1、狀語從句公開課1狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句公開課21. 什么是狀語：什么是狀語：在句中用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞在句中用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞的成分被稱為狀語。如：的成分被稱為狀語。如：he works very hard.he is real handsome.2.什么是狀語從句：什么是狀語從句：用作狀語的句子被稱為狀語從句。用作狀語的句子被稱為狀語從句。 really狀語從句公開課3 1.adverbial clauses of time: （時間狀語從句）3.different kinds of adverbial clauses: 2.adverbial clauses of rea

2、son (原因狀語從句） 3.adverbial clauses of conditions (條件狀語從句） 4.adverbial clauses of place (地點狀語從句） 5.adverbial clauses of purpose (目的狀語從句） 6.adverbial clauses of result （結果狀語從句） 7.adverbial clauses of comparison（比較狀語從句） 8.adverbial clauses of concession (讓步狀語從句） 9.adverb clauses of manner (方式狀語從句 )狀語從句公開

3、課44. 位置位置 ： 主前從后親密沒夠，主前從后親密沒夠，從前主后得有小逗，從前主后得有小逗，從在主中需倆逗逗。從在主中需倆逗逗。i was reading a book when he came in.when he came in, i was reading a book.i was, when he came in, reading a book.狀語從句公開課5時間狀語從句時間狀語從句when while as before aftertill/until sinceas soon as普普通通連連詞詞特特殊殊連連詞詞the momentthe minutethe secondth

4、e instantevery/each timenext timeany timeby the timethe first timeimmediatelydirectlyinstantly狀語從句公開課6when 的用法的用法when 即可以引導一個持續性動作，又可引到一即可以引導一個持續性動作，又可引到一個短暫行動作。可用以表示主從句動作同時發生個短暫行動作。可用以表示主從句動作同時發生或從句動作先于主句。或從句動作先于主句。 (從句動詞可延續也可非延續從句動詞可延續也可非延續) i was thin when i was a child. the film had been on when

5、 we arrived.狀語從句公開課72. be about to do when be doing when be on ones way when be on the point of doing when had just done when以上句式中的以上句式中的“when”譯為譯為“這時或那時這時或那時”不不可以用其它連詞替換。可以用其它連詞替換。 the telephone was ringing when i got home. i was about to go to bed when he came back.狀語從句公開課8we were just _ calling h

6、im up _ he came in. about ; when b. on the point of ; while c. on the point of ; when a.d. on the point of ; as i was walking down the street while i heardsomeone calling for help.when狀語從句公開課9 3. when 還以引導條件狀語從句相還以引導條件狀語從句相當于當于if how can i explain it to you when / if you wont listen.when you read it

7、 again, the meaning will become clearer to you.狀語從句公開課10while 的用法的用法 1. 必須引導持續性動作，強調在一段時必須引導持續性動作，強調在一段時間內，主句和從句動作同時發生。間內，主句和從句動作同時發生。my mother was cooking while i was doing my homework.please dont talk so loud while others are working. 狀語從句公開課11 2. “然而然而” 表示對比。表示對比。i like watching tv while he likes

8、 reading. 3. 引導讓步狀語從句引導讓步狀語從句 “ 雖然、盡管雖然、盡管”while i admit his good points, i can see his shortcomings.盡管我承認他的優點，但我還是看到了他的缺點。盡管我承認他的優點，但我還是看到了他的缺點。4. 引導條件狀語從句引導條件狀語從句 “只要只要”while we are here, dont worry.狀語從句公開課12as 的的引導引導時間狀語時間狀語從句的用法從句的用法 “隨著隨著” “一邊一邊一邊一邊”1. “當當” 強調動作同時發生，無先后強調動作同時發生，無先后狀語從句公開課13.1.

