1、日本農業標準JAS簡介 Organic Product Certification According to the Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS) -An Introduction 簡介：基于日本農業標準的有機產品認證( JAS) Remark: CERES - CERtification of Environmental Standards GmbH - is an organic certifier accredited by DAP Germany for certification according to the European Reg

2、ulation 2092/91 on organic farming. CERES is in process for accreditation for the Japanese organic market, according to JAS. While this process is going on, allow our clients the access to the Japanese organic market. 備注：CRE暝一個被DAP(依據關于有機農業的歐洲 2092/91規則的組織)授權的有機認證 者。CERER寸日本有機產品市場進行授權的過程完全是根據 JAS,允許

3、我們的客戶進入日本 有機物市場。 1. What is organic production according to JAS? Organic production for the Japanese market, as part of the Japanese Agricultural Standards (JAS) is regulated by Notifications No. 59, 60, 806, 818, 819, 820, 821, 830, 513, 514, and 517 of the Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fis

4、hery (MAFF), all from year 2000. On March 9, 2001, MAFF officially recognised the equivalence of EUregulation (EEC) 2092/91 with JAS standards. Thereafter, also USDA/NOP-Final was recognised as equivalent. The accomplishment of JAS is supervised by the Dept. of Standards and Labelling of the MAFF.Cu

5、rrently, the standard is being revised. A new version will probably be put in force during 2005. The English version of JAS was published at: http:/www.maff.go.jp/soshiki/syokuhin/hinshitu/organic/eng_yuki_top.htm _ 基于JAS的有機產品是： 2000 年由農林漁部委(MAFF 制定的 59, 60, 806, 818, 819, 820, 821 , 513, 514, 519 和

6、517號通告規定了日本市場的有機產品作為日本農業標準的一部分。 2001年3月9日正式決定用 JAS標準代替歐盟 2092/91規則。因此，美國農業部的 NOPtk 可以用做替代。JAS標準是在MAFFW準與標識委員會指導下完成的。 當前這個標準正在修定中，新的版本可能在 2005年實施，英語版的JAS已經被公布在 http:/www.maff.go.jp/soshiki/syokuhin/hinshitu/organic/eng yuki top.htm 2. Differences with EU regulation and NOP NO的EU_Reg的不同 Some differenc

7、es with EU regulation and NOP Final Rule are: NOP 和 EU_Reg最終的 規定有以下幾點不同： 一 The above-mentioned notifications do not include animal products. Certification of meat, dairy products, eggs, honey, etc. is not yet possible according to JAS. 上面所提及的通告包括動物產品、肉類、生活用品、蛋類、蜂蜜等都不能依據 JAS。 Unlike EUregulation and

8、NOP, Notification 59 allows the use of potassium chloride (KCl) from mined sources as fertilizer. 與 NO府日 EU_Re并同,59 號通告允許使用礦 物質中的氯化鉀作為肥料。 Unlike EU regulation and NOP, Notification 59 does not allow the use of baking powder (potassium bicarbonate), alkaline extract of humic acids and lignosulfonates

9、 (mostly used as complex builder in micronutrient fertilizer). 與 NOF EU_Reg 同，59號通告不允許使用發酵粉 (碳酸氫鈉鉀)以及腐殖酸與木素酸化鹽的堿性提取液一(主 要用于肥料中微量營養素的混合液) Unlike EUregulation and NOP, Notification 818 explicitly requests good sanitary conditions for food processors and mentions that they must maintain superior qualit

10、y of the raw material and the products. 與 NOP EU_Re孫同,818 號通告明 確要求食品加工者有一個好的衛生條件，并且提出必須保持原材料物產品而高質量。 The main difference, however, is that JAS requires a formally established Grading Procedure, meaning that, before labelling the product and selling it to another company or directly exporting it to J

11、apan, the Grading Manager must verify, whether organic standards and internal instructions have been implemented accordingly. For each lot, this grading procedure must be documented on a checklist, which has to be filed during at least one year. 然而最主要的不同是 JAS 要求建立一 個正式的“分級程序”這就意味著在產品貼上標簽并賣到其它公司或直接出口

