1、l electron-transport chainl oxidative phosphorylationchap 7 respiration and energyglucosepyruvateacylcoaemphmptcaethanollactic acidanaerobic(2)energy yield(3) physiological importance(1)biochemical reactionsco2nadhfadhnadph電子傳遞鏈電子傳遞鏈h2oatp electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation re-oxidize

2、nadh and fadh2 and trap the energy released as atp.introduction in eukaryotes(真核細(xì)胞真核細(xì)胞), electron transport and oxidative phosphorylation occur in the inner membrane of mitochondria(線粒體線粒體), whereas in prokaryotes(原核生物原核生物) the process occurs in the plasma memebrane.attentionl concept electron trans

3、port chain (respiratory chain) consists of a series of electron carriers by which electrons are transferred from nadh(fadh2 ) to oxygen. electron-transport chain琥珀酸脫氫酶琥珀酸脫氫酶(黃素脫氫酶類黃素脫氫酶類)nad脫氫酶脫氫酶輔酶輔酶q細(xì)胞色素類細(xì)胞色素類2hl main parts(enzyme) nadh dehydrogenase (nadh-q reductase) succinate-coq(琥珀酸鹽輔酶琥珀酸鹽輔酶q)

4、 reductase cytochrome bc1 reductase cytochrome c oxidase two small electron carriers are needed:ubiquinone (coenzyme q, coq); cytochrome cl concept oxidative phosphorylation is the name given to the synthesis of atp (phosphorylation) that occurs when nadh and fadh2 are oxidized by electron transport

5、 through the respiratory chain (oxidation).oxidative phosphorylation unlike substrate level phosphorylation, it does not involve phosphorylated chemical inermediates. rather, the energy that liberated by electron transport is used to drive the synthesis of atp from adp and pi (catalyzed by atp synth

6、ase).attentionsubstrate level phosphorylation底物水平磷酸化底物水平磷酸化有機(jī)物氧化過程中由于底物分子內(nèi)部能量重新分布形有機(jī)物氧化過程中由于底物分子內(nèi)部能量重新分布形成高能磷酸鍵，轉(zhuǎn)給成高能磷酸鍵，轉(zhuǎn)給adp形成形成atp。l the sequence of transport all of the electron carriers in the transport chain interact according to their redox potentials(還原還原力力). every time that an electron tran

7、sfer occurs, the accepting carrier has a higher affinity for electrons than the donating carrier. thus there is a net flow of electron from nadh to oxygen.l the position of atp synthesis 氧化還原電位（氧化還原電位（e0）：ph7.0，30測得。表征物質(zhì)得失電子趨勢。電子測得。表征物質(zhì)得失電子趨勢。電子總是從低氧化還原電位流向高電位?？偸菑牡脱趸€原電位流向高電位。 e0越低，供電子傾向越大。越低，供電子傾向越

8、大。 g： 0，表示反應(yīng)是自發(fā)過程。表示反應(yīng)是自發(fā)過程。gnf un96487（ e02 e01 ） 30.5kjl amounts of atp p/o: the number of pi used when one oxygen atom is oxidized to generate h2o. nadh+h+3adp+3pi+1/2o2 nad+4h2o+3atpfadh2+2adp+2pi+1/2o2 nad+3h2o+2atpl the mechanism of atp synthesis chemiosmotic hypothesis(化學(xué)滲透假說化學(xué)滲透假說) this proposes that energy liberated by electron transport is