1、2012 高考前冠詞考點梳理冠詞分為不定冠詞（a, an），定冠詞（the），和零冠詞。（一）不定冠詞的用法1指一類人或事，相當于 a kind ofA plane is a machine that can fly.2第一次提及某人某物，非特指A boy is waiting for you. 有個男孩在等你。3表示 “每一 ”相當于 every， oneWe study eight hours a day.4表示 “相同 ”相當于 the sameWe are nearly of an age. Hello, could I speak to Mr. Smith?用于人名前，表示不認識此人

2、或與某名 Sorry, wrong number. There isnt_ Mr. Smith here.5A. 不填B. a人有類似性質的人或事C. theD. oneThat boy is rather a Lei Feng. （活雷鋒）a couple of,a bit,once upon a time,6用于固定詞組中in a hurry,have a walk,many a time,a waste of,in a mess7用于 quite, rather, many, half, what, suchThis room is rather a big one.之后8用于 so(a

3、s, too, how)+ 形容詞之后She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.不定冠詞用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前不定冠詞用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前9不定冠詞用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前不定冠詞用于抽象名詞具體化的名詞前10與序數詞連用，表示“又一，再一 ”（二）定冠詞的用法1 表示某一類人或物success(抽象名詞 ) a success(具體化 ) 成功的人或事a failure失敗的人或事a shame帶來恥辱的人或事a pity 可惜或遺憾的事a must 必需必備的物或事a good knowledge of 精通掌握某一方面的知

4、識 a pleasure 一件快樂的事In order to find a better job, he decided to study a second foreign language.為了找到一個更好的工作，他決定再學習另外一門外語。In many places in China, _ bicycle is still _ popular means of transportation.A. a; theB. /; aC. the; aD. the; the2用于世上獨一無二的事物名詞前the universe,5 用于形容詞和分詞前表示一類人表示說話雙方都了解的或上文提到過3的人或事

5、the moon,the Pacific OceanWould you mind opening the door?play the violin,4 用于演奏樂器play the guitarthe rich,the living, the wounded Could you tell me the way to _ Johnsons, please?6表示 “一家人 ”或 “夫婦 ”（對比上文的不 Sorry, we dont have _ Johnson here in the village.定冠詞用法 5）A.the; theB.the; aC. /; the D. the; /7用

6、于序數詞和形容詞副詞比較級最高He is the taller of the two children.級前8用于國家黨派等以及江河湖海，山川群the United States, the Communist Party of China, the French島的名詞前9用于表示發明物的單數名詞前The compass was invented in China.10在逢十的復數數詞之前， 指世紀的某個in the 1990s（二十世紀九十年代）年代11用于表示度量單位的名詞前I hired the car by the hour.12用于方位名詞，身體部位名詞He patted me on

7、 the shoulder.與比較級和最高級連用比較級 + and +比較級表示 “越來越 ”與比較級和最高級連用The harder he works, the happier he feels.與比較級和最高級連用表示兩者間 “較的一個 ”比較級前加 the13與比較級和最高級連用Who is the older of the two boys?與比較級和最高級連用三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度時，用“the + 最高級 ”與比較級和最高級連用的結構表示。這種句式一般常有表示比較范圍的介詞短語。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.與比較級和最高級連

8、用（三）不用冠詞（又名零冠詞）的用法專有名詞，物質名詞，抽象名詞，人名地名1Beijing University, air, love, Jack, China 等名詞前不用冠詞名詞前有I want this book, not that one.2this, my, whose, some, no, each, every 等限制Whose purse is this?時不用冠詞3季節，月份，星期，節假日，一日三餐前不Spring,用冠詞March,Sunday,National Day, breakfast4表示職位，身份，頭銜的名詞( 作表語、同Lincoln was made Pres

