，你能負(fù)責(zé)照料這個班嗎？in someones charge/ under someones charge 受管理，由（某人）負(fù)責(zé)eg: This hospital is

22、 in her charge until the director comes back. 在主管回來之前這家醫(yī)院由她負(fù)責(zé)。in charge of 負(fù)責(zé)eg: Ill be in charge of the whole factory next week when the director is away. 下周廠長不在的時候整個廠由我負(fù)責(zé)。bring a charge against 控告（某人）eg: The police brought a charge of murder against me. 警方控告我謀殺。unpleasant adj 不愉快的，討厭的 unpleasant s

23、mells 惡心的氣味 unpleasant weather 討厭的天氣a few unpleasant words 一些難聽的話an unpleasant experience 一次不愉快的經(jīng)歷unpleasantness n 不愉快eg: Dont let the recent unpleasantness end our friendship. 不要讓眼下這些不愉快終止我們的友誼。un+ adj 構(gòu)成相反含義的adjunpractised adj 笨手笨腳的unprincipled adj 無原則的，無廉恥的unprofessional adj 非本行的，非專業(yè)的unmannerly a

24、dj 粗魯?shù)膗nmarried adj 未婚的unknown adj 不知道的；不知名的unfortunate adj 不幸的unforgettable adj 難以忘懷的3. I am used to traveling by air and only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened. be used to+n/ving/代詞 習(xí)慣于（to為介詞）eg: I am not used to drinking. 我不習(xí)慣喝酒。a man used to country life 習(xí)慣于鄉(xiāng)村生活的一個男子only on one occasio

25、n 僅僅有一次only on one occasion have I ever felt frightened 只是有一次吧我嚇壞了。 注意語序，按理說，現(xiàn)在完成時是 I have ever felt frightened,本句話中only 引導(dǎo)一個狀語提前放在句首了， 后面要求使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，把have提前。倒裝語序的問題 only(seldom,hardly)+狀語 放在句首時，用倒裝句。eg: Only in this way can you hope to improve the situation there. 只有用這種方式你才有希望改善那兒的狀況。 Only in this way

26、在句中做狀語， 當(dāng)only引導(dǎo)的狀語放在句首時，后面使用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。You can hope, 我們把can提前，hope放在后面，稱作“部分倒裝”eg: Hardly had he finished when someone rose to refute his views. 他剛一講完就有人站起來駁斥他的觀點(diǎn)。（hardlywhen, 剛一就, hardly是否定詞，幾乎不的含義） 一旦hardly提前時，后面使用倒裝語序。eg: Scarcely had she fallen asleep when a knock at the door awakened her. 她剛一睡著，就被敲門聲

27、吵醒了。（scarcelywhen, 相當(dāng)于hardlywhen,剛一就) scarcely放句首時，后面使用倒裝語序。eg: Not until quite recently did I have any idea what a guided missile was like. 直到最近我才清楚導(dǎo)彈是什么樣的。（not until 直到才）， not放句首時，后面使用倒裝語序。 以never, little, often,等詞引導(dǎo)的句子，也常用倒裝語序。eg: Never before has our country been as united as it is today. 今天我們的國

28、家空前團(tuán)結(jié)。eg: Many a time has he given us good advice. 他有很多次給我們好的建議。eg: Little did we suspect that the district was so rich in mineral resources.我們一點(diǎn)也沒有想到這個地區(qū)的礦產(chǎn)資源如此豐富。eg: Often did we warm them not to do so. 我們經(jīng)常警告他們不要這樣做。4. After taking off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height,

29、when the plane suddenly turned round and flew back to the airport. take off 起飛fly low over 在上方低低地飛行fly back to 飛回fly 1) v 飛，飛行eg: " How did you get here?" " I flew." “你怎么到這來來的”？ “我坐飛機(jī)來的”。(I came by airport)eg : A bee flew in through the open window. 一只蜜蜂從開著的窗子飛了進(jìn)來。2) v 開飛機(jī)eg: He

30、was the first man ever to fly that type of aircraft. 他是第一個駕駛那種飛機(jī)的人。3) v 搭乘飛機(jī)eg: I always fly British Airways. 我經(jīng)常搭乘英航的飛機(jī)。習(xí)語eg: I must fly. 我必須快點(diǎn)了。（口）急忙離去 fly into a temper 勃然大怒eg: The bird has flown. 犯人逃跑了。make the dust fly/ make the fur fly/make the sparks fly 引起爭吵slowly/ gradually adj 緩慢的，慢慢的，逐漸的g

31、ain v 獲得，增加gain hight 爬高gain speed 加速gain experience 獲得經(jīng)驗(yàn)when/ at that time 那時turn around 調(diào)頭（turn round）turn away 拒伸援手turn back 1) 往回走2) 把（某頁的角）折起來eg: Turn the page back and it will mark your place. 把某頁折個角，做個記號。turn down 1) 減弱，降低eg: Turn that redio down at once. 立刻把收音機(jī)關(guān)小點(diǎn)。2) 拒絕eg: She turned him dow

32、n. 她拒絕了他。turn in 1) 歸還eg: You must turn in your uniform when you leave tha army. 當(dāng)你離開部隊(duì)時你必須歸還制服。2) 上交，繳（美）eg: This is a poor piece of work youve turned in. 你交的作品很糟糕。5. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm and to get off the plane quietly as soon as it had touched do

