1、-作者xxxx-日期xxxx高考英語中單項選擇易錯原因及分析.doc【精品文檔】高考中單項選擇易錯原因及分析單項選擇是英語高考的一個必考題型。單選題不是單純地考查“純語法”或“純詞匯”，而是在特定的語言環(huán)境中考查考生綜合運用語言的能力。     先請試著回答以下三道單項選擇題：1. Do you expect _ to be a possibility that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died.A. that   B. there

2、    C. one    D. it2. He got to the station early, _ missing his train.A. in case of     B. instead of    C. for fear of    D. in search of3. How long do you suppose is it _ he arrived here?A. after    B.

3、since    C. before   D. when核對答案之前，先反思一下剛才答題時思考的過程，看看自己屬于下面的哪一類：一類是先看選項，看看可能考哪一個知識點，于是就先有個“預(yù)期”，比如第一題感覺是考不定代詞it，所以就選擇了D；再一類是，先讀一下題干，大致感覺一下這句話要說什么，然后再把選項回填句中，看哪個對，比如第二題，是說“他早早到了車站，誤了火車”，一看第一個選項，“覺得”是“以防”的意思，就選擇了A。如果第一、二題你分別選擇了D和A，又是上面所述的“答題思路”，那你就犯了單選答題最典型的，也是最“致命”的錯誤，即在沒有明確題干

4、語義的情況下倉促選擇。正確答案應(yīng)當分別是B和C。高考英語試卷的15道單項選擇題，答題失誤率非常高。平時備考，同學們做了不計其數(shù)的練習，但總是陷入“做了錯，錯了做”的惡性循環(huán)，究其原因，是同學們把單選真的看成“題”了，而不是看成是進行語言交流。語言交流，首先就要清楚，人家要講什么，它決定你如何選，選什么。以第三題為例：題干說什么呢？如果你看不出來，不妨將題干做一個變換，即做一個回答：How long do you suppose is it _ he arrived here?I suppose it is a week _ he arrived here.上面a week是你自己隨便添加的時間

5、段，但恰恰是這樣的添加回答，使剛才似乎不是很清晰的結(jié)構(gòu)，一下子變成我們學習現(xiàn)在完成時時，最典型的一個結(jié)構(gòu)“做到現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)有時間了”。由此，很容易選出B. since。從上面的這個例子，我們可以看出，做單項選擇題，不要急于先看選項，更不要一個一個選項地往空里帶。要首先嘗試語義，語義準了，答題才有保證。我們再回到第一題：題干上的關(guān)鍵點是“a possibility that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died.”也就是“阿拉法特去世后，巴勒斯坦和以色列達成和平協(xié)議的可能”。而可能“poss

6、ibility”是名詞，有沒有可能是“there is a possibility”，在這里需要用不定式結(jié)構(gòu)，即“Do you expect there to be a possibility”。如果使用it，題干應(yīng)當是：Do you think _ is possible that Palestine and Israel will make a peace agreement after Yasser Arafat died.因此，這道題考查了同學們在搞清語義基礎(chǔ)上辨別句式結(jié)構(gòu)的能力。再看第二題的題干“他早早到了車站，誤了火車”，應(yīng)當是“擔心，怕”誤了火車，因此，選項C. for fear

7、 of正符合語義。in case of something用來描述在某些特定情境下，你應(yīng)該做什么，特別用在官方的和正式的通知中，例如：In case of fire, break the glass. 如果失火，砸碎玻璃。從上面的講解不難看出，同學們在做單項選擇訓練時，務(wù)必首先建立“語義領(lǐng)先”的意識，要讀準，然后有一個正確的期待，然后再在選項中找出是哪一個，千萬不要一個一個去試，這才是回答單項選擇題的正確思路。   易錯點一 思維定勢干擾典例1 （2007年重慶卷） Isnt it time you got down to _ the papers?A. mark B. b

8、e markedC. being marked D. marking【命題意圖】 介詞to與不定式符號to辨析【解題思路】 正確答案為D。考生易誤以為考查動詞不定式結(jié)構(gòu)而選A。其實本題考查短語get down to doing sth的用法，意思是開始認真對待某事?！臼д`警示】思維定勢是指在長期的思維過程中所形成的一種固定的思維模式。運用得當，它可以幫助考生在短時間內(nèi)調(diào)集解決問題所需的相關(guān)知識進行分析、推理，并得出正確的答案；運用不當，便會誤導(dǎo)考生，使其掉入命題人預(yù)設(shè)的陷阱。   易錯點二 冗余信息干擾典例2 （2007年江西卷） Attention, coffee lov

9、ers! We have for you, the best coffee machine _ invented.A. ever B. already C. even D. nowadays【命題意圖】 特定語境中的副詞辨析【解題思路】 正確答案為A。本題的主體句是We have the best coffee machine _ invented，而分詞短語ever invented = which have ever been invented是定語修飾語；for you不影響主體句答案的選擇?！臼д`警示】常見的冗余信息有插入語、后置定語、前置狀語、從句等。對于此類題目，考生可以反其道而行

10、之，去掉冗余部分，這樣，答案就會一目了然。    易錯點三被表面現(xiàn)象迷惑典例3 （2007年遼寧卷） You cant imagine what difficulty we had _ home in the snowstorm.A. walked B. walk C. to walk D. walking【命題意圖】 英語固定句型的用法【解題思路】 正確答案為D。把題干還原，很容易看出，本句使用的是have some difficulty （） doing sth這個句型。【失誤警示】單項填空題中，命題人常常變化一些常見的短語或句法結(jié)構(gòu)，使答題者不容易分辨。此種

