1、模板與解說,對立觀點型,這類作文的主線是：某一事物或現象其優缺點或有關的正反面觀點“我”的態度或看法。其框架也相對固定，三段分別可以這樣展開： 第一段：引出有爭議的兩個觀點； 第二段：對兩個觀點分別進行詳細的論述，可以分為兩小段進行； 第三段：總結、陳述自己的觀點。 結合四級考試的特點，本講座對部分歷年真題制作了套用模板并提供了范文，以供參考,例：Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? (2005年12月) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a

2、 short essay entitled Should the University Campus Be Open to Tourists? You should write at least 120 words following the outline given in Chinese below: ）名校校園正成為旅游新熱點； ）校園是否應對游客開放，人們看法不同； ）我認為,模板一 第一段： Nowadays, there is an increasing interest in . (點明新熱點) Therefore, there is a hot debate over . (切

3、入話題) 第二段： Some people are in favor of the idea of . (概述一方觀點) They believe that . (詳述理由一) They also argue that . (詳述理由二) 第三段： However, other people stand on a different ground. (概述一方觀點) They consider . (詳述理由一) Whats more, they firmly point out that . (詳述理由二) 第四段： There is some truth in both arguments

4、. (雙方各有道理) But I think the advantages of overweigh the disadvantages. (但是利大于弊) In my opinion, . (總結自己的觀點,例：ls a Test of Spoken English Necessary?（年月） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic Is a Test of Spoken English Necessary? The first sentence ha

5、s already been written for you. You should write at least 100 words and base your composition on the outline given in Chinese below: 1)很多人認為有必要舉行英語口語考試，理由是 ）也有人持不同意見 ) 我的看法和打算。 A test of spoken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (CET)._,摸板二 第一段： A test of s

6、poken English will be included as an optional component of the College English Test (C ET).(首句已給出) But as to the view of _, there are some controversies(爭議) among people. (提出問題) 第二段： Many people hold that_.(概述一方觀點) In the first place,_.（詳述理由一） In the second place,_.（詳述理由二） 第三段： Some people, however,

7、 take a different attitude. （轉折，承上啟下） They consider_.（概述另一方觀點） There are two reasons for this.（引出原因） One is that_.（詳述理由一） The other is that_.（詳述理由二） 第四段： As for me,_.（闡述自己的觀點） So I_.（得出結論,二、道理論證型 道理論證型論說文是對某一事物或現象進行分析和論證。它與對立觀點型論說文的最大區別在于前者通常是就某一個明確的觀點進行分析和論證，而后者針對兩個對立的觀點進行對比論證，由作者在最后表明自己的立場。 道理論證型論

8、說文一般按下列框架展開： 第一段：開篇引出題目要求評論的觀點，并給出不同看法； 第二段：詳細闡述這些看法的立足理由及其優劣之處； 第三段：總結并給出自己的見解。 曾出現過的道理論證型真題有：It Pays to Be Honest（年月），Dons Hesitate to Say “No”（年月,例： It Pays to Be Honest（年月） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic It Pays to Be Hnest. You should w

9、rite at least 100 words according to the outline given belpow in Chinese: ）當前社會上存在許多不誠實的現象； ）誠實利人利己，做人應該誠實,模板 第一段： It is true that_.（指出普通的觀點） However,_.（敘述不同的觀點） 第二段： I think_.（提出自己的觀點，即文章的論點） The reasons can be listed as follows.（開始論證） Firstly,_.（論證理由一） Secondly,_.（論證理由二） For example,_.（舉例） Thirdly

10、,_.（論證理由三） A case in point is that_.（舉例） 第三段： It goes wothout saying that（不用說）_.（指出執行該觀點時的注意事項） In conclusion,_.（總結全文,It Pays to Be Honest It is true that most of us value honesty highly. However, nowadays we often confront confidence crisis such as cheating , overcharging, fake commodities and so o

11、n. I think that we should be honest. The reasons can be listed as follows. Firstly, only honest people can be truly respected by others over a long period of time.Secondly, honesty, as a traditional virtue of Chinese people, can make our life easier and more harmonious. For example, if fewer student

12、s cheated in exams, exams would be made much simpler. Thirdly, honesty can make our society more stable. A case in point is that Singapore, a society featuring trust and integrity, has a comparatively low crime rate. It goes without saying saying that being honest is of great benefit to both the com

