1、1 表示“某國人”的單復(fù)數(shù)變化形式簡(jiǎn)單句的五種基本句型1.主語+謂語（不及物動(dòng)詞）（不及物動(dòng)詞：后面不能接賓語的動(dòng)詞）2.主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語（及物動(dòng)詞：后面能接賓語的動(dòng)詞）3.主語+系動(dòng)詞（be動(dòng)詞/ 感官動(dòng)詞）+表語（名詞/ 數(shù)詞/ 形容詞/ 介詞短語）4.主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（物）主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+直接賓語（物）+介詞+間接賓語（人）5.主語+謂語（及物動(dòng)詞）+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語名稱總稱（謂語用復(fù)數(shù)）單數(shù)復(fù)數(shù)中國人the chinese a chinese two chinese 日本人the japanese a japanese two jap

2、anese 瑞士人the swiss a swiss two swiss 俄國人the russian sa russian two russian s意大利人the italian san italian two italian s澳大利亞人the australian san australian two australian s美國人the american san american two american s印度人the indian san indian two indian s加拿大人the canadian sa canadian two canadian s德國人the ge

3、rman sa german two german s英國人the englishm en an englishman two englishm en 法國人the frenchm en a frenchman two frenchm en 希臘人the greek sa greek two greek s瑞典人the swedesa swede two swede s2 各種時(shí)態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu) 主動(dòng)語態(tài)（主語為動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者）肯定式：主語+動(dòng)詞原形/動(dòng)詞-s(es)+ 1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式：主語+don/doesn+動(dòng)詞原形 + 行為動(dòng)詞疑問式：do/does +主語+動(dòng)詞原形 +? 肯定式：主語+am

4、/is/are + 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式：主語+ am not/isn t/aren t +be動(dòng)詞疑問式：am/is/are+主語+? 肯定式：主語+動(dòng)詞過去式+2、一般過去時(shí)否定式：主語+didn t+動(dòng)詞原形+行為動(dòng)詞疑問式：did+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+? 肯定式：主語+was/were + 一般過去時(shí)否定式：主語+ wasn t/weren t +be動(dòng)詞疑問式：was/were+主語 +? 肯定式：主語+will+動(dòng)詞原形 + 3、一般將來時(shí)否定式：主語+won t+動(dòng)詞原形+疑問式：will+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+? 肯定式：主語+ am/is/are+going to+ 動(dòng)詞原形+一般將來時(shí)否

5、定式：主語+am not/isn t/aren t+going to +動(dòng)詞原形疑問式：am/is/are +主語+going to +動(dòng)詞原形+? 肯定式：主語+ am/is/are+ 動(dòng)詞- ing+4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)否定式：主語+ am not/isn t/aren t+動(dòng)詞-ing+疑問式：am/is/are +主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+? 3 肯定式：主語+ has/have+ 過去分詞+5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定式：主語+ hasn t/haven t+過去分詞+疑問式：have/has+主語+過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ has/have+ been+ 動(dòng)詞-ing+6、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)否定式：主語

6、+ hasn t/haven t+been+ 動(dòng)詞-ing+疑問式：have/has +主語+been+動(dòng)詞-ing+? 肯定式：主語+ was/were+ 動(dòng)詞-ing+7、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)否定式：主語+ wasn t/weren t+動(dòng)詞-ing+疑問式：was/were +主語+動(dòng)詞-ing+? 肯定式：主語+would+動(dòng)詞原形+8、過去將來時(shí)否定式：主語+wouldn t+動(dòng)詞原形+疑問式：would+主語+動(dòng)詞原形+? 肯定式：主語+ had+過去分詞+9、過去完成時(shí)否定式：主語+ hadn t+過去分詞+疑問式：had+主語+過去分詞+? 被動(dòng)語態(tài)（主語為動(dòng)作的承受者）肯定式：主語+