12、到日本之前， “分級管理者”必須核查是否已經按照說要求的那樣執行了有機標準和內部規定， 對于每一 個產品，都要將分級過程記錄在檢查表上，然后每年至少歸檔一次。 Organic exports to Japan must be labelled with the so-called JAS mark. This is a label that includes the name of the certifier and JAS. It must be used exactly in the form as it was approved by MAFF. 出口到日本的有機物必須貼上被稱為 JAS

13、標 志”的商標。這個商標包含認證者和 JAS的名字，并且必須按 MAFFa準的形式，準確的使 用它。 Production managers and grading responsibles must attend a JAS seminar, organized by a approved certifier, not later than one year after having obtained the first JAS certification. 產品經理和分級負責人必須參加由被授權的認證者舉辦的 JAS研討會。 這個研討會在獲得第一個 JAS認證的一年內舉行。 3. Who n

14、eeds to be certified Due to the agreement on equivalence (see above), inside the EU and inside the USA, only the final handler of the product needs to be JAS certified, if he is already EU or NOP certified. In other countries, all operators involved in the chain of roduction must be JAS certified. F

15、armer groups can be certified as such, if they have an internal control system (see Brief Info Group Certification). A processing or export company can take care of the internal control system and grading procedure of their group of suppliers. Exporters who do not process, pack or label themselves,

16、need not be JAS certified. 3. 誰需要認證？ 在美國或歐盟內，由于有等價協議(參見上面)，所以對已獲得 EU或NOPU證的，只有 該產品的最終經營者需要獲得 JAS認證。在其它國家，所有與生產鏈有關的操作員都需要 JAS認證。如果農場主們有內部控制系統的話 (參見集團認證簡介)，那么他們也可以照此獲 得認證。加工企業或出口企業可以處理內部控制系統和供應商們得分級程序。 那些自己沒有 加工，包裝和商標是不需要 JAS認證的。 4. - Formal steps requested to obtain and maintain JAS certification 獲得和

17、持有 JAS 認證的正式手續 (For general steps to organic certification, please see our Brief information: steps to certification. Below, we only describe steps, which are specific to JAS.) 對于獲得有機認證的一般手續，請參見”簡介：認證手續”。下面，我們只講述 JAS認證中 特有的手續。 As a first step, the interested producer has to submit a JAS application

18、form to CERES. we ask you to use the ceres-CERES application form (different forms for farms, producer groups, and for processors). 第一步：有關生產者向 CERE洗交 JAS 認證申請表。我們將要求使用 ceres Japan的申請表(對農業，制造業和加工業有不同的 表格)。 The company, farm or group must describe their Standard Operational Procedure (SOP) for the JAS

19、 grading system (see above N 2; we worked out some examples for farms, farmer groups and processors). In case of units, which already have a valid EU or NOP certificate, the JAS certificate can be issued based on the EU or NOP inspection report, plus the description of the grading SOP(see above). Th

20、e correct implementation of the grading system will be evaluated later, during the following routine annual inspection. 公司、農場、或集團必需對 JAS的分級系統描述他們的標準 操作流程(SOP (參見N2我們已經舉出了農場，生產商團體和加工商們的例子)。如果， 有些單位已經獲得了 EU或NOPU證，那么，根據 EU或NOP勺檢查報告另加 SOP分級描述， 可以為這些單位頒發 JAS認證(參見上面)。然后，在第二年的“每年例行檢查“中，再對分 級系統的正確實施進行評估。 In

21、 case of units without a valid organic certificate, an inspection has to take place, to verify the implementation of the organic management plan (OMP, see Brief inf steps to certification) and the grading SOP, and fulfilment of JAS standards, before the certificate can be issued. 對于沒有獲得任何有機證明的單位，在其獲

22、得 JAS認證之前，必需對它的有機管理計劃和 SO吩級程序的實施情況，以及 JAS標準的履覆 行情況進行核查。 CERES submits the organic management plan, the grading SOP, and the inspection report to ceres-Japan, and, if necessary, clarifies open questions with ceres. CERES 把有機管理報告，SO吩級結果和檢查報告提交給 ceres Japan。如果有必要，就向ceres 闡明所有問題。 Once all requirements a