9、ident of America.位語、補足語）前不用冠詞5表示球類，棋類等運動的名詞前不用冠詞He likes playing football/chess.We went to the west coast by _ sea instead of driving across6與 by 連用表示交通方式的名詞前不用冠詞_continent.A. the; theB.不填； theC. the; 不填D. 不填；不填以 and 連接的兩個相對的名詞并用時不用冠husband and wife,7knife and fork,詞day and night8表示泛指的復數名詞前不用冠詞Horse

10、s are useful animals.（四）有無冠詞意義不同（常見的詞組）by day 在白天by the day 按天計算in case of 以防in the case of 就來說in charge of 負責，管理in the charge of 由負責in office 執政in the office 在辦公室in sight(of) 看見in the sight(of) 在看來go to sea 去當水手go to the sea 到海邊去out of question 毫無疑問out of the question 不可能take advice 征求意見take the ad

11、vice 聽從勸告go to church 去做禮拜go to the church 去教堂in prison 坐牢in the prison 在監獄特別提示：當地點名詞表示地點時， 其前用定冠詞； 表示在這一地點所發生的活動時， 其前不加冠詞。如：He went to the bed and fetched me a magazine before he went to bed. 他睡覺前到床邊給我拿了本雜志。The day before yesterday he went to the hospital to see his friend injured in an accident, b

12、ut now he was also in hospital because of an accident.冠詞是歷年高考的常考點 , 在語法填空題型中尤其是不會錯過的考點。 主要考查冠詞在具體語境中的運用，考查內容包括定冠詞和不定冠詞的用法區別，名詞前不用冠詞的情況，特指與泛指以及習語中的冠詞用法。 How about taking _short break? I want to make _call.A. the; aB. a; theC. the; theD. a; a【解析】答案為D 。 take a short break 休息“一會兒 ”， make a call 打“一個電話 ”

13、。 Christmas is_ special holiday when _whole family are supposed to get together.A. the; theB. a; aC. the; aD. a; the【解析】答案為D 。 a special holiday 指 “某一個特別的節日”； the whole family 為特指。 I looked under_bed and found books I lost last week.A. the; aB. the ； theC. 不填； theD. the; 不填【解析】 答案為 B。此題中的the bed 和 t

14、he books 都為特指。 the bed 指 “所看的床 ”；thebooks 指 “所丟的書 ”。 I like_color of your skirt. It is _good match for your blouse.A. a; theB. a; aC. the; aD. the; the【解析】答案為C。 the color 指 “你襯衫的顏色 ”； a good match 泛指 “和你的外套相配的一種好顏色 ”。 George couldn t remember when he first met Mr. Anderson, but he was sure itwasSund

15、ay because everybody was atchurch.A. /; theB. the; /C. a; /D. /; a【解析】答案為C。a Sunday 泛指某一個星期天；at church 為固定搭配，不用冠詞，意為“在做禮拜 ”。 Many people have come to realize that they should go on _balanced diet and makeroom in their day for exercise.A. a; /B. the; aC. the; theD. /; a【解析】答案為A 。a balanced diet 泛指 “一

16、種平衡的飲食”；make room 為固定搭配，意為“騰出空間 ”。 Many people have come to realize that they should go onbalanced diet andmakeroom in their day for exercise.A. a; 不填B. the; aC. the; theD.不填 ; a【解析】答案為A 。分析句子可知，第一個空用“a表”示 “一種 ”，某些不可數的抽象名詞前用不定冠詞表示某種具體的情況或概念。第二個空不用冠詞，make room 意為 “騰出空間（時間） ”為固定短語。 How about _Christma

17、s evening party? I should say it was _success.A. a; aB. the; aC. a;不填D. the;不填【解析】答案為B 。 the Christmas evening party 為特指剛結束的圣誕晚會；a success考查抽象名詞具體化時的不定冠詞用法。success原為抽象名詞， 不可數 , 但在此處已經完全具What a pleasant體化而變為可數名詞。題中 a success意為 “一次成功的晚會 ”。當抽象名詞表示具有某種特性、狀態、情感、情緒的人和事時，這個抽象名詞已經變為可數名詞，再如surprise you gave

