【本講教育信息】一. 教學內容： 冠詞二. 重難點講解（一）冠詞在句中的位置及分類冠詞主要放在名詞之前，說明名詞所表示的人或事物，它不能離開名詞而單獨存在。冠詞有兩種：a和an 為不定冠詞，the為定冠詞。（二）冠詞的泛指和特指用法泛指是指首次提到的、不限定的人或事物。特指是指上文已提到的人或事物，或是指被限制性修飾語在其后加以限定的人或事物，也可以是指說話者雙方心目中所默認的特定的人或事物。冠詞的泛指和特指用法可歸納為下表：1. 單數可數名詞前一定要用冠詞：a（n）泛指單一，每一，任一事物指類別the特指：上文提到過的人或事物被限制性修飾語所限定的人或事物說話雙方所默認的人或事物世上獨一無二的人或事物指類別2. 復數可數名詞、不可數名詞前the特指上文提到過的人或事物被限制性修飾語所限定的人或事物說話雙方所默認的人或事物零冠詞泛指的人或事物指類別（三）不定冠詞的用法1. 在敘述時用于第一次提到的某人或某物This is a book.2. 泛指人或事物的某一類別A plane is a machine that can fly.3. 泛指某人或某物A girl is waiting for you.4. 用于表示時間、速度、價格等意義的名詞前，有“每一”的意思，相當于every. Two kilometers an hour, five lessons a week, twice a month5. 用在某些物質名詞和抽象名詞前，表示“一陣、一份、一類、一場”等。There will be a strong wind in South China.Its a pleasure for me to work with you.6. 用于某些固定詞組中。a few/little/bit, have a swim/ walk/ talk/ look/dance/ drink/ rest, have a cold, have a good time, in a hurry, for a while, keep a diary, do sb. a favor7. 用于可視為一體的兩個名詞前a knife and fork（四）定冠詞the 的用法1. 表示雙方都知道的人或事物Give me the book, please.2. 表示特指的或上文已提到過的人或事物Do you know the girl in red?I have a book. The book is very interesting.3. 表示世界上獨一無二的事物。The earth moves around the sun.4. 用在序數詞、形容詞最高級前面，以及對兩個人或事物進行比較時起特指作用的比較級前。The first lesson is very easy.She is the most careful student in my class.He is the younger of the two boys.5. 用在姓氏的復數形式前表示一家人The Greens are watching TV now.6. 用在單數可數名詞前表示一類人或事物The orange is orange.7. 用于江河、海洋、山脈、群島、沙漠等專有名詞前，或由普通名詞構成的專有名詞之前。the Great Wall; the United States; the Summer Palace8. 與某些形容詞連用表示一類人The rich should help the poor.9. 用在表示方位或樂器名稱的名詞之前。Jilin is in the north of China.I like playing the piano.10. 用在某些固定詞組中in the morning/ afternoon/ evening; in the daytime; in the end; all the time; at the same time; by the way; in the open air; at the age of; at the beginning of; on the other side of; in the middle of; at the moment（五）定冠詞的位置1. 當定冠詞與all, half, both, double等詞連用修飾名詞時，定冠詞應放在這些詞之后。Look, all the books are here.Both the boys are from Class1, Grade 2.They walked half the journey.2. 當定冠詞與表示倍數、分數的詞連用時，需要放在這些詞之后The bed is three times the size of that one.The rope is one third the length of that one.（六）零冠詞的用法1. 不可數名詞和復數名詞表泛指時前面用零冠詞Man cant live without water.Horses are animals.2. 某些專有名詞，如人名、地名、國名、物質名詞、抽象名詞表示泛指時前面用零冠詞。 China is a great country.Mary lives in New York. 3. 名詞前已有指示代詞、物主代詞、不定代詞或名詞所有格等修飾時，用零冠詞。Every student likes English in our class.4. 用在表節日、日期、星期、月份、季節等的詞前面，但若特指某年的某月份或某年的某季節，則需要在月份、季節前加the.June 1 is Childrens Day.Spring comes after winter.5. 用在稱呼或表示頭銜的名詞前This is Professor Li.6. 用在三餐、球類及學科名詞前I went to school without breakfast this morning.He often plays football after school.We are all like English. 7. 用在“專有名詞+普通名詞”構成的表示街名、路名、山名等的名詞前。Nanjing Road Hainan Island8. 用在與by 連用的交通工具名稱前by car, by train但take a bus, in a boat, on the bike 前需用冠詞。9. 用在公共假日、節日名稱之前New Years Day; Womens Day10. 用在表特定的公園、街道、車站、橋、學校等的名詞前Peoples Park11. 用在某些固定詞組或習慣用語中day and night; face to face; side by side; step by step; watch TV; at school/ work/ home; at first/ last; in trouble; in danger; on foot; on duty/ watch; on time; in time; in bed; go to school/work; by bus/ plane/ ship/ bike; at noon/ night三. 易混點清單（一）不定冠詞a/an的區別a 用在以輔音因素開頭的單詞前an 用在以元音因素開頭的單詞前（注意：根據讀音，不是根據字母）an honest boy, a useful bookTheres an “f” in the word “five”.（二）單數名詞前加定冠詞、不定冠詞，復數名詞前不加冠詞都可以表示“一類”。A horse is a useful animal.The horse is a useful animal.Horses are useful animals.（三）有定冠詞與無定冠詞的區別1. go to schoolgo to the school2. go to bedgo to the bed3. in hospital in the hospital4. at table at the table5. at school at the school6. in class in the class7. in future in the future8. in front of in the front of9. next year the next year10. by seaby the sea11. in bed in the bed12. on earthon the earth（四）序數詞前面用定冠詞與不定冠詞的區別the+ 序數詞 “第幾”a +序數詞“又一、再一”（五）a number of , the number of （六）在句型“動詞+人+介詞+ the+人體部位”中要用the，而不用物主代詞。