23、re fulfilled, ceres-Japan issues a JAS certificate. Together with the certificate, the unit receives the ceres-Japan JAS mark (see above) through CERES(once CERESbbtains its own accreditation, it will be the JAS mark). This seal must be placed on each bag, box or other unit to be exported to Japan,

24、or sold to the next unit in the supply chain. 一旦覆行了 所有要求， Japan將頒發JAS認證。與此同時，被認證單位也會通過 CERES攵到和認證一起的 的JAS標志。(一旦 CERE馱得授權，這個標志將足“ CERES JAS標志”)。這標志必須 CERES ceres ceres 被貼到出耳乳臨磁在。 All JAS cei； bofwtarnha p- _ :he organic exports to Jap (April! To March 3I 7hes rtified operatorshave t raduc: rot ant an

25、. The re ummarized information for th submitedto wecer描e冏ntil June d in time. JA 本出中有機物的情況年才參考年份是腎 瓦提交。 nformation is not submitte， 總信息必需在6月30，日 5. G a 袋子，相袋子，相惑曲給作席惑曲給作席昏昏|!|!3 ctionbody annually 曲9質 Japanese, economic year 廣 e previous lyear mGst be 二 not possible if this mwi_ 4月1號到來年蒞 融巢祖愚祎目莪有及時提

26、交/將不能進 )inform Jthe inspe ference year is the 0. Recertification is 哪ly郵ut ；yeaw 細描逐（說明） 、須向檢查機構通告每年向日 31號）上年的匯 Details of the Grading S ading means that PR (th(- fo lowed.、?The resql h em MISSING .業:旦咿索統的詳 UTHORIZINGTHEUSEOF THE JAS SEL the person in charge ecks that of thi e Gra啪鯽ageM lowed* .The

27、result duiing at leOst one 分級意味是敞授權使用 JAS the respective lot the outlined 踢 弓島 i 叫 be *。師。耳船思。 verification has to r. W , cklist which , _ _ _ :.一 一一十 ，、-、羅冷律淀者)4查下SOP索統h案的各個事 項。制商金查結果秒錄在檢查列次。 The unit applying for JAS certification has to name a grading manager. JAS teria concerning qualification a

28、nd/or experience of the, estab KiBgXr 濟-F雖- grading manqger. In gdoups or bgger companies, the grading manager can have his t grading manager has to attend ，于分級管理員資格和客 assistants. a JAS seminar, not later t,han one year after first JAS certification. 國用JAS加，黑隨珂任命分級管理員。 JAS已經建立了力 的公司，分級管理員可以有自己的助手。例如

29、負責生產，分級管 這個研討班會在獲得認證的一年內舉行。 ing system Works as follows: Like the responsibles for production, the 驗的詳 如敞難靠即目我& JSW typical graaii 細 員 A 一個典型另域緊垸的工作流程如下所示: 罰KN以實施孔 *Not always, the seal (JAS mark) will be placed last. In many systems, the product arrives already with the seal. In this case, the

30、grading manager verifies, whether the seal has the required characteristics. If the product does not comply, the grading manager makes sure that the seal is withdrawn, or the product is put in another container, without JAS mark. JAS標志不總是被放置在最后.在許多系統中，產品分級完成前已經用了 JAS標志.在這情 況下，分級管理員要檢查產品是否有標志所要求的特性 .

31、。如果產品不合要求，分級管理員 必須撤回印章，或把產品放在其他沒有 JAS標志的集裝箱中。 General JAS Grading overview: JAS 分級程序全面概述： Farms農場 Farmer groups 小農戶團體 Processors/ Manufacturers 加工者/制造業者 Minimum requirements for grading manager 分級管理員的最彳氐要求 3 years of experience in agriculture or related research, or 2 years of highschool level cours

32、es in agronomy 有從事農業或相關研究的 3年經驗。或兩年制的農業學專業學 3 years of experience in agriculture, or a university degree in agronomy plus 1 year of practical experience, or a highschool degree in agronomy plus 2 years of experience 有從事農業的3年經驗，或有農學大學學位加上 1年的實際經驗，或有農學專業大專 學學歷加2年的實際經驗。 3 years of experience in quality

