1、英語定語從句詳解(初中)在復合句中 ， 修飾名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句 ， 被修飾的 名詞或代詞叫先行詞 ， 引導定語從句的相關系代詞 who, whom, whose, which, that 等和關系副詞 where, when, why 等 ， 關系代詞 和關系副詞在定語從句中擔任句子成份。1. 由 who 引導的定語從句中 ， who 用作主語 ， 如 ： This is the boy who often helps me.2. 由whon引導的定語從句中， whom用作賓語，如：The man whom you are waiting for has gone home.3. 由w

2、hose引導的定語從句中，whose用作定語，女如 : Do you know the girl whose skirt is white?4. 由 which 引導的定語從句中， which 用作主語或謂語動詞的賓語 或介詞的賓語，如：The room in which there is a machine is a work shop.The river which is in front of my house is very clean.This is the pen which you want.(1) whom, which 用作介詞賓語時 ， 介詞可放在 whom、which 之

3、 前 ， 也可放在從句原來的位置上；但在含有介詞的動詞固定詞組中， 介詞只能放在原來的位置上。如： He is the very person whom we must take good care of.(2) 引導非限制性定語從句時，必須用關系代詞 which ，不用 that, 如： I have lostmy bag, which I like very much.(3) 關系代詞在句中作主語時，從句的謂語動詞的人稱和數必須和 先行詞保持一致。5. 由 that 引導的定語從句中， that 能夠指人或物，在從句中作主 語或謂語動詞的賓語，但不能放在介詞后面作介詞賓語，如：The bo

4、ok that I bought yesterday was written by Lu Xun.注意在下面幾種情況下必須用 that 引導定語從句。(1) 先行詞是不定代詞 all, few, little, much, something, nothing, anything 等 ， 如 ：All that we have to do is to practise English.(2) 先行詞被序數詞或形容詞級所修飾，如The first letter that I got from him will be kept.(3) 先行詞被 all, any, every, each, few

5、, little, no, some 等修飾 ， 如I've eaten up all the food that you gave me.(4) 先行詞被 the only, the very, the same, the last 修飾時 如He is the only person that I want to talk with.(5) 先行詞既有人又有物時，如：They talked about persons and things that they met.(6) 當句中已有 who時， 為避免重復，女口 ： Who is the man that is giving u

6、s theclass?6. 由 when, where, why 引導的定語從句，如：I don't know the reason why he was late.This is the place where we have lived for 5 years.I'll never forget the day when I met Mr Li for the first time.注意：先行詞是表示地點時，如果從句的謂語動詞是及物的，就 用 that(which) ，如果從句的謂語動詞是不及物的，就用 where 引導 This is the house Which /t

7、hat he has lived in for 15 years.(Where he has lived for 15 year.)7. 限制性定語從句和非限制性定語從句(1) 限制性定語從句是句中不可缺少的組成部分，主句和從句之間 不用逗號分開。引導非限制性定語從句的關系代詞有 who, whom, whose, which, of which 等，這些關系代詞都不能省略。(2) 非限制性定語從句是對主句先行詞的補充說明 ， 沒有這種從 句 ， 不影響主句意思的完整 ， 一般用逗號把主句和從句分開 ， 關系代詞用which,不用that;指人時可用who,如：I have two brothers, who are both students.8如何簡化定語從句(1). 定語從句簡化為形容詞或形容詞短語作后置定語。如：My grandfather lives in a village that is far away from here.My gran dfather lives in a