9、as i get older, i get more optimistic.隨著年齡的增長，我變得更加樂觀。隨著年齡的增長，我變得更加樂觀。2. he hurried home, looking behind as he went.他匆匆忙忙回家，邊走邊往后看。他匆匆忙忙回家，邊走邊往后看。3. as he was going out, it began to rain.當他出去時開始下雨了。當他出去時開始下雨了。狀語從句公開課14“as”可以引導的其它狀語從句：可以引導的其它狀語從句： young as he is ,he knows a lot. （ 讓步）讓步） as he wasnt

10、ready in time, we went without him. （原因）（原因） do as i told you. / do as you like. （ 方式方式 ） he is as old as i /me. （ 比較比較 ）狀語從句公開課15 連接詞連接詞when, while, as的用法區別：的用法區別：1while引導的時間狀語引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞從句的謂語動詞必須是必須是可延續可延續的，的， 而而when引導的時間狀語引導的時間狀語從句的謂語動詞從句的謂語動詞是是可延續可延續的，也的，也可以是可以是非延續的動詞非延續的動詞。如：。如：when/while he

11、 was eating his breakfast, he heard the doorbell ring.when i stopped my car, a man came up to me. 2從句動作發生在主句動作之前時，只能用從句動作發生在主句動作之前時，只能用when引導這個引導這個 從句，不可用從句，不可用as或或while。 如：如： when you have finished your work, you may have a rest.3表示表示“隨著隨著,一邊一邊一邊一邊”，連詞用，連詞用as. 如：如：as the election approached, the vi

12、olence got worse.4如果如果主句謂動主句謂動是是非延續性非延續性的，而的，而從句謂動從句謂動是是延續性延續性動詞并使用動詞并使用進進行時態行時態時，時，when, while與與as 可互換使用。可互換使用。如：如：when/while/as i was walking down the street, i came across an old friend of mine.狀語從句公開課16問題問題1:1. (04北京春北京春) we were swimming in the lake _ suddenly the storm started. a. when b. whil

13、e c. until d. before2. (02上海上海) he was about to tell me the secret _ someone patted him on the shoulder. a. as b. until c. whiled. when3. (05上海上海) he transplanted the little tree to the garden _ it was the best time for it. a. where b. when c. thatd. until4. (05福建福建) did jack come back early last ni

14、ght? yes. it was not yet eight oclock _ he arrived home. a. before b. when c. that d. until （注：句型：（注：句型：it is/was + 點時間點時間+when從句）從句）a ad db bb b狀語從句公開課17問題問題2:6. (06天津天津) the cost of living in glasgow is among the lowest in britain, _ the quality of life is probably one of the highest. a. since b.

15、when c. as d. while7. (04年江蘇年江蘇) _ i accept that he is not perfect, i do actually like the person. a. while b. since c. before d. unless8. (06遼寧遼寧) he was about halfway through his meal _ a familiar voice came to his ears. a. why b. where c. when d. whiled da ac c狀語從句公開課18before 的多種翻譯方式：的多種翻譯方式： 在在之

16、前之前 2.在在it +be+短時間短時間+before句型中句型中 主句是肯定句式時：主句是肯定句式時：“ （多久之后多久之后）才）才 ” 主句是否定句式時：主句是否定句式時： “（過不了多久過不了多久）就就” 3. “還沒來得及，就還沒來得及，就”1. 4. “趁趁” 狀語從句公開課19before before they got to the bus stop, the they got to the bus stop, the bus had gone. bus had gone. 在在.之前之前it will be 5 yearsit will be 5 years beforebe

17、fore he returns he returns to his motherland. to his motherland. 多久之后才多久之后才we waited a long timewe waited a long time beforebefore he came he came out.out. 多久之后才多久之后才4. it wont be long 4. it wont be long before before we meet we meet again.again. 過不了多久就過不了多久就5. he died 5. he died beforebefore he wro

18、te a will. he wrote a will. 還沒來還沒來得及得及6. catch him 6. catch him before before he escapes. he escapes. 趁著趁著7. please write it down 7. please write it down beforebefore you you forget it.forget it. 趁著趁著狀語從句公開課20 1. (031. (03年北京年北京) he made a mistake, but then he) he made a mistake, but then he correct