11、手段常導(dǎo)致考生機械地套用語法，進而作出錯誤的選擇。做此類題目時要注意學會轉(zhuǎn)換和還原，使之清晰明了。    易錯點四忽視有效附加信息典例4 （2006年北京卷） Which driver was to blame?Why, _! It was the childs fault, clear and simple. He suddenly came out between two parked cars.A. both B. each C. either D. neither【命題意圖】 特定語境中不定代詞的辨析【解題思路】 正確答案為D。本題若只注意到whichdr

12、iver was to blame 而忽略the childs fault就會誤選答案B或A。而最后一句表明，是小孩從兩輛停著的車子中沖出，導(dǎo)致事故?！臼д`警示】單項填空題的空白后有時附帶一些文字信息，這些信息千萬不能忽視，它們并非總是冗余信息。判斷依據(jù)是，有此信息與無此信息句子意義完全不同。易錯點五 受母語干擾典例5 （2007年江西卷）Im dead tired. I cant walk any further, Jenny._, Tommy. You can do it.A. No problem B. No hurryC. Come on D. Thats OK【命題意圖】 交際用語的

13、用法【解題思路】 正確答案為C。易誤選A或D，因為漢語里常用“你會沒問題的，你能行的”來安慰他人，但英語中通常用Come on, you can do it來鼓勵他人?！臼д`警示】由于母語在大腦中的根深蒂固，所以常常會對外語學習者大腦中尚不牢固的外語知識產(chǎn)生負面影響。命題者常利用這一點，制造陷阱。實戰(zhàn)演習（定時：30mins，每小題1分，共45分，得分：_分）1. An accident happened at _ crossroads a few meters away from _ bank. A. a; a B. / ; a C. / ; the D. the; /2. My _ of

14、this weekends activity is going out with some good friends. A. idea B. opinion C. mind D. thought3. David has won the first prize in singing； he is still very excited now and feels _ desire to go to bed. A. the worst B. more C. worse D. the least4. If a shop has chairs _ women can park their men, wo

15、men will spend more time in the shop. A. that B. which C. when D. where5. The shopkeeper did not want to sell for _ he thought was not enough. A. where B. how C. what D. which6. John, look at the time. _ you play the piano at such a late hour？ A. Must B. Can C. May D. Need7. Dont you think it necess

16、ary that he _ to Miami but to New York？I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to. A. will not be sent; that B. not be sent; that C. should not be sent; what D. should not send; what8. Her sister has become a lawyer, _ she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. what D. which9. Mark was a student at th

17、is university from 1999 to 2003, _ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students Union. A. during which time B. for which time C. during whose time D. by that time10. The poor young man is ready to accept _ help he can get. A. whichever B. however C. whatever D. whenever11. With more fo

18、rests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth _ each year. A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away12. When asked by the police, he said that he remembered _ at the party, but not _. A. to arrive; leaving B. to arrive; to leave C. arriving; leavi

19、ng D. arriving; to leave13. The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused14. Did you tell Julia about the result?Oh, no, I forgot. I _ her now. A. will be calling B. will call C. call D. am to call15. _, he talks a lot about his favorite sin

20、gers after class. A. A quiet students as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student16. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changing D. have changed17. The doctor advised Vera strongly that he s

21、hould take a holiday, but _ didnt help. A. it B. she C. which D. he18. A poet and artist _ coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow afternoon. A. is B. are C. was D. were19. If it were not for the fact that she _sing, 1 would invite her to the party. A. couldnt B. shouldn

22、t C. cant D. might not20. The workers will go on strike if the demands they _put forward are turned down. A. could B. would C. / D. had21. Mary, _ here everybody else, stay where you are. A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming22. Which of the two ties would you like to take?Id like to take _, to give

23、 me a change sometimes. A. both B. each C. either D. neither23. Nobody believed his reason for being absent from the class _ he had to meet his uncle at the airport. A. why B. that C. where D. because24. Were just trying to reach a point _ both sides will sit together and talk. A. where B. that C. w

24、hen D. which25. Im dead tired. I cant walk any further, Jenny._, Tommy. You can do it. A. No problem B. No hurry C. Come on D. Thats OK26. Mr. Green stood up in defense of the 16-year-old boy, saying that he was not the one_. A. blamed B. blaming C. to blame D. to be blamed27. _ and Ill get the work

25、 finished. A. Have one more hour B. One more hour C. Given one more hour D. If I have one more hour28. How long do you think it will be _China sends a manned spaceship to the moon?Perhaps two or three years. A. when B. until C. that D. before29. Ive worked with children before, so I know what _ in m

26、y new job. A. expected B. to expect C. to be expected D. expects30. We want to rent a bus which can _ 40 people for our trip to Beijing. A. 1oad B. hold C. fill D. support31. Could I have a word with you, mum?Oh dear, if you_. A. can B. must C. may D. should32. Why dont we take a little break?Didnt

27、we just have _? A. it B. that C. one D. this33. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _ I will always treasure. A. that B. one C. it D. what34. The home improvements have taken what little there is _ my spare time. A. from B. in C. of D. at35. _ modeling business is by

28、no means easy to get into, the good model will always be in demand. A. While B. Since C. As D. If36. Sometimes it was a bit boring to work there because there wasnt always _ much to do. A. such B. that C. more D. very37. Mary kept weighing herself to see how much _ she was getting. A. heavier B. heavy C. the heavier D. the heaviest38. Excuse me, but I want to use your computer to type a report.You _ have my computer if you dont take care of it. A. shant B. might not C. neednt D. shouldnt39. He p