1、Chapt erone課文重點詞匯和短語pay attention to 注意 go wrong 出毛病，出錯 break down 拋錨for example 例如lose memory 失憶become worse 變得更糟be angry with對生氣吉尼斯世界記錄大全長 / 短時記憶 一個腦傷的男人the Guinness Book of Records a short-term/long-term memory a man with an injured brainamazing stories 令人驚嘆的故事be connected to與相連be/feel amazed at對

2、感至獷原訝make an excuse 找借口 /借故 make an apology to sb. 道歉 write an article on the topic include a feature about sth.look up a word in the dictionary寫一篇關于這個主題的文章增加一個關于的特寫（報道）在字典 里查詢單詞agree v. 同意 agree to VWe agreed to leave at once. 我們同意立即走。 agree to sth. 贊同；允許She agreed to my idea. 她同意我的想法。 agree with s

3、b. 同意某人的意見I agree with Jim. 我同意 Jim 的意見。 agree with sth. 贊同I don t agree with experiments on animals.agree on sth. 對意見一致They all agree on this case. 他們對此案件意見一致。 I think it s a bad idea. “I couldn t agree more” .(=I completely agree) 我認為這是一個壞主意。 “我完全同意”。反義詞：disagree v. 不同意everyday adj. “日常的；例行的；平凡的”相

4、當于 daily.The article is written in everyday language.這篇文章寫得淺顯易懂。every day 副詞短語 “每一天，天天”He gets up at 6:30 every day. 他每天6： 30 起床。注意 death ， die 與 dead 和 dyingdeath 是名詞，意思是死亡，die 是動詞，死；dead 是形容詞“死了的，死亡的”之意； dying 是形容詞，意思是即將死亡的，垂死的語法：由if和unless引導的條件狀語從句含有if的復合句由兩個分句組成；if為連詞，引導條件狀語從句，另一 句為主句。如果談論的是某一個動

5、作發生后勢必會產生某個結果，那么主從句都用一 般現在時態。e.g. If you boil water, it becomes steam.If you drop a glass, it breaks.如果談論的是如果某一個動作或事情發生后，很可能將會產生某種結果，那么在復句中主句的動詞用一般將來時，而 if從句仍然是一般 現在時。If he arrives in Hong Kong, he will call me.若if 條件句放句首，從句后面要加逗號，和主句隔開 unless 與if 用法相似，相當于ifnot e.g. You will fail the exam if you don

6、' tprepare for it. 一 You will fail the exam unless you prepare for it.同步練習() You will miss the train _you hurry up.A. unless B as C. if D. until()Tom will call me if he_Shanghai.A. arrives B.will reach C arrives in D.get toChapter 2一.課文重點詞匯和短語1. look at oneself in the mirror照鏡子成功做某事-into trouble

7、 使2. succeed in doing sth. = do sth successfully3. instead of 代替 =in place of 4. get陷入麻煩中5. be in trouble with與之間有麻煩6.be in trouble 陷入困境7.all around the world 全世界 8. bad-tempered脾氣壞的9. a number of 許多 =many /a lot of /lots of /plenty of10. in totalll.stay up熬夜12. the number of 的數量13. fall asleep睡著 go

8、 to sleep去睡覺14. come to life 有生氣 , 活躍15. play a trick on捉弄16.stay in bed 臥床17.escape from逃離18. laugh at 嘲笑19.be full of = be filled with 充滿20. try to do sth 盡力做某事21. in the late 1930s 20世紀30 年代末22. think of 想到；想起；想出think about 考慮 think over 仔細思考23. tell sb to do sth 告訴某人做某事24. a man called = a man w

9、ho is called 叫的人二語法形容詞概述1. 形容詞 用來修飾名詞，說明事物的性質，特征或狀態。Mary is a good girl.The cartoons also have a long history.2. 形容詞放在連系動詞之后，如： be, look, sound, taste, smell, feel, seem,turn, keep, come It looks beautiful .The cake doesn t taste sweet.3. 形容詞做賓語補足語. 它們能使動作完整并通常與一些特定的動詞如：make,keep, want, find, think,

10、 prefer連用。They thought it would be funny to make the mouse clever .I drank a lot of coffee tokeep myself awake.4形容詞與不定式連用的兩個句型。（1） It is + 形容詞 +of / for sb. + to do sth.若形容詞是描述不定式行為者的性格、品質的，如kind ， good， clever ，careless ， polite ， foolish 等，用 of sb. 。It s ver y kindyouhelp me.It s clever youwork ou

