1、河南安陽市2020高考英語閱讀理解（二輪）演練題【2020高考訓練】閱讀理解一推理判斷題。Expensive perfumes（ 香水）come in tiny bottles, but many hide a whale-sized secret.To perfect a particular smell, perfume-makers often use an ingredient thatcomes from sperm whales, called ambergris. But using ambergris, which helps a perfume last longer, is

2、 strongly opposed by many people who think it iswrong to kill whales just so we can sweet, Joerg Bohlmannis neither a perfumer nor a whale expert, Hes a plant biologist at the University of BritishColumbia in Canada. But his discovery of a new plant gene（ 基因）might push whales out of the perfume busi

3、ness.The gene comes from fir trees, found throughout North America and commonly used as Christmas trees. The trees produce a chemical that can be used in perfume in place of ambergris but with a catch.“Theres a problem that many people wouldnt consider. In the tree, thechemical is mixed with many ot

4、hers. That makes separation a challenge,”Bohlmann says. Its like trying to isolate sugar from a biscuit.”This is where science becomes useful. When Bohlmann learned that fir treesproduce the ambergris-like chemical, he decided to use his gene know-how to find the instructions for how to make the amb

5、ergris-substitute.Bohlmann found that gene and took it out of the tree cells. Then he didsomething that might sound strange to someonewho doesnt work in genetics: Bohlmann put the gene from the tree into yeast（ 酵母）cells.Yeast may sound familiar because its used to make things like bread, wine and be

6、er. Biologists like to work tith yeast because it easily adopts new genes and changes its features and behavior. When Bohlmann put the fir tree into the yeast, the yeast started making the same chemical that had seen produced by the tree.Perfumers pay big money for ambergris because it is a fixative

7、, which means it holds a smell in place on a persons body.“Cheap perfumes smell good in the first hour or so and then everything it gone. explains Bohlmann. “But expensive perfumes are much more stable.Their smell lasts muchlonger, for hours or even a day after you appl y them. ” The new chemical, m

8、ade from the tree genes, can be used as a fixative, too.And using yeast to make it is far cheaper than acquiring ambergris.Bohlmann admits he never thought hed get into the perfume business. But now, he says, producers have been calling to find out how to use his technology in mew perfumes.1. It can

9、 be inferred from the passage that if a perfume contains ambergris, A. Its user probably supports whale huntingB. Its smell will last for about an hourC. There will be a whale symbol on hourD. It is probably very expensive2. The underlined expression“with a catch in Paragrph 3 means .A. Being diffic

10、ult to hold B. having a hidden problemC. needing further testing D. being too similar3. According to the passage, why are yeast cells often used in genetic research?A. They can take on the characteristics of other genesB. They can reproduce much faster than other cells.C. They share some of the qual

11、ities of plant genes.D. Theyre much cheaper to use than ambergris.4. What can we learn about Joerg Bohlmann from the passage?A. He is opposed to whale hunting.B. He made his discovery during Christmas.C. He has worked in the perfume industry for many years.D. He has previously done genetic esearch.語

12、篇解讀本文是一篇科普說明文。介紹了一種使香水香味持久的物質龍涎香，因這一物質來自于鯨，所以遭到人們的反對。科學家們發現一些樹中的化學物質可以用來取代它，他們利用酵母菌成功制造出了這些化學物質。1. D 推理判斷題。根據第二段第二句以及倒數第三段可知，含有龍涎香的香水價格昂貴，故D項正確。2. B 詞義猜測題。根據第四段中“Theres a problem that manypeople wouldntconsider.可知該詞組意為”有隱含的問題“， 故選B項正確。3. A 細節理解題。根據第七段第二句可知，由于酵母菌容易吸收其他基因，并將目的基因成功表達出來，故常被用于基因工程研究中，故 A

13、項正確。4. D 推理判斷題。根據第二段最后一句及第三段表達的語境可知，Joerg Bohlmann已經意識到，這些樹中某些基因所產生的和其他物質可以被用于香水中以代替龍涎香，但是這些化學物質和其他物質混合在一起，難以分離，故可以斷定，JoergBohlmann曾經做過基因研究，故D項正確。閱讀下列5篇短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B C和D）中，選出最佳選項。【 2020 高考訓練】Ashok Gadgil has spent the past three decades helping people in need and he has no plans to stop .On May2

14、, Gadgil won the$100 000 Lemelson-MIT Award for Global Innovation. Each year ， the honor is given to an inventor who has improved the lives of people in developing countries.Gadgil s inventionshave helped more than 100 million people around the world.Gadgil is a professor and physicist at the Univer

15、sity of California. When he s not teaching , he works to find solutions to global problems such as energy efficiency and wat er safety. “I chose to focus on problems where my knowledge of science could help J he saidIn the 1980s he came up with a program to make energy-efficient light bulbs more aff

16、ordable for people in developing countries. Then in the 1990s, Gadgil designed his first life saving invention , UVWaterworks .The device kills deadly disease carrying germs（ 病菌）from drinking water. It costs just one cent to clean five liters of water .Gadgil was inspired to find an inexpensive solu

17、tion to the clean water crisis after more than 10, 000 people in his homecountry of India died from an outbreak of Bengal cholera , in 1993 The disease is spread through contaminated food and drinking water .So far , the invention has provided safe drinking water to more than five million people in