19、ed the situation _ corrected the situation _ it got worse. it got worse. a. until a. until b. when b. when c. before c. befored. d. asas 2. (042. (04福建福建) scientists say it may be five or six ) scientists say it may be five or six yearsyears _ _ it is possible to test this medicine it is possible to

20、 test this medicine on on human patients. human patients. a. since a. since b. after b. after c. before c. before d. d. whenwhen 3. (063. (06四川四川) )why didnt you tell him about thewhy didnt you tell him about the meeting? meeting? he rushed out of the room_he rushed out of the room_i could say ai co

21、uld say a word. word. a. before b. until a. before b. until c. whenc. whend. afterd. afterc cc ca a狀語從句公開課21till, untiltill, until和和notuntilnotuntil：1.1.主句是主句是肯定句肯定句時，時，主句的動詞必是主句的動詞必是延續性動詞延續性動詞，表示，表示“主句動作或狀態一直持續到從句動詞發生才停止主句動作或狀態一直持續到從句動詞發生才停止”。從。從句引導詞是句引導詞是 till/untiltill/until都行。如：都行。如： we we waite

22、dwaited until/till he until/till he camecame. . 2 2主句是主句是否定句否定句時，時，主句謂語動詞主句謂語動詞是非延續性動詞是非延續性動詞，表示，表示“主句動作直到從句動詞發生才開始主句動作直到從句動詞發生才開始”，從句引導詞通常，從句引導詞通常用用untiluntil。如：。如： he he wont go to bedwont go to bed until she until she returnsreturns. .3 3tilltill不可以置于句首，而不可以置于句首，而untiluntil可以。如：可以。如： until you to

23、ld me i had no idea of it.until you told me i had no idea of it.4 4notuntilnotuntil句型中的強調和倒裝說法：句型中的強調和倒裝說法：not untilnot until you told me you told me did idid i have any idea of it. have any idea of it. it wasit was not untilnot until you told me you told me thatthat i had any idea i had any idea of

24、 it. of it. 倒裝倒裝 狀語從句公開課221. (031. (03北京春北京春) ) was his father very strict with was his father very strict with him whenhim when he was at school? he was at school? yes. he had never praised him _ he yes. he had never praised him _ he becamebecame one of the top students in his grade. one of the top

25、 students in his grade. a. after a. after b. unless c. until b. unless c. until d. when d. when2. (032. (03上海上海) a good storyteller must be able to ) a good storyteller must be able to holdhold listeners curiosity _ he reaches the listeners curiosity _ he reaches the end of the end of the story. sto

26、ry. a. when b. unless c. after d. a. when b. unless c. after d. untiluntil3. it was not _ she took off her dark 3. it was not _ she took off her dark glassesglasses _ i realized she was a famous film star. _ i realized she was a famous film star. a. when; that a. when; that b. until; that b. until;

27、that c. until; when c. until; when d. when; then d. when; thenc cd db b狀語從句公開課23since 的用法 since + since + 時間時間since then since then ever since ever since it is/has been + it is/has been + 時間段時間段 since didsince did譯為譯為 “既然既然”時引導原因狀從時引導原因狀從主句謂動用現在完成主句謂動用現在完成時，從句謂動用一般時，從句謂動用一般過去時，譯為過去時，譯為 “自從自從”狀語從句公開課

28、24mr li mr li has been herehas been here since 1998. since 1998. mr li mr li has been herehas been here since he came back. since he came back.its/has beenits/has been two years since we two years since we arrived arrived here.here.it is three years since heit is three years since he lived lived her

29、e. here. 他他不在不在這兒住三年了。這兒住三年了。it is two years since he it is two years since he smokedsmoked . . 他他不吸煙不吸煙已有兩年了。已有兩年了。 it is two years since he it is two years since he began to smokebegan to smoke. . 他吸煙有兩年了。他吸煙有兩年了。狀語從句公開課25b bd d1. 1. （0505北京春北京春) it is almost five years _ we ) it is almost five ye