11、t the maths problem.若形容詞僅僅是描述事物，不是對不定式行為者的品格進行評價，用for sb.這類形容詞有difficult ， easy， hard ， important ， dangerous， （ im） possible等。It s very dangerouschildren cross the busy street.It s difficult usfinish the work.（2） n. + be + 形容詞 + to do sth.Comics are wonderful （ read）The film is exciting （see）.5. 形容

12、詞修飾不定代詞應位于其后：I have （ 一些重要的事情） to tell you.Is there （ 有趣的事情） in today s newspaper?6. 以 -ed 和 -ing 結尾的形容詞的比較：人的感本身的特以 -ed 結 尾 的 形 容 詞 強 調受 :excited,interested,surprised,frightened以 -ing 結 尾 的 形 容 詞 強 調 某 事 物征 :exciting,interesting,surprisingThis is an book and I am in it. （ interest）We were all deepl

13、y by the story. （ move）7. 注意1) Good是形容詞，副詞是 well。但是well也可以作為形容詞，但只能指身 體好的。2）有些詞既可以當形容詞，又可以做副詞：Long, early, late, high, low,enough, much ， hard （hardly 意思為幾乎不，不是hard 的副詞 ）a. He is a hard student. b.He works very hard .very fastt like to eat late .a. She is a fast runner. b.She runsa. Do you like late

14、 dinners? b.No,I don3)很多副詞由形容詞加詞尾-ly構成副詞，有些名詞加ly后可構成形容詞（friend +ly -friendly友好的love+ lylovely 可愛的 ）復習：形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級1. 形容詞副詞比較級和最高級的構成單音節詞加-er 和 -est hard-harder-hardest輔音字母y 結尾 變 y 為 i ，再加 -er/ -est easy- easier- easiest重讀音節并且是 “輔音字母+元音字母+輔音字母”要雙寫輔音字母再加-er/-esthot-hotter-hottest big-bigger-biggest多

15、音節詞前加more /most beautiful-more beautiful-most beautiful2. 形容詞和副詞的比較級和最高級的用法兩者進行比較A=B as + 形容詞或副詞的原級 + asI am as tall as you.Lucy sings as well as Lily.Aw B not so/as +形容詞或副詞的 原級+ asHe is not as/so careful as his brother.He doesn t run as/so quickly as me.A> B或A< B形容詞或副詞的 比較級+ thanYou are two y

16、ears younger than me.He is a little stronger than his father.Nancy dances better than her classmates.三者或三者以上進行比較使用形容詞或副詞的最高級 常接 in 或 of 表比較范圍Who is the tallest in Class Three?Shanghai is the largest of all the cities.注意 ： one of + 最高級 + 名詞的復數China is one of the strongest countries in the world.the +

17、 序數詞 + 最高級+名詞的單數The Yellow River is the second longest river in the world.注意以下幾種情況：A. 形容詞或副詞的比較級前可用much, a little, a bit ,even, far等程度副詞或詞組表示不同程度，但是注意，very 不行。I m a little/ much/far richer than you.Football is much more exciting than basketball.B.比較級+and +比較級表“越來越” stronger and stronger more and mor

18、e beautifulC. "the +比較級，the +比較級”表示“越是越是” The busier she is, the happier she is.同步練習( )1. You don t look soas usual.Why don t you go to see a doctor?A. well B. betterC. badlyD. worse()2. It is lucky to get such a good chance.A. for him B.with him C.of him D.to him( )3. The film is wonderful .A.

19、 seeing B. to see C. saw D. see( )4. This is gift I have ever received. I love it very much.A. the best B. better C. worse D. the worst( )5. The fish smells.A. badlyB. well C. badD. terribly( )6.Allenspent time on the composition, so he made mistakesthan Tony.A. fewer, more B. less, fewer C. much, m

20、any D. more, fewer ( )7. They both worked for MGM in the1930s.A. late B. later C. latter D. last( )8. The reason why so many people sit before the television tonightis that there will be a show.A. living B. live C. alive D. lived( )9. This bag is as as that one.A. better B. good C. best D.well( )10.