take sb. by the bandhit sb. on the headpat sb. on the shoulderhit sb. in the face（七）當名詞被其他詞修飾時，不定冠詞a或an 的位置應注意1. 當名詞被such, half, what, many修飾時，不定冠詞放在這些詞之后。He left in such a hurry that he forgot to close the door.It took me half an hour to write the letter.What an interesting book it is!Many a man has gone to the big cities for work.2. 當名詞前面的形容詞前有so, how, too等詞時，不定冠詞應放在形容詞后。She was so nice a girl that she took the blind man to the station.How nice a film this is!3. 當名詞前面有形容詞和quite, rather, very 時，不定冠詞置于quite 或rather之后， very之前quite a good bookrather a useful toola very interesting story 【模擬試題】一. 1. Han Meimei is _ Chinese girl. Lucy is _ English girl.A. a; a B. an; an C. a; an D. an; a2. A little boy wrote_ “U” and_ “n” on the wall.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; an D. a; a3. _ old lady in brown is_ university professor.A. An; a B. An; / C. The; an D. The; a4. There are sixty minutes in _ hour.A. an B. the C. a D. /5. This is _ interesting book and it is also _ useful one.A. an; an B. an; the C. ah; a D. a; a6. A computer is _ useful tool in _ world today.A. an; the B. a; the C. the; the D. a; a二. 1. We have never seen _ interesting film.A. such B. such an C. so D. such a2. Mrs Smith is _ friend of _A. the; mine B. a; me C. the; my D. a; mine3. He is _ boy.A. a seven-years-old B. an eight-year-oldC. the seven-year-old D. an eight-year-older4. I saw _ accident in the street yesterday.A. the B. a C. an D. /5. Now he is _ artist. 1 have known him since he was _one-year-old boy. A. a; an B. a; a C. an; an D. an; a三. 1. Which bigger _ elephant or _ horse?A. a; the B. an; a C. the; an D. an; the2. _monkey can climb _ trees.A. /; the B. A; / C. The; a D. /; /3. _ rains are faster than _ buses.A. /; / B. The; / C. /; the D. The; a4. Have you learned German?Yes. Its _ language Ive ever learned.A. a quite difficult B. quite a difficultC. difficult quite D. difficult a quite5. Some animals, like _ cat, _ dog or _ wolf, do not need to hibernate（冬眠）.A. /; /; the B. the; the; the C. a; /; the D. the; /; /四. 1. Yesterday we held_ talk with them in the hall.A. the B. this C. a D. an2. My mother had_ fever, so I had to look after her.A. a B. the C. / D. this3. Looking at, he took _ deep breath.A. / B. a C. that D. its4. I usually go out for _ walk after_ tea;A. a; / B. /; the C. a; a D. the; a5. After that they had _ sleep.A. a night good B. a nights good C. a good night D. a good nights五. 1. It is _ since we _ last time. A. long time; met B. a long time; meetC. a long time; met D. the long time; meet2. There came _ great noise. It frightened us.A. the B. a C. / D. that3. It is_ pleasure to work with these workers.A. an B. / C. a D. this4. After _ quick breakfast I hurried to _ school.A. /; / B. a; / C. the; the D. the; /六. 1. This is _ egg. _egg is big。A. a; A B. an; An C. a; The D. an; The2. There is_ W in _ word “map”.A. a; an B. an; a C. an; the D. a; the3. Here is basket. _ basket is mine.A. a; The B. the; An. C. a; A D. the; A4. There is_ bridge over there. _ bridge is made of wood.A. the; The B. a; A C. the; A D. a; The5. He ordered _ book some time ago and now _ book has arrived.A. a; a B. the; a C. the; the D. a; the七. 1. She saw_ English film last Sunday. But she can not remember_name of _ film.A. an; a; a B. a; the; a C. an; the; a D. an; the; the2. There is_ old man under_ tree.A. an; the B. the; a C. a; the D. an; /3. What was _ yesterday?November 24.A. date B. the date C. day D. the day4. We shall visit your country in_ coming year.,A. a B. the C. one D. that5. Mother does most of _ at home.A. cleaning B. a clean C. the cleaning D. clean 八. 1. Whose room is that? Its_.A. the twins