33、 management. In case of persons with a university degree, less practical experience is required. 需 3 年的質量管理經驗。 假如有大學 學位，可以適當的降低實際經驗的年限。 Who can be grading manager 分級管理員的人選 An employee, but also the farmer himself, or the farm administrator 時也是農民，或農場管理人 Usually, the persons responsible for the intern

34、al control system 部控制系統負責的人 Must be independent from the production and sales departments 和營銷部門 Typical reference documents for grading (depending on the kind of production and process)分級過程的典型文檔(依靠各種生產和加工) -Plot history -Invoices for seeds, fertilizers and pest control products -Field diaries -Harve

35、st diaries -Packing diaries -etc. 歷史情況 -種子，肥料和控制有害物產品的發票 -農田日志 -收割日志 -包裝日志 -其他 -Approved farmers list -Internal inspection reports -Processing and packing diaries -etc. 被核查的農民列表 -內部檢驗報告 -加工和包裝日志 其他. -Reception documents for raw material -Copies of certificates of raw material suppliers -Storage book

36、s -Processing protocols -Cleaning protocols -etc. 為原料的接收文件 -原料供應者的證書副本 -儲藏日志 -加工草案 -清潔草案 -其他 6. Documents required for JAS certification JAS 認證所需的文件 ADDITIONAL records required for JAS certification, besides those, which are necessary according to EU regulation or NOP:除了必需依照歐盟規則或 NOP記錄之夕卜, JAS認證所需的附

37、加記錄： Application for JAS certification JAS 認證的申請 SOPs for JAS grading 為 JAS 分級的 SOPs Documents showing that these SOPs are being implemented for each lot sold with JAS mark可以顯示已經銷售的每項貼有 JAS標志的產品執行 SOPs情況的文檔。 Records of products sold with JAS mark 帖有JAS標志被銷售的產品記錄 A list of the main tools/machinery/eq

38、uipment used for organic production （including farming and processing tools） 用來進行有機生產的主要工具 /器械/儀器的 目錄（包括耕作和加工工具） In case of farms: plot histories for all plots, for at least 3 years, including details on all fertilizers, amendments and plant protection products used during this time （in case the org

39、anic management plan does not include these details） 至 既是職員，同 通常，能夠對于內 必須獨立于生產部門 少要有農場3年內所有情況的歷史記錄，包括肥料，改善和植物保護產品在這期間被用的 所有細節（以防有機管理計劃不包括這些細節 ） A drawing of all warehouses and other buildings belonging to the unit. 該單位 所有倉庫和其他的建筑物的繪圖 Transport records. 運輸記錄 7. Labelling requirements All products sol

40、d as JAS organic, must carry the JAS mark. Together with the certificate, CERESwill provide its clients an electronic version of the JAS-ceres seal. If the products are shipped to Japan in bags, the JAS seal must be on each bag or a JAS seal tag must be attached to each bag. If the product is shippe

41、d in bulk containers, the JAS seal must appear on the Invoice or Bill of Lading. It is recommended that the seal appears both on the bulk products and the shipping documents. If the official shipping document cannot be altered, a page bearing the JAS seal can be attached. The JAS certified repacker

42、in Japan will repackage the product and put the JAS seal on the new packaging. 商標要求： 所有被當做JAS有機品”賣的產品，一定攜帶 JAS標志。連同證書一起，CERES務會提 供它的客戶一個電子版本 JAS-ceres標志.如果產品用袋子被裝船運送到日本 ，每個袋子 必須有JAS印章（標志）或每個袋子附上一個 JAS印章標簽.如果產品用大量的集裝箱裝 船運送，裝載發票或裝載清單上一定要有 JAS印章（標志）。建議把印章（標志）分別付在 散貨和貨運單上.如果正式的船載文件不能更改， 可把帶有JAS印章（標志）的紙頁

43、附在上 邊。JAS授權的包裝工將會對產品重新包裝并把 JAS印章（標志）印在新的包裝上。 Details of the seal: The interlocking circles of the JAS mark must be at least 5 mm high （not including the text underneath the circles）. The text underneath the circles must say the name of the certifier （ceres for the moment）. The form and proportions of the JAS seal may not be altered. Any colour is permitted. The position of the JAS mark is