18、poor areas.As a professor , Gadgil encourages his students to stay positive about finding solutions to hard problems.“ Be optimistic when you try a hardproblem. he says. It s when you solve a large problem that you can have a big impact on the world ” 41. Gadgil was given Lemelson-MIT Award for.A. h

19、is teaching experience B. his new physical research C. his vast knowledge D. his helpful inventions 42. What call we learn about UV Waterworks?A. Its Gadgil s first invention B. It s used to clean water .C. it was designed for his home country D. It saved 10, 000 people in total43 The underlined wor

20、d“cont amninated “ in Paragraph 3 means.Gadgil encourageshisA. wasted B. consumed C. polluted D. canned44 . According to the last paragraphstudents.A. to learn lessons from failuresB. to find problems in peaceful lifeC. to make inventions to help poor peopleD. to be confident when facing diffculties

21、45.Which of the following can best describe Gadgil?A. Caring and optimistic.B. Independent and positive.C. Powerful and strict.D. Responsible and sensitive.【參考答案】41 45、DBCDA【2020高考訓練】Global warming happens when greenhouse gases trap heat and light from the sun in the earth s atmosphere, which increa

22、ses the temperature. This is like when heat is trapped in a car. On a hot day, the car gets hotter when it is out in the parking lot. This is because the heat and light from the sun can get into the car, by going through the windows, but it can t getback out. This is what the greenhouse effect does

23、to the earth .The heat and light can get through the atmosphere, but it can t get out As a result , the temperature rises.Sometimes the temperature can change in a way that helps us. The greenhouse effect makes the earth appropriate for people to live on Without it , the earth would be freezing , or

24、 it would be burning hot. It would be freezing at night because we would not get the sun s heat and light .During the day, especially during the summer,it would be burning because the sunwould be up with no atmosphere to filter（ 過濾）it , so people , plants , and animals would be exposed to all the li

25、ght and heat.Although the greenhouse effect makesthe earth able to have people living on it ， if there gets to be too manygases， the each can get unusually warmer, and manyplants ， animals and people will die. Plants would die because they would not be able to take the heat .This would cause us to h

26、ave less foodto eat,and it would also limit the food that animals have. With less foodfor the animals that we need to survive we would even have less food.Gradually,people ， plants ， and animals would all die of hunger People are doing many things to try to stop global warming .One thing is carpooli

27、ng driving with someone to a place that you are both going to. Another thing is being more careful about leaving electrical devices turned on. Now,more people are even riding buses or bikes to lower the amount of greenhouse gases in the air .Although adults do many things to help stop global warming

28、,kids call do just as much.46. By the example given in Paragraph l, the author wants to.A. explain how global warming happensB. show his feeling in a car in hot summerC. tell us cars are causes of greenhouse gasesD. say that I there are greenhouse gases in every car47. The underlined word it ” in Pa

29、ragraph 2 refers to.A. light B. greenhouse effect C. temperature D. heat48. What is the effect of at mosphere?A. IT only traps the heat of the sun.B. It does great harm to humans.C. It makes the earth neither to hot nor too cold.D. It prevents all the light from the sun shining on the earth.49. What

30、 is the main idea of the third paragraph?A. lf there is greenhouse effect all the plants will dieB. Human beings are likely to disappear from the earthC. Crops can t take in the heat If there is greenhouse effectD. Although greenhouse effect is necessary Too much of it will cause us to die.50. What

31、will the author most probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. What kids can do to help stop global warming.B. Who should be responsible for the environmental problems.C. What global warming is doing to the environment.D. Why cars and buses pollute the air a lot【參考答案】46 50、 ABCDA社會生活類The wor

32、ld economy has run into a brick wall. Despite countless warnings in recent years about the need to address a potential hunger crisis in poor countries and an energy crisis worldwide, world leaders failed to think ahead. The result is a global food crisis. Wheat, corn and rice prices have more than d

33、oubled in the past two years. And oil prices have increased more than three times since the start of 2020. These food-price increases, combined with increasing energy costs, will slow if not stop economic growth in many parts of the world and will even affect political stability. Practical solutions

34、 to these problems do exist, but we ll have to start thinking ahead and acting globally.Here are three steps to ease the current food crisis and avoid the potential for a global crisis. The first is to promote the dramatic success of Malawi, a country in southern Africa, which three years ago establ

35、ished a special fund to help its farmers get fertilizer and seeds with high productivity.Malawi s harvest doubled after just one year. An international fund based on the Malawi model would cost a mere $10 per person annually in the rich world, or $10 billion altogether.Second, the U. S. and Europe s

36、hould abandon their policies of paying partly for the change of food into biofuels. The U. S. government gives farmers a taxpayer-financed payment of 51 cents per gallon of ethanol（乙醇）changedfrom corn. There may be a case for biofuels produced on lands that do not produce foods tree crops, grasses a

37、nd wood products but there s no case for the government to pay to put the world s dinner into the gas tank.Third, we urgently need to weather- proof the world s crops as soon and as effectively as possible. For a poor farmer, sometimes something as simple as a farm pondwhich collects rainwater to be used in dry weathercan make the difference between a good harvest and a bad one. The world has already committed to establishing a Climate Adaptation Fund to help poor regions climate-proof vital e