21、 I find it to understand.A. easy B. easily C. to easy D. easylyChapter 3一 課文重點詞匯和短語make oneself clear闡述清楚be in danger在危險中environmental problems環境問題keep sb from (doing) sth 阻止某人做某事stop sb from (doing) sth 阻止某人做某事prevent sb from (doing) sth 阻止某人做某事in the form of =in the style of 以的形式cut down trees砍伐樹木

22、take in harmful gases = absorb harmful gases 吸入有害氣體throw away 丟掉all the way全程；一路上mountains of = a mountain of =a number of = a lot of大量in order to 為了environmentally friendly環保的damage the environment 破壞環境act as / act like 扮演，充當greenhouse effect 溫室效應cause sb/ sth to do sth 導致去做as many/ much as 多達 reac

23、h= arrive in/ at = get to至U達lead to 導致take action to do sth采取行動去deal with 處理be on fire著火be harmful to sb =be bad for 對有害be different from= be not the same as與 . 不同as a result 結果be grateful to sb= be thankful to sb對感激 二語法A Why-questions:Why特殊疑問詞why用來問原因，“為什么”，回答時用because,表“因為”； 注意 : so 表示所以，在英語中，不能和b

24、ecause 連用A:Why do you like Tom andJerry?B: Because they are veryfunny.Because he was ill, so he didn t come to school. xHe didn t come to school because he was ill. = He was ill, so he didn t come to school. VB Patterns expressions a comparison 比較句型及表達 (not) as aslikethe same as different from1 . (n

25、ot) as as表示在某一點上兩事物(不)相同as-as之間必須用形容詞或副詞的原級I m not as tall as my brother.Eric studies as hard as his twin sister.常用短語：as much (+n. ) as 和一樣多，如那么多，修飾不可數名 詞as many (+ n. ) as 盡可能多(修飾可數名詞)as soon as 盡快，一就as fast as盡可能快例句：? You can eat as much ( chicken ) as you like.? You should remember as many Englis

26、h words as you can.? Finish your homework as soon as possible.? After school, he ran home as fast as he could.2 like ( 介詞)用于說明兩事物在一個或更多的方面相同.like+ 名詞或代詞as 也表示像的意思，但 as 后接 從句The boy looks like his father.I ll do as you advise.3 the same as 用于說明某事物與另一個一樣.I m not the same height as my brother.We have l

27、ived in this same house for thirty years.same 前面必須有定冠詞the ，后加單數名詞4 . different 正好相反，前面不用加the ，后面 用復數名詞We study in the same school, but in different classes.There are different books on the same subject.Note: 但也可以說a different 加單數名詞This is a different girl from the one I saw just now.? different from

28、用于說某事物和另一個不一樣.The dog is different from the other.* 很多情況下，not as as, not the same as和 different from 之間可以互換.I m not as heavy as him.=I m not the same weight as him.=My weight is different from his.同步練習1. This film is not so interesting that one.D. tohe has a bad cold.A. asB. thanC. for2. -Is Tom at

29、school today? -No, he s at homeA. because B. ifC. until D. before3. He has books as I. I have money as he.A. as much; as many B. as many; as much C. as many; so much D. more; more4. I ' m not sure whether Tony can sing Pansy!A. as well asB. as good asC. so good asD. as better as5. Look! The boy

30、in the river is danger.A. withB. onC. inD. above6. Mike prefers to .A. to swim; skating B. swimming; skating C. to swim; skate D. swimming; skate7. Most of my classmates don' t like playing football, but I am them. I likeit very much.A. the same asB. different from C. likeD. pleased with8. The p

31、ark is beautiful that many people come to visit it everyyear.A. so; suchB.such; soC.such; suchD. so; so9.your help, I can't work out the problem.A. WithB. No C. WithoutD. Under10. Your schooluniform is differentours, butdon't throw themA. away; fromB. from; away C. as; fromD. to; as11. The h

32、eavy rainusto school.A. keeps; goingB. stops; going C. to keep; to goD. stops; togo12. The teacher asked usin class.A. not talkB. to not talk C. not to talkD. don ' t talk13. I went to school withoutanything.A. to eatB. eating C. eatD. to eating14. We should read booksA as much as possibleB. as

33、many as possibleC. as many as you canD. as much as you can15. I have to dohomework today. I am very busy.A. too much B. too manyC. much tooD. littleto go to school today.16.She was sick yesterday, but she isA. enough goodB. good enough C. well enough D. enough wellChapter 4一.重點單詞和短語1. accept v.接受；承認