33、wn.land v 著陸eg: This plane can land anywhere. 這架飛機(jī)可以再任何地方著陸。keep calm 保持鎮(zhèn)定keep+ adj 保持如何之意keep warm 保持溫暖keep silent 保持沉默tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事tell us to keep calm 告訴我們保持鎮(zhèn)定tell us to get off the plane quietly 告訴我們安靜的下飛機(jī)touch down 飛機(jī)著陸，相當(dāng)于 land6. Everybody on board was worried and we were curious t

34、o find out what had happened. 固定短語on board 表示“搭乘（船、飛機(jī)、火車、汽車等）”、“在（船、飛機(jī)、火車、汽車等）上”：eg: Tom has never been on board a plane before. 湯姆以前從沒有乘過飛機(jī)。eg: Have the passengers gone on board yet? 旅客已經(jīng)上船了嗎？eg: Please board the plane immediately.請立刻上飛機(jī)。be above board（商業(yè)交易）光明正大的eg: The deal was completely above bo

35、ard.這筆交易是完全光明正大的an above-board deal 光明正大的交易board at./with sb 寄膳eg: He boarded at my house/with me until he found an apartment.他找到住房之前，在我家寄膳go by the board計(jì)劃等告吹，放棄eg: I'm afraid the new car will have to go by the board. We can't afford it.我看買新車的事情要告吹了，我們買不起。be curious to do 1)好奇做某事eg: I am cu

36、rious to know what she said我真好奇的想知道她說了什么。2)愛管閑事的eg: She's always so curious about my work.她總愛打聽我的工作3)奇特的，不尋常的eg: It's curious that he didn't tell you.他沒有告訴你實(shí)在反常。curiosity n . 好奇心7. Later we learnt that there was very important person on board. learn v 得知（相當(dāng)于know)Learn (of/about)sth獲悉，得知e

37、g: I never learned his name.我從未聽說過他的名字Learn that it's no use blaming others。認(rèn)識到責(zé)備別人是沒有用learn one's lesson吸取教訓(xùn)eg: I'll never do that again. I've learnt my lesson.我再也不做那種事了，我已有了教訓(xùn)very important person 一個非常重要的人（VIP) VIP card 貴賓卡8. The police had been told that a bomb had been planted on

38、 the plane. After we had landed, the plane was searched thoroughly.plant v 安放，放置thorough adv 徹底地，完全地（相當(dāng)于completely）9. Fortunately, nothing was found and five hours later we were able to take off again. be able to 過去某事做成了某事take off 1）起飛2）脫下 (反義詞) put oneg： He took off his coat. 他脫下外套。3）模仿（以詼諧或嘲諷的方式模仿

39、或假扮某人）eg： He is always taking his teacher off. 他總是模仿他的老師。take after 相似，像 （相當(dāng)于 resemble)eg： Young Tom takes after his father. 小Tom長得像爸爸。在長相或性格方面像父親或者母親take up 1）填滿，占據(jù)(空間或時間),相當(dāng)于occupyeg：The wardrobe takes up a lot of space. 那個衣柜很占地方。eg: The wardrobe occupies a lot of space.2) 開始從事某事eg: He has taken u

40、p French. = He has begun to learn French. 他開始學(xué)法語了。take to 逐漸習(xí)慣于做某事（to是介詞，后面加名詞、代詞，動名詞做介詞賓語）eg: When his wife died, he took to drinking. 他妻子死后，他染上酗酒的習(xí)慣。take in 欺騙，蒙騙或愚弄某人eg: He was so persuasive that I was taken in. 他是如此的能說以至于我被欺騙了。eg: He was so persuasive that I was deceived. 他是如此的能說以至于我被欺騙了。take do

41、wn 寫下，記下 (相當(dāng)于write down)eg: The reporter took down everything I said. 這個記者記下我所說的一切。take over 接收，接管(相當(dāng)于 be in charge of)eg: The business was doing very badly until Jones took over. 公司經(jīng)營很差直到Jones接管之前。6. take off7. turn back8. keep calm9. touch down10. be curious to do sth11. on board【關(guān)鍵詞組摘錄】1. used to

42、 do sth 2. a great deal3. take charge of 4. unpleasant experience5. on one occasion【Key Structures 過去時/過去進(jìn)行時】 used to do/was(were)+doing一般過去時：描述某事過去發(fā)生的動作或處于的狀態(tài)，其中特殊結(jié)構(gòu)：used to do/was(were)+doing， 表示過去常常做某事，跟現(xiàn)在形成對比的， 即以前這樣做，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不這樣了過去進(jìn)行時： 構(gòu)成： was/were doing, 表示過去某事正在做某事Exercise 1. 用正確時態(tài)填空1. After taki

43、ng off, we were flying low over the city and slowly gaining height.起飛之后，我們在城市的上空低掠的飛行然后慢慢的爬高。2. While we were waiting to land, a flight attendant told us to keep calm.在我們等待降落的時候，一位空中乘務(wù)員告訴我們要保持鎮(zhèn)定。3. I used to travel by air a great deal when I was a boy. 當(dāng)我年幼的時候我經(jīng)常做飛機(jī)旅行。Exercise 2. 解釋一下兩個句在詞義上的不同點(diǎn)：1. I used to fly there from Europe in the hol