1、contentsunit 5 work to live or live to workbefore reading>> about the author2>> english poem the wasted tears2>> origin of workaholic3>> gap filling4>> table completion4>> listening comprehension5global reading>> part division of the text6>> further un

2、derstanding6detailed reading8after reading>> useful expressions18>> sentence translation18>> word match19>> debate19>> writing practice19>> talk about the pictures21>> proverbs and quotations21supplementary reading>> culture notes23>> reading23&g

3、t;> comprehension tasks27 28before readingbefore reading >> about the authorellen goodman (1941 ) was born in massachusetts and graduated from radcliffe college. she worked for newsweek and the detroit free press before joining the boston globe in 1967. her column “at large” has been widely

4、 syndicated since 1976. as an essayist and television commentator, goodman has discussed feminism, changes in family life, sexual harassment, and male and female relationships. her essays have been collected in several books, including close to home (1979), turning points (1979) and at large (1981).

5、 in 1980, goodman received the pulitzer prize for distinguished commentary. among other awards she has won are the american society of newspaper editors distinguished writing award and the hubert h. humphrey civil rights award. the national womens political caucus gave her the presidents award, and

6、the womens research and education institute presented her with their american woman award. before reading >> english poem the wasted tearsi. enjoy a poem the wasted tearsthe wasted tearsby rajaram ramachandran they were newly married couple,a few days went on with no trouble.as days passed on,

7、 he never turned,while for his love, her heart yearned.she wore daily the best of robes,diamonds sparkled in her ear lobes,but he had his mind on his work.and wasnt keen to have a look.her heart, one day, nearly broke,but it was saved from a stroke.with tears she stood before him,he saw her face-glo

8、w gone dim.deeply engrossed in his work,he was stuck up to his desk.elsewhere was his mind the reason for tears to find.suddenly, his mind woke up.he collected, drop by drop,in a test tube all her tears,and mixed some powders.oh, i found out, my dear,it is nothing but saline water. so said the scien

9、tist husband,still tied up, work bound.  ii. questions and answers1. why did the newly married wife feel very sad? (her husband was so engrossed in his work that she felt neglected and lonely.)2. what is her husbands job?(a scientist.) 3. what did the husband do with her tears?(he collected all

10、 her tears drop by drop in a test tube, mixed some powders and finally found out it was nothing but saline water.) 4. is the husband a workaholic?(yes, of course.) before reading >> origin of workaholictimedevelopmentin 1891alcoholic was first attested.in the 1960sa whole new category of takin

11、g “-holic” as a suffix meaning “addict” followed.in 1968“workaholic” was first announced.in 1971the use of workaholic prompted many writers to start using the suffixes “-aholic”, “-holic”, or “-oholic” to describe “all-consuming obsessions”.in the 1970smore “holic” words appeared.script:origin of wo

12、rkaholicalcoholic, the parent of all addictive words, has been with us for over a century. it was first attested in 1891. in the 1960s, someone had the idea of taking “-holic” as a suffix meaning “addict”, and a whole new category of addictions followed. one of the first and most important is “worka

13、holic”, which was announced in the 1968. the appearance of “workaholic” in a book named confessions of a workaholic in 1971 propelled that term and prompted many writers to start using the suffixes “-aholic”, “-holic”, or “-oholic” to describe “all-consuming obsessions,” not all of them so serious.i

14、n the 1970s, if not obsessed with work, we could be addicted to play, as in golfaholic, footballaholic, basketball-oholic, or just plain leisureholic; to foods, as in beefaholic, or ice creamaholic; and to substances, as in mariholic for marijuana, and tobaccoholic. an american could be a book-oholi

15、c, note-oholic, or phone-oholic. other obsessions for which authors coined terms with “-aholic” in the 1970s include worry, news, credit, punning, shopping, and junk.before reading >> gap filling1. definition of workaholicif a person is a workaholic, hes got compulsive need to be driven to acc

16、omplish things. in the workdays, they just keep going, keep pushing themselves. and a lot of stress leads to many problems, anxieties and diseases.2. suggestion to deal with workaholism if you are not able to let go of work, and the work holds onto you, you may be a workaholic and you may need to se

17、ek some outside professional help. youd be able to keep balance in your career world and to deal with other issues. not let workaholism steal the joy of living. before reading >> table completiontypenamecharacteristicstype 1self-sacrificing workaholicthey put themselves last and will go to any

18、 extreme to please and impress a dominant, parent-type person at work.type 2dominant workaholicthey do not care if they are liked, but must be seen as competent. they can be aggressive and arrogant. they seek respect. type 3withdrawn workaholicthey prefer to work alone. they work hard and want to be

19、 needed and approved of as well, but do not want to be controlled or dominated. they prefer to keep their emotional distance from others. script:workaholism is an addiction, an obsessive-compulsive disorder, and its not the same as working hard or putting in long hours. there are three distinct work

20、aholic behaviors. type 1 is the self-sacrificing workaholic, who puts themselves last and will go to any extreme to please and impress a dominant, parent-type person at work. type 2 is the dominant workaholic, who does not care if they are liked, but must be seen as competent. they can be aggressive