30、ars _ we saw each other last time.saw each other last time. a. before b. since a. before b. since c. after c. after d. because d. because 2. that was really a splendid evening. its 2. that was really a splendid evening. its years _ i enjoyed myself so much.years _ i enjoyed myself so much.when b. th

31、at c. before d. sincewhen b. that c. before d. since3. -what about a cigarette?what about a cigarette? -_. its 3weeks since i smoked. -_. its 3weeks since i smoked.a.a. a. yes, please b. no, thanksa. yes, please b. no, thanksb b狀語從句公開課26as soon asthe momentthe minutethe secondthe instantimmediatelyd

32、irectlyinstantlyno sooner thanhardly/scarcelywhen可以譯為可以譯為 “一一就就”的連詞的連詞狀語從句公開課271. 1. as soon asas soon as he arrives, i will tell him. he arrives, i will tell him.2. 2. the momentthe moment i saw him, i recognized him. i saw him, i recognized him.3. i left3. i left immediately immediately the clock

33、struck 5.the clock struck 5.4. i had hardly got home when it began to rain.4. i had hardly got home when it began to rain.=hardly had i=hardly had i got home got home whenwhen it began to rain. it began to rain.5.5. i had no sooner got home than it began to i had no sooner got home than it began to

34、rain.rain.=no sooner had=no sooner had i i got home got home thanthan it began to rain. it began to rain. 時態、搭配、倒裝時態、搭配、倒裝 狀語從句公開課28問題問題3:1. (01北京春北京春)did you remember to give mary the money you owed her? yes. i gave it to her _ i saw her. a. whileb. the moment c. suddenlyd. once2. (1998上海上海) i thou

35、ght her nice and honest _ i met her. a. first time b. for the first time c. the first timed. by the first time3. _ entered the office when he realized that he had forgotten his report. a. he hardly had b. had he hardly c. hardly had hed. hardly he had b bc cc c狀語從句公開課29一些含有一些含有timetime的名詞短語可以引導時間狀語的

36、名詞短語可以引導時間狀語1. 1. next timenext time you come, please bring your you come, please bring your compositioncomposition2. the first time2. the first time i climbed onto the wall, i i climbed onto the wall, i felt nervous.felt nervous.3. you are welcome to come back 3. you are welcome to come back any ti

37、meany time you you want to .want to .4. the truck will have arrived 4. the truck will have arrived by the timeby the time you you have all the things packed up.have all the things packed up.5. by the time5. by the time he arrived, the train he arrived, the train had already had already gonegone. .時態

38、時態 狀語從句公開課30二。二。 地點狀語從句地點狀語從句狀語從句公開課31地點狀語從句有where, wherever引導。1. we must camp where we can get water.2. i will follow you wherever you go.3. where there is a river, there is a city.4. i will go where he went.5. i will stay with you wherever he goes.狀語從句公開課322. 地點狀語從句 (2009年高考山東卷年高考山東卷)the little gi

39、rl who got lost decided to remain where she was and wait for her mother.那個迷路的小女孩決定那個迷路的小女孩決定待在原地等她母親。待在原地等她母親。地點狀語從句常見的連詞有：1. where 在地方，2. wherever 無論在地方，(1) make a mark -you have problems.(2) i will find him - he may be.wherewherever狀語從句公開課333地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。地點狀語從句在句首時常兼有抽象條件意味。where theres a w

40、ill，theres a way.有志者事竟成。有志者事竟成。where(ver)theres plenty of sun and rain，the fields are green.哪里陽光雨水充足，哪里的田野就綠油油。哪里陽光雨水充足，哪里的田野就綠油油。地點狀語從句和定語從句的區別。go back where you came from.go back to the place where you came .狀語從句公開課34【例26】 _ he is，he will be thinking of his girlfriend. a.what b.where c.whether d.d