13、munity and individuals. In conclusion, honesty should be encouraged in our society. (140 words,Be of具有.性質,內容 is of great benefit to both the community and individuals:對社會和個人都大有益處。be of benefit相當于 be beneficial,類似的詞組還有： be of great importance,相當于be very important,It Pays to Be Honest It is true that

14、honesty, as a virtue of mankind, has been challenged in the modern sociery as we encounter more and more dishonest people and things. However, when asked the question of whether we need to be honest, my answer is “Yes”. I think it pays to be honest. The reasons can be listed as follows. Firstly, hon

15、esty is essentially important in establishing trust among people. Secondly, to be honest brings benefits to people around you . For example, your classmates may find it easy to communicate with you. Thirdly, you yourself will benefit from being honest. You will be blessed with使有幸得到，a stable marriage

16、, many friends and more importantly, a peaceful heart. It goes without sayong that your life will be meaningful as you will be appreciated and remembered as an honest person. In conclusion, it is definitely rewarding to be honest because you will get more than you pay. (151 words,三、問題解決型 問題解決型論說文立意在

17、“How”，以“方法”、“途徑”、“怎么辦”為文章的核心，主要遵循“提出問題分析原因提出解決辦法”的模式。問題解決型命題在歷年四級真題中出現過4次，占近11年四級命題總數的17%。 最典型的問題解決型命題通常以“How”開頭，如：How to Succeed in a Job Interview？（2001年1月），How I Finance My College Education（2001年1月）。此外，考生從給出提綱中出現的詞“該怎么辦”也可以推斷其屬于問題解決型。 問題解決型作文的一般框架是： 第一段：引言，對現狀、形勢或困難進行描述，提出問題； 第二段：途徑與方法，列舉做某事的途徑或

18、解決問題的各種方法： 第三段：評價或選擇，對第二段中提及的途徑和方法進行簡要評價，或選取其中一、兩種自己認為合適的，闡述其依據,例1：How to Succeed in a Job Interview?（2001年1月） Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How to Succeed in a Job Interview? You should write at least 100 words and base your composition on

19、 the outline given in Chinese below: 1）面試在求職過程中的作用： 2）取得面試成功的因素：儀表、舉止談吐、能力、專業知識、自信、實事求是,模板一 第一段： _.（鋪墊，提出問題） On the one hand,_.（理由一） On the other hand,_.（理由二） 第二段： Therefore, how to_is worth paying attention to.（承上啟下，提出要解決的問題） Firstly,_.（辦法一） Secondly,_.（辦法二） For example,_.（舉例說明辦法二） Thirdly,_.（辦法三）

20、In this way,_.（預期結果） 第三段： In brief,_.（總結全文,With the development of the job market, interviews play an important role in job-hunting. On the one hand, a job interview offers both interviewees and interviewers a chance to know each other within quite a short time, On the other hand, excellent performa

21、nce in an interview will enable the interviewees to make a good impression upon the interviewer and finally get the job. Therefore, how to succeed in job interview is worth paying to. Firstly, interviewees should have some knowledge about the company and the position they apply for. Secondly, interv

22、iewees should have self-confidence. For example, being too modest is not welcome to most human resources professionals. Thirdly, interviewees should dress neatly and properly. In this way, interviewees could show that they attach vital importance to the job. In brief, if the interviewee takes the ad

23、vice and makes better preparations, he is more likely to be employed,例：How I Finance My College Education (2000年1月) Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic How I Finance My College Education. You should write at least 100 words and base your composit

24、ion on the outline given in Chinese below: 1) 上大學的費用 (tuition and fees) 可通過多種途徑解決； 2) 哪種途徑適合于我（說明理由,模板二 第一段： Currently, . （引出話題） Thus how to has become a matter of concern. （提出問題） These following channels are possible . （闡述能解決問題的辦法） 第二段： As far as I am concerned, . （簡述自己是如何解決問題的） On the one hand, . （一方面） Moreover, . （進一步闡述） Anyway, . （總結） On the other hand, . （另一方面） 第三段： In view of this, . （得出結論,Currently, tuition and fees for college students are much higher than ever before. Thus how to finance the college education has become a matter of concern. These follo