21、 and arrogant. they seek respect. type 3 is the withdrawn workaholic, who prefers to work alone. they work hard and want to be needed and approved of as well, but do not want to be controlled or dominated. they prefer to keep their emotional distance from others. all three workaholic types fear reje

22、ction, criticism and abandonment and react in different ways when they feel threatened. one common thread that runs through all three types is the need to control both themselves and others. before reading >> listening comprehensionanswer the following questions after you listen to the passage

23、.1. what is the distinction between working hard and being a workaholic?(working hard involves being organized, focused, getting a lot of work done, knowing when to stop and having a life other than work. workaholics, on the other hand, are often disorganized; always find reasons for working more.)2

24、. why are workers willing to burn midnight oil at risk in most companies?(most employers want their employees to work longer hours and reward them with higher pay and lots of benefits.)3. when has workaholism become an evident problem?(workaholism is a problem thats been evident since the stone age.

25、)4. how many types of workaholics are there and what are they?(there are three types. first are people with high energy that needs discharging. second are very competitive people who have a strong need to prove themselves and tie their self-worth to their work. third are people who use work to escap

26、e from something and they keep themselves so busy working that they have no time or energy to deal with their real problems.)5. what are same traits these three types have?(they cant stand not being active. they find it hard to go on vacation. they are more comfortable being with fellow workers than

27、 with family and friends. they equate self-worth and success with hard work.)global readingglobal reading >> part division of the textpartspara(s)main ideas113one of six vice-presidents, phil worked himself to death. 246phil completely tied up himself in work regardless of his health.3712a typ

28、ical workaholic, phil totally neglected those closest to him his wife and three children.41316phils boss said one thing at the funeral and did quite another soon afterwards.global reading >> further understandingi. for part 1 & 2 true or false1. phil was one of the six vice-presidents of a

29、 large corporation and one of the three promising candidates who might succeed to the position of the president. (t)2. the company had extended the four-day week for everyone in the company. (f)(the company had extended the four-day week for everyone but the executives.) 3. in order to have some phy

30、sical exercise, phil played golf each month. (f)(the monthly golf game offered him a good opportunity to talk or do business.) 4. phil was overweight by 20 or 25 pounds and he did not realize that he was a heart-attack natural. (t)ii. for part 3 table completionfamily memberdetailshis wife1. she had

31、 given up trying to compete with his work years ago when the children were small.2. she must have given up part of herself which had cared too much for the man. his eldest sonhe researched his father in the neighborhood before the funeral, but found the neighbors knew very little about his father. h

32、is daughterwhenever she was alone with her father, they had nothing to say to each other.his youngest son1. he tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home.2. it was only over the last two years that phil began to worry about his youngest son.iii. for part 4 q

33、uestions and answers1. why did phils wife hide her bitterness in face of the company president at the funeral?(because she would need him to straighten out the finances the stock options and all that.)2. why is it very easy to identify phil from a lineup?(because phil was a type a, a typical workaho

34、lic, a heart attack natural.)3. what did the company president do as soon as phils funeral was over?(the company president began choosing his next victim as soon as phils funeral was over.) detailed readingdetailed readingi. difficult sentences1. he was a perfect type a, a workaholic, a classic, the

35、y said to each other and shook their head and thought for five or ten minutes about the way they lived. (para. 2)what is a perfect type a?(people exhibiting type a behaviour tend to be impatient and highly time-conscious. often as high-achieving workaholics, they feel insecure about their social sta

36、tus and are extremely competitive and aggressive.) 2. he was, however, one of six vice-presidents, and one of three who might conceivably if the president died or retired soon enough have moved to the top spot. (para. 3)what is the implied meaning of the sentence?(he was one of the six vice-presiden

37、ts of a large corporation and one of the three promising candidates who might succeed to the position of the president.) 3. he worked like the important people. (para. 4)what can you infer from the sentence?(he voluntarily worked overtime because all the executives in the company considered themselv

38、es too important a group to be allowed to ease up.)4. he had no outside “extracurricular interests,” unless, of course, you think about a monthly golf game that way. to phil, it was work. (para. 4)for what purpose did he play golf monthly?(the monthly golf game offered him a good opportunity to talk

39、 or do business.)5. he is survived by his wife, helen, forty-eight years old, a good woman of no particular marketable skills, who worked in an office before marrying and mothering. (para. 7)translate this sentence into chinese.(他的遺孀海倫，四十八歲，一個好女人。但沒有什么適合市場需求的技能，結婚生育之前曾在辦公室工作。) 6. a company friend sa

40、id, “i know how much you will miss him.” and she answered, “i already have.” (para. 7)why did phils wife say so?(being a workaholic, phil spent little time at home before he died. his wife had missed him long before he died.)7. the youngest is twenty, a boy, a high-school graduate who has spent the

41、last couple of years, like a lot of his friends, doing enough odd jobs to stay in grass and food. (para. 11)what do we learn about phils youngest son?(his youngest son failed to go in for a college education and did no more than odd jobs to get enough money for marijuana and food.)8. he was the one