41、.wherever【例27】 she found her calculator _ she lost it. a.that b.b.where c.in which d.when【例28】 this is the factory _ her mother worked last year a.that b.b.where c.c.in which d.wherever狀語從句公開課35三。三。 原因狀語從句原因狀語從句狀語從句公開課36引導原因狀語從句的連詞引導原因狀語從句的連詞引導詞語氣位置意義because(in that) 語氣最強主句之前或后“因為”直接原因，可以 回答why,可以置于

42、強調句型中since(now that)語氣較弱主句之前“ 既然”眾所周知的原因，人們達成一致的事實as語氣最弱主句之前或后“由于”雙方已知的較明顯的原因for并列連詞語氣較弱逗號后面補充說明的理由 considering /seeing (that) “鑒于，考慮到鑒于，考慮到“，也可引導原因狀語從句也可引導原因狀語從句狀語從句公開課37because because 表示原因是語氣最強，經常表示聽者未知的原因表示原因是語氣最強，經常表示聽者未知的原因. .即可以回答即可以回答whywhy的提問，又可以放在強調句型中成為的提問，又可以放在強調句型中成為被強調的部分。被強調的部分。i cant

43、 go, i cant go, because because im ill.im ill.he failed he failed because because he was too careful.he was too careful.it isit is because you are lazy because you are lazy thatthat you have lost the you have lost the job.job.狀語從句公開課38 because1)the ship changed its course because there was a storm.t

44、he ship changed its course because of the storm.2)because he was ill,he didnt go to school. he was ill ,so he didnt go to school.being ill, he didnt go to school.狀語從句公開課39i didnt help him i didnt help him not becausenot because i was i was unwilling, unwilling, but becausebut because i was unable to

45、 do it i was unable to do it. . ( (不是因為不是因為而是因為而是因為)2. you should notnot laugh at him becausebecause he is poor 3.the country is notnot strong becausebecause it is big. （不因就）狀語從句公開課40sincesince 引導的語氣次于引導的語氣次于becausebecause，表示稍加分析后推，表示稍加分析后推斷出的原因，或指的是人們達成一致的事實。斷出的原因，或指的是人們達成一致的事實。“ 既然，既然，鑒于鑒于”常放于句首。常

46、放于句首。since no one is against it, lets carry out the since no one is against it, lets carry out the plan.plan.as as 語氣最弱，其原因只是對結果的附帶說明。一般放語氣最弱，其原因只是對結果的附帶說明。一般放句首。句首。as he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.as he wasnt ready in time, we went without him.狀語從句公開課41forfor 屬于并列連詞，但不能直接說明原因，而是對屬于并列連

47、詞，但不能直接說明原因，而是對某種情況加以推斷用于表示補充說明的理由。常放某種情況加以推斷用于表示補充說明的理由。常放于句末。于句末。he must be ill, for he is absent today.he must be ill, for he is absent today.the spring is coming, for the birds are the spring is coming, for the birds are singing.singing.now thatnow that 用了說明一種新的情況，然后加以推用了說明一種新的情況，然后加以推論，位于句首，論，位

48、于句首，that that 可省略。可省略。“ 既然，鑒于既然，鑒于”now (that) everybody is here, lets begin.now (that) everybody is here, lets begin.狀語從句公開課42seeing (that) ; considering seeing (that) ; considering (that )(that )seeing / considering (thatseeing / considering (that ) ) he is so young, he is so young, that is excusab

49、le (that is excusable (可原諒的）可原諒的）鑒于鑒于他如此年輕，這是可以原諒的。他如此年輕，這是可以原諒的。狀語從句公開課431.this was _ she was absent from school.2.that was _ she was ill yesterday.3. the reason _ she couldnt finish her homework is not_she forgot to do her homework, but _ she was busy nursing a sick classmate.4.how can he get good