B. of Lucy and LilyC. of the twins D. the twins2. Im busy_.A. at the moment B. at that moment C. in a moment D. just a moment3. _ book is very useful. I bought it from _ unknown little town.A. A; a B. The; a C. A; an D. The; an4. English is_ interesting subject for most of students.A. the; an B. the; the C. an; / D. an; the5. _ girl in _ Grade Three is _ tallest in our school.A. The; the; the B. A; a; a C. The; /; the D. A; /; a九. 1. Mr White lives on _floor.A. the fifteen B. fifteen C. the fifteenth D. fifteenth2. A boy named Ding Wei kicked a goal early _ of the match. A. in the one half B. in the first half C. for the first half D. for half one3. He has tried twice, and the captain asks him to have _ third try. A. the B. a C. another D. other4. China is one of _ oldest countries in _ world.A. the; the B. the; / C. a; a D. an; the5. Mary is _ only girl who has been to American.A. a B. the C. an D. /十.1. We can see _ sun and _ moon in_ picture. A. a; the; the B. the; a; theC. a; the; a D. the; the; the2. _moon moves around _ earth, and they both are smaller than _ sun.A. The ; an ; a B. A; the; the C. /; /; / D. The; the; the3. Paris is _ capital of France.A. a B. / C. one D. the十一1. _ Browns arrived there yesterday evening.A. / B. A C. The D. An2. Why not ask your father to draw_ map for you if you want to get to _ Alices house easily?A. a; an B. /; an C. the; a D. a; /3. _ Browns are sitting at_ breakfast table.A. /; a B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the4. _ Turners could not pay for _ colour TV set. A. The; a B. /; the C. /; a D. The; /5. They went to _ Smiths and stayed there for half_ hour.A. /; an B. the; a C. a; the D. the; an十二.1. Cotton is grown in _ China.A. north B. the north of C. the north D. a north2. Its _ pleasure to see _ sun rising in _ east.A. /; the; / B. a; /; / C. a; the; the D. /; the; the3. Most of us are from_.A. the south B. south C. the southern D. southern4. _ United States lies in North America.A. An B. A C. The D. /十三.1. He likes playing_ piano, he doesnt like playing_ football.A. the; the B. the; / C. /; the D. /; /2. Tom enjoys playing _ football while I enjoy playing _ piano very much.A. the; the B. a; a C. /; the D. the; /3. Yesterday his mother bought_ piano and _ basketball in that big shop.A. the; a B. a; a C. /; / D. some; two十四. 1. _ night, a stranger knocked at the door.A. One B. The C. An D. A2. We often play football in_ of the school building.A. a front B. fronts C. front D. the front3. Theres going to be _ English test next week.A. an; a B. an; / C. the; a D. an; the4. There is a map on _ left of the picture.A. the B. / C. a D. an5. He takes a bath in _ evening.A. the B. / C. a D., an十五. 1. We should look after_ old.A. these B. those C. the D. an2. The young nurse is kind to _ ill in the hospital.A. a B. an C. / D. the3. _ poor in those days had a hard time. A. A B. This C. The D. Those4. Not all _ beautiful is good.A. the B. a C. / D. this十六. 1. They sailed along _ Yellow River for two weeks before they arrived _ home.A. /; / B. the; / C. the; the D. /; the2. The students of our school climbed_ West Mountains.A. the B. this C. that D. /3. The ship is sailing on_ Pacific OceanA. a B. the C. / D. that十七. 1. Excuse me, may I have_ water, please? Sorry, there isnt _ water in _ bottle. A. any; any; the B. some; some; a C. some; any; the D. some; any; a2. It is known to all that _ light travels faster than _ sound. A. /; / B. a; a C. the; the D. the; /3. _water（Water）is necessary in _ peoples everyday life. A. /; / B. The; / C. The; the D. /; the4. I came here in_ autumn of 1982.A. one B. a C. an D. the十八. 1. _ is the most difficult in this book.A. Lesson second B. The second lesson C. Sec