42、who tried to grab at his father, and tried to mean enough to him to keep the man at home. (para. 11)why did phils youngest son try to “grab at his father”?(the workaholic phil never paid enough attention to the growth and education of his youngest son. his son longed for his love and care.)9. you co

43、uld have picked him out in a minute from a lineup. (para. 14)what can you infer from the sentence?(based on the use of police lineups from which a victim identifies a criminal, this is used metaphorically to emphasize how easy it is to identify phil.)10. so when he finally worked himself to death, a

44、t precisely 3:00 a.m. sunday morning, no one was really surprised. (para. 15)why does the author repeat “finally and precisely” three times in the passage?(the tone of this essay is bitter and sarcastic. it is achieved mainly by the choice of words and selection of details, which are otherwise consi

45、dered unnecessary for the occasion.)ii. words & expressionsprecisely: adv. 1. exactly; just- planes fly daily over regular routes with timetable precisely.  - scientists do not yet know precisely how insects can produce their toxic defensive chemicals without poisoning themselves.- since hi

46、s own ideas were in flux, it is difficult to know precisely where he stood.- 每輛卡車裝載的用品恰好是每個部隊所需要的。(every lorry indeed is packed with precisely the articles which each unit will require.)2. quite so- so you think it was a mistake? precisely.acquaintance: n. 1. a relationship with someone you know, bu

47、t who is not a close friend- i have a nodding acquaintance with german.- our mere acquaintance ripened into friendship. - 我與他素昧平生。 (i have never made his acquaintance.) - she recalled the past, trying to bring back to her memory incidents of their old acquaintance.2. person whom one knows (less inti

48、mately than a friend)- she is an old acquaintance of my sister.- he has a wide circle of acquaintances.collocation: make sb.s acquaintance結識某人 drop an acquaintance斷絕往來 have a casual acquaintance半生不熟renew an acquaintance重建友誼 cf: friend, mate, acquaintance & pal這些名詞都有“朋友”之意。friend 一般用詞，指某人喜愛并樂意與之相

49、交往的人。例如： - ive known her for years, but she was never a friend. (我認識她多年了，但成不了朋友。)mate 最普通用詞，可與其他名詞連用，構成如：classmate，desk mate，school mate等詞。既可指好友、同事，又可指合伙人，還可指配偶的一方。例如： - the blackbird sat on the nest waiting for the return of her mate. (黑鸝在巢中等候其雄鳥歸來。)acquaintance 指彼此相識，但交往不甚密切，相互間沒有深厚情感的人。例如： - he i

50、s an old acquaintance of my father. (他是我父親的老相識。)pal 口語用詞，指十分要好的朋友。例如： - weve been pals since childhood. (我們自兒時就是好朋友。)instantly: adv. at once; immediately- instantly the blood crept warmly over her body. - his manly beauty and more than common gracefulness were instantly the theme of general admirati

51、on.- 霎那間，迪克意識到他處境危險。(instantly dick awoke to the terrors of his position.) - sometimes he instantly approved a proposal whose prospect seemed exceedingly bleak. workaholic: n. a person who likes to work too hard or is unable to stop working- he was a lifelong workaholic, who painted dawn to dusk sev

52、en days a week. - in america, it is generally believed that being a workaholic is unhealthy and harmful.- a group of japanese men hope to encourage workaholic husbands to head home early and show their wives some appreciation. n.b.:詞綴 aholic，-holic，-oholic 在某些詞后面表示“沉溺于，無法擺脫”的意思。如：shop-aholic，golf-ah

53、olic，tobaccoholic 等。 classic: 1. adj. of the highest quality; having a value or position recognized and unquestioned- it is very interesting for a chinese to read an english translated version of the chinese classic novel the dream of red mansions.- the 7-eleven chain is the classic example of conve

54、nience store. 2. n. 1) writer, artist, book, etc. of the highest class- charles dickens is a classic.2) outstanding example of its kind- my watchband is a classic made in 1960 by robinsons.- hes hoping that tomorrows game will be a classic.day off: day on which one does not have to work - on my

55、 day off, ill fix the tipsy fence.- it felt like a big sick joke when the company made us work on our day off.- there were many chinese workers on a day off, all looking cheerful and healthy. - 下次休假時，我再來看你。 (ill come over to see you on my next day off.)conceivably: adv. imaginably; believably- accor

56、ding to some scientists, the disease could conceivably be transferred to humans.- she brought me a raincoat because she thought it might conceivably be useful to me.- 他的話想來不會是他的原意。(he couldnt conceivably have meant what he said.)retire: v. (cause to) stop working at ones job, usu. because of age (fo

57、llowed by from) - workers in china can all get a pension after they retire.- the school had to employ the retired teachers to give classes.- he will retire from his job next year and take things easy.spot:1. n.1) small round mark; dirty mark- which has spots, the leopard or the tiger? - he tried to

58、remove the spot on his sweater with soap and water.2) particular place or area- for many years, spain was a favourite holiday spot. - when the fight started, police and reporters were soon on the spot. 2. vt.1) pick out ; recognize- we spotted a superstar in the crowd.- 走在街上，我看見了一個老朋友。(i spotted one of my old fri