7、am/is/are+ 過去分詞+1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)否定式：主語+ am not/isn t/aren t+過去分詞+疑問式：am/is/are +主語+過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ was/were+ 過去分詞+2、一般過去時(shí)否定式：主語+ wasn t/weren t+過去分詞+疑問式：was/were +主語+過去分詞+? 4 肯定式：主語+will+be+過去分詞+3、一般將來時(shí)否定式：主語+won t+be+ 過去分詞+疑問式：will+主語+be+ 過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ am/is/are+being+ 過去分詞+4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)否定式：主語+ am not/isn t/aren

8、t+being+過去分詞+疑問式：am/is/are +主語+being+過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ has/have+been+ 過去分詞+5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)否定式：主語+ hasn t/haven t+been+過去分詞+疑問式：have/has+主語+been+ 過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ was/were+being+ 過去分詞+6、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)否定式：主語+ wasn t/weren t+being+過去分詞+疑問式：was/were +主語+being+過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+would+be+過去分詞+7、過去將來時(shí)否定式：主語+wouldn t+be+ 過去分詞+疑問式：wo

9、uld+主語+be+ 過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ had+been+ 過去分詞+8、過去完成時(shí)否定式：主語+ hadn t+been+ 過去分詞+疑問式：had+主語+been +過去分詞+? 肯定式：主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+be+過去分詞+9、 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞否定式：主語+ 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+not+be+過去分詞+疑問式：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+主語+be+過去分詞+? 5 各種時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法1、一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)：表示經(jīng)常性發(fā) 生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。2、一般過去時(shí)：表示過去時(shí)間 發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。3、一般將來時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在看來 將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。4、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示現(xiàn)在或現(xiàn) 階段正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。5、現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)：表

10、示過去的動(dòng) 作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。6、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示從過 去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。7、過去進(jìn)行時(shí)：表示過去某時(shí) 間正在發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。8、過去將來時(shí)：表示過去時(shí)間看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。9、過去完成時(shí)：表示過去時(shí)間里已經(jīng)完成的動(dòng)作（即“過去的過去”） 。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的分類1.動(dòng)詞原形、過去式和過去分詞相同（ 10） bet - bet - bet cost - cost - cost cut - cut - cut hit - hit - hit hurt - hurt - hurt let - let - let put - put - put read - re

11、ad - read set - set - set spread- spread - spread 2.動(dòng)詞原形、過去式和過去分詞不相同（ 34）be-was/were- been go - went - gone do - did - done lie - lay - lain fly - flew - flown wear - wore - worn begin - began - begundrink - drank - drunkring - rang - rung sing - sang - sung swim - swam - swum break - broke - broken

12、 choose - chose - chosen hide - hid - hidden speak - spoke - spoken forget - forgot - forgotten draw - drew - drawn drive - - drove - driven eat - ate - eaten fall - fell - fallen forgive - forgave - forgiven rewrite - rewrote - rewritten write - wrote - written give - gave - given ride - rode - rid

13、den grow - grew - grown know - knew - known rise - rose - risen see - saw -seen shake - shook - shaken show - showed - shown strike - struck - stricken 6 take - took - taken throw - threw - thrown 3.動(dòng)詞原形和過去式相同（ 1）beat - beat - beaten 4.動(dòng)詞原形和過去分詞相同（ 3）become - became - become come - came - come run -

14、 ran - run 5.過去式和過去分詞相同（ 36）bring - brought - brought buy - bought - bought think - thought - thought fight - fought - fought catch - caught - - caught teach - taught - taught find - found - found build - built - built feel - felt - felt keep - kept - kept sleep - slept - slept sweep - swept - swept

15、 dig - dug - dug feed - fed - fed get - got - got have - had - had hear - heard - heard hold - held - held lead - led - led leave - left - left lend - lent - lent lose - lost - lost make - made - made mean - meant - meant meet - met - met pay - paid - paid say - said - said sell - sold - sold send - sent - sent sit - sat - sat spend - spent - spent stand - stood - stood strike - struck - struck tell - told - told win - won - won understand - understood - u