50、 grades when he wont study? whybecausewhythatthatwhen “既然既然” 表示原因表示原因狀語從句公開課44四。四。 目的狀語從句目的狀語從句狀語從句公開課45 引導目的狀語的連詞有引導目的狀語的連詞有so; so that; in order so; so that; in order that; in case; for fear that;lestthat; in case; for fear that;lest目的狀語從目的狀語從句中的謂語動詞通常使用情態動詞句中的謂語動詞通常使用情態動詞can, could, may, can, cou

51、ld, may, might, should, wouldmight, should, wouldwe sit nearer the front we sit nearer the front so (that)so (that) we we can can hear hear better. better. come early come early in order that / so thatin order that / so that you you cancan see see him.him.he put his money in the safe he put his mone

52、y in the safe for fear thatfor fear that it it should should be stolen. (be stolen. (他把錢放在保險箱里他把錢放在保險箱里生怕生怕/ /以防以防被盜被盜) )1.1. he runs fast he runs fast in order to / so as toin order to / so as to arrive arrive there early.there early.狀語從句公開課46.take an umbrella take an umbrella in casein case it rai

53、ns. it rains.（以防）（以防）it may not rain, but youd better take an it may not rain, but youd better take an umbrella umbrella in case.in case.（以防萬一）（以防萬一）take an umbrella take an umbrella in case of rainin case of rain.(.(介詞介詞 ）in case in case 后的從句使用后的從句使用一般現在時一般現在時表示將來，或使用表示將來，或使用一般過去時一般過去時表示過去將來，也可用表示過

54、去將來，也可用情態動詞情態動詞， 或或者從句中使用者從句中使用should, shouldshould, should也可以省略。也可以省略。take an umbrella in case take an umbrella in case it rains.it rains.he left early in case he he left early in case he (should)(should) miss the last miss the last train.train.他動身很早以防誤了最后一班火車。他動身很早以防誤了最后一班火車。狀語從句公開課47五五 。結果狀語從句。結果

55、狀語從句 狀語從句公開課48結果狀語從句連詞：結果狀語從句連詞：so that ; such that; so that ; such that; so that so that1. she was 1. she was soso happy happy thatthat she cried . she cried .2. she worked very hard, 2. she worked very hard, soso thatthat she became she became rich in a very short timerich in a very short time.(.(

56、她努力工作很快就致富她努力工作很快就致富了。了。) )3. he made3. he made such such an excellent speech an excellent speech that that everyone admired him.everyone admired him.so so 為副詞，修飾形容詞，副詞，為副詞，修飾形容詞，副詞，such such 為形容詞，修飾名詞。為形容詞，修飾名詞。狀語從句公開課49so + adj. so + adj. so + adj. + a/an + so + adj. + a/an + 單單n.n.so + so + many/

57、fewmany/few+ + 復數復數n.+ thatn.+ thatso +so +much/littlemuch/little（多少）（多少）+ + 不可數不可數n. +that n. +that such +a/an +adj. + such +a/an +adj. + 單單n.+ that n.+ that such +adj. +such +adj. +復數復數n.+ thatn.+ thatsuch +adj. + such +adj. + 不可數不可數n. + thatn. + that狀語從句公開課50he was he was so honest thatso honest

58、that we all trust him. we all trust him.he was he was such an honest man thatsuch an honest man that we all trust him. we all trust him.there was there was so so much much work thatwork that we couldnt finish we couldnt finish it.it.there were there were so so manymany people people that we couldnt

59、get that we couldnt get in.in.it was it was such such nice nice weatherweather that that we want to go out. we want to go out.so that.; such that so that.; such that 句型中，句型中，so ,such so ,such 位于位于句首，句首，主句須部分倒裝主句須部分倒裝so terrible was the stormso terrible was the storm that some houses were that some h

60、ouses were destroyeddestroyed.suchsuch is the power of the tv that it makes a person famous in one night.狀語從句公開課51結果狀語的表達方式1. he is clever and honest, _all of us like him.(make)2. i hurried to the airport, only _that my friend had gone already. (tell)3. tooto （太而不能） enough to（達到某種程度可以） soas to (那么以至