18、us!意為 “你真的給我們帶來了驚喜”。 We went right round to the west coast bysea instead of driving acrosscontinent.A. the; theB.不填 ;theC. the; 不填D.不填 ;不填【解析】答案為B 。 by sea 意為 “經海路 ”； by the sea 意為 “在海邊 ”；表示大陸、大洋等的名詞前通常要加定冠詞。 George couldn trememberwhen he firstmetMr.Anderson,buthe was sure itwasSunday because every

19、body was atchurch.A./; theB. the; /C. a; /D./; a【解析】答案為C。不定冠詞用于表示星期的名詞前，泛指“某個星期幾 ”；at church 表示“做禮拜 ”，at the church 表示 “在教堂 ”。故本題選C。1. What about _ job? It s too difficult _ job for me.A. the; aB. the; the C. a; theD. a; a【答案及解析】A第一空是特指，第二空是泛指。2.Duncan, _ NBA star, is one of _ few basketball players

20、 who are very popularto many of his Chinese fans.A. an; theB. an; aC. the; theD. the; a【答案及解析】 A第一空泛指 “一個 NBA 籃球明星 ”；第二空考查短語中的冠詞，the few表示：特指為數不多的幾個籃球運動員。3.Our graduation party wassuccess. We sang and danced until it came too clock.A. a; theB. a; anC. the; an D. / ; /end at ten【答案及解析】B此處a success抽象名

21、詞具體化，表示 “一件成功的事情”；come to anend 是固定短語，表示“結束 ”。4. Really? Who will givelecture? Mr. Wang,famous professor from Nanjing University.A. the; /B. a; the C. the; aD. a; a【答案及解析】C第一空指說話雙方都知道的那個演講，故使用表示 “一個的人 ”時，名詞前面應用不定冠詞。the 修飾；介紹某人5.It was _ surprise that my first teacher, already 90, was still living an

22、d in _good health.A. the; aB. /; aC. a; /D. a; the【答案與解析】Ca surprise 一件讓人吃驚的事，是抽象名詞具體化；in good health固定短語，意為“身體好 ”。是6.Although everything seems to have been taken into consideration, _ happen when the astronauts walk in _ space. A. /; the B. an; the C. the; the D. an; /accident can【答案與解析】D 。第一空填不定冠詞

23、表泛指，第二空space“太空 ”前不加冠詞， 故選D項。7.Nowadays it is difficult for people to find _work because _ economic situation inworld is very serious.A. /; anB. /; theC. the; the D. a; /【答案與解析】 Bwork 是不可數名詞， 表泛指， 所以第一空不用冠詞；第二空特指 “世界經濟形勢 ”，故用定冠詞 the。句意為：因為嚴峻的經濟形勢，現在人們找工作已經很困難了。8.A new research suggests cutting _ glo

24、bal warming pollution would not only make_planet healthier, but also make people healthier.A. the; aB. /; /C. /; theD. the; the【答案與解析】Cglobal warming pollution球，用定冠詞。是泛指概念，不用冠詞；the planet特指地9.By _ nature, you are an adventurer, full of amazement and curiosity about _ world bigger than life itself.A.

25、 a; theB. the; theC. /; aD. the; /【答案與解析】C固定短語by nature 表示 “天生，生性 ”，故第一空不需要填冠詞；第二空填不定冠詞a 表示泛指。10. According to recent reports, one of the rare animals, _ crocodile, is in _ danger of dying out.A. a; theB. /; a C. /; the D. the; /【答案與解析】 Dthe crocodile 特指上文中的稀有動物之一，所以前面要加定冠詞。 indanger of 處于危險之中，為一固定短語。11.Geneva, _ city in Switzerland, is _ center of Switzerland- s watch and jewelrymaking industries.A. the; aB. a; theC. a; / D. /; the【答案與解析】 B第一空 a city 構成同