34、（反義詞refuse ）2. educational adj. 教育 ( n. education )3. exchange n. & v. 交換；交流4. host n. 主人(反義詞guest)5. own adj. 自己的 v. 擁有 ( n. owner)6. simple = easy adj. 簡單的(反義詞difficult )7. culture n. 文化 ( adj. cultural)8. confident adj. 自信的 ( n. confidence) 9. deep adj. 深的 ( adv. deeply)10. improve v. 改善，改進(

35、n. improvement) 短語1. take a visit / trip to 去某處參觀(旅行) 2. be able to do 能向某人做關于某事的報告全世界7. make friends with夠做3. give a talk about/ on sth. to sb.4. throughout the world= all over the world5. live/ stay with與生活在一起6. go on sightseeing (tours) 去觀光交朋友從那時起；打那8. as well as 還；也；不及9. since then10. keep/get i

36、n touch with12.in order that 為了 感到有信心14. look forward to doing16.go on a sightseeing tour地打動以后與保持聯系11. in case 萬一13. be confident of.對.15.apply for 申請進行觀光旅游17. be deeply moved 被深深18. win a scholarship 贏得獎學金19. improve the situation 改 善情況 二 語法：目的狀語、結果狀語、讓步狀語從句的用法【目的狀語從句】我們能用so that 和 in order that 去談

37、論目的，他們叫做目的狀語從句。在目的狀語從句中我們經常用can, may, will 或者 shall 或者 could, might,would 或者 should 。例如 ： We got up early so that we could catch the first train.我們早起為了趕上早班車.He studies hard so that he could find a better job in the future.他努力學習為了以后能有一份更好的工作.解釋句子1. He puts on his coat so that he won ' t feel cold

38、.He puts on his coat he won ' t feel cold.2. Mary often wears high heels in order that she may look taller.Mary often wears high heels look taller.Mary often wears high heels she may look taller.【結果狀語從句】我們用去談論一個行為或者狀況的結果。他們叫做結果狀語從句。廠adjective（形容詞）、yadverb（副詞）>so manyfew+ 可數名詞復數thatmuchlittle

39、不可數名詞 ->/ aan+形容詞+可數名詞單數such L形容詞+可數名詞復數不可數名詞j that用so that 或者such that填空：1. It was hot in the cinema I felt very uncomfortable.2. It was a funny film I laughed until I cried!3. few people came to see the film the manager put on anotherfilm instead.4. Tom hurt his legs badly he was not able to wa

40、lk for sixmonths.5. There were many people at the party our house got toocrowded.6. Joy has a strong love of films she goes to the cinema everyweek.解釋句子1. She is so short that she can ' t play basketball well.She is short basketball well.She is not enough play basketball well.2. The boy is so yo

41、ung that he can not go to school.The boy is young go to school.【讓步狀語從句】讓步狀語從句通常由單詞 although或者though連接.這兩個單詞可以連接 兩個相反的或者相對照的描述.例如 : Although the trip was hard work, it was a very valuable experience for me.雖然旅行是苦差事, 對我來說卻是一次難得的體驗.Sam did quite will in the exam although he was unprepared.薩姆在這次考試中雖然沒有準

42、備, 但他考得很好.Linda still spares time to help people though she is always very busy. 琳達雖然非常忙但她仍然花時間去幫別人.同步練習( )1. Every child looks forward to lots of presents on Christmas Eve.A. get B. gets C. getting D. got( )2. he was ill ,he worked hard.A. Though B. So C. Although D. A and C( )3John has many foreig

43、n friends. Hethem by email.A. keeps in touch with B. take actionC. pays attention to D .looks after( )4.Keep my phone number there is something wrong.A.so B. in case C.but D.in case of( )5.It is rainingheavily we cannot go out for a walk.A.such;thatB.as;asC.such;asD.so;that( )6.Mary isa nice gril ev

44、eryone likes her very much.A.so;thatB.such; thatC.so;in order thatD.such;though( )7. What do you think of Tom?- Clever enough he is only a little boy.A.but B.though C.because D.so( )8.Tom is working hard he can get good marks in the final exam.A.so as to B.in order to C.in order D.so that( )9. How d

45、o you like the film, Tony?-It isfilm that I have seen it several times.A.a so interesting B. a such interestingC.such a interesting D.so interesting a( )10. There is cigarette smokein the cinema I can hardlybreathe.A.so much, that B.so many; thatC.such many, that D.so;that( )11. ， I have never met h

46、er.A. Since then B From then onC. Now then D. Since then on.( )12.The aim learn about the life of the poor in China.A. are to B.is to C.is going D. will going toChapter 5重點單詞和短語would rather do sth 寧愿做某事be worth doing 值得一做be born with 出生save up儲蓄at the age of 在歲的時候 give sb a hand 幫助某人win prize/ award

47、s 獲得獎 give up 放棄at a price 以很高代價have a happy childhood 度過幸福的童年be strict with sb in sth 對某人在某方面要求嚴格practise playing the piano 練習彈鋼琴make up one s mind to do sth=decide to do sth 下決心做某事quit one s job 辭職in place of = in stead of代替from then on 從那以后get one ' s big chance 獲得.的好機會be responsible for 負責 a

48、t huge events在大型活動(事件)中piano competition 鋼琴比賽choose sb to do sth 選擇某人做某事without any effort 輕而易舉fall ill生病be tired of sth/ doing sth 厭倦 be grateful to sb 對感激a talented man 有天賦的人encourage and support sb 鼓勵并支持某人二 語法： 過去進行時過去進行時態：過去進行時表示過去某時正在進行的狀態或動作。結構如下be( was/were) +doing否定：be( was/were) not +doing疑

49、問：be (was/were) 提前，句號變問號。1 .表示過去某時間點或時間段發生的事情。at+時間點，at this time, at thattime My father was watching TV at 6p.m. yesterday.2 was doing my homework from 7 to 9 yesterday evening.3 .表示過去某時間點或時間段發生的事情。when從何表示時間點。I was reading a book when he came in.He was cleaning the room when I saw him.4 .兩個動作（延續性）

50、同時發生，主從句的動詞都可用過去進行時。從句用when 或while 引導。While other one-year-old babies were sleeping in their parents' arms,Lang Lang was learning how to read music.He was practising the piano when I was cooking.5 .when 與 while 區別：when +從句，可以延續性動詞（過去進行時），也可以短暫性動詞（一般過去時）；while + 從句，一定是延續性動詞（過去進行時）。當我看到他的時候，他正在吃早飯

51、。He was having breakfast when I saw him.X總結：只能表示時間段，其后只能用過去進行時。X 既可表示某一個時間點，也可以表示某一個時間段，所以其后的 動詞可以時延續性動詞，也可以是短暫性動詞。請用when和while填空。1. I got home, he was having supper.2. we were still laughing, the teacher came in.1.1 was reading letters last night, he was watching TV.4. She was very surprised she sa

52、w me.5. Please do not talk so loud others are working.注意：不用于進行時的動詞：agree, be, believe, belong, care, forget, hate,hear, know, like, love, mean, mind, notice, own, remember, seem, suppose, understand, want, wish 等。X表示過去按計劃、安排將要發生的事。常用come, go, leave, start, arrive 等表示位置移動的動詞的進行時態表將要發生的動作。He told me t

53、hat he was leaving for Shanghai the next day.X與一般過去時的區別：A 一般過去時往往表示某一動作已經完成，而過去進行時表示動作在持續或未完成。She did her homework last night.（作業做完了）She was doing her homework last night.(作業不一定寫完)B 一般過去時表示動作只做一次，而過去進行時表示動作反復進行。He waved to me.(揮了揮手)He was waving to me.( 不斷地揮手)Chapter 5鞏固練習選擇填空：()1. - What did you se

54、e over there just now?-Some children kites.A. was flying B. were flying C. are fly D. are flying()2. - What was he doing you went to say goodbye to him?-He a picture.A. while; were drawing B.when; was drawingC. when; drew D. while; draw()3. - I called you at half past nine this morning, but there wa

55、s no answer.-Oh, sorry. I chess with my friends in the backyard.A. were playing B. played C. was playing D. am playing()4.- What were you doing when the bell?-I with my mother.A. rang; were watching TV B. going out; was chattingC. went off; was dancingD. ringing; were arguing()5. He was busy working in the office someone broke in.A. while B when C after D before()6. I Fuji Mountain while I was staying in Japan.A. visited B. was visiting C had visit