.十七閱讀填空【母題來源一】【2016全國新課標II】【母題原題】【2016全國新課標II】根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。A garden thats just right for youHave you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts? 16 . But it doesnt happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process._17 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料). 18 . However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them comes from our earliest years.Recall(回憶)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad, but thats not whats important. 19 -how being in those gardens made us feel. If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 20 then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun.A. Know why you gardenB. Find a good place for your own gardenC. Its our experience of the garden that mattersD. Its delightful to see so many beautiful flowersE. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plantsF. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, tooG. For each of those gardens, writer down the strongest memory you have 【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. C 20. G17.A 根據本段前兩句“Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers(肥料).”可知不同人對花園有不同的看法，再倒數第二句“然而，有很多能夠解釋你為什么想做園藝的原因”可知我們首先要搞清楚為什么要做園藝。故A項正確。18.E 本段前兩句提出有些人認為花園只是一些花花草草，有些人關心少用水少用廢料。本句仍然在說明人們對園藝的不同看法。故E項“還有其他人只是喜歡在戶外接觸植物”與上下文一致，也是人們對于園藝的觀點。19.C 根據前句“.那些都不重要”可知劃線句強調的是在園藝中對我們來說真正重要的是什么。故C項“重要的是我們搞園藝的經歷”符合上下文串聯。20.G 本部分介紹如果我們自己建一個花園，要回憶一下年輕的時候所看到的那些花園，并把這些花園的優點寫下來，然后制定計劃并把自己的計劃變成美麗的花園。故G項與上下文一致。【名師點睛】 本文屬于七選五閱讀中最常見的設空在段首的方法，通常是段落主題句。認真閱讀后文內容，根據段落一致性原則，查找同義詞或其他相關的詞，推斷出主題句。本題我們根據倒數第二句“However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.”可知我們首先要知道為什么要搞園藝。故A項為本段主題句。 當七選五閱讀設空在句首時，還可能存在以下兩種情況： 1. 屬于段落間的過渡句。這時要前瞻后望找啟示，即閱讀上一段結尾部分，通常正確答案與上一段結尾有機地銜接起來，并結合下一段內容，看所選的答案是否將兩段內容連貫起來。考點：考查說明文閱讀【母題來源二】【2016四川】【母題原題】【2016四川】根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 16 In general, they can expect to live six or seven years more than men. One reason for this is biological.One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 17 Between the ages of about 12 and 50, women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力). These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and blood flow. In fact, women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks.18Theyhelpthebodydefenditselfagainstsomekindsofinfections.Thismeansthatwomengenerallygersicklessoftenandlessseriouslythanmen.Thecommoncoldisagoodexample:women,onaverage,getfewercoldsthanmen.19Scientistsarestillnotexactlysurehowinfluenceaging,buttheybelievethattheydo.Somethinkthatawomansbodycellshaveatendency(向)toagemoreslowlythanamans.Othersthinkthatamansbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.20AHowever,women,onaverage,livelonger.B.Thebiologicalfactorplaysanimportantpart.C.Womenarealsohelpedbytheirfemalegenes.D.Thefemalehormonesalsoprotectthebodyinanotherway.E.Recentresearchseemstosupportbothofthesepossibilities.F.Therefore,womenaremorehealthythanmenandcanliveabetterlife.G.Hormonesarechemicalswhichareproducedbythebodytocontrolcariousbodyfunctions.【答案】16.A 17.G 18.D 19.C 20.E【解析】試題分析：女性比男性壽命長的原因。16.A根據空格下一句：一般說，女性比男性多活6到7年。可知此處的意思是：然而，女性平均比男性壽命更長。故選A。17.G根據空格上句：男性和女性之間荷爾蒙的不同幫助女性壽命更長。可知此空的意思是：荷爾蒙是身體生產的控制各種身體功能的化學物質。故選G。18.D根據下句：它們幫助身體本身抵抗各種感染。可知此空的意思是：女性荷爾蒙也用另一種方式保護身體。故選D。【名師點睛】在做七選五時一定要注意空格前后句子的暗示詞，可以準確確定空格上的選項。比如第20小題，Somethinkthatawomansbodycellshaveatendency(向)toagemoreslowlythanamans.Othersthinkthatamansbodycellshaveatendencytoagemorequickly.20句中的Some- Others-，是關鍵詞，從這里知道這是兩種觀點。根據空格前兩句：一些人認為女性身體細胞有一個比男性老化慢的傾向，另一些人認為男性身體細胞有一個老化快的傾向。可知E項符合題意。“最近研究似乎支持這兩種可能”。故選E。考點：考查信息匹配【命題意圖】給出一篇缺少五個句子的文章，對應有七個選項，要求同學們根據文章結構、內容，選出正確的句子，填入相應的空白處。考試說明對該題型命題目的的表述為“主要考查考生對文章的整體內容和結構以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。”【考試方向】這類試題在考查題型上，通常基本以說明文為主，兼顧記敘文和議論文。【得分要點】1）從意思上判斷在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎上，再利用線索特征詞等進一步確認答案。2）從詞匯上鎖定線索做題時很重要的一點是保持對一些線索詞的敏感，最主要的線索特征詞是空白前后的名詞和動詞，尋找答案時注意在選項中查找同義詞、近義詞、反義詞或表示同一類事物的詞語等。其次是代詞、數詞、表示時間/年代的詞、地點/名稱等專有名詞等。尤其是在讀不懂句子的情況下，利用這樣的線索詞尋找答案是很有效的方法。3）從關聯詞上查找由于英語的句段之間經常會運用關聯詞表示銜接和過渡，使文章邏輯更清楚和連貫，因此文章中和選項中表示各種邏輯關系的路標性信號詞在選擇答案時都是很重要的線索。在做題時可將這三個層面的線索很好地結合起來。例如，在看到表示并列或遞進關系的關聯詞時，一般表示前后句子的名詞或句意具有同指性；而表示轉折讓步關系的詞則往往表示前后句子的名詞同指，但句意對立，或褒貶對立或肯否對立；而表示例證關系的詞則意味著在舉例之前或之后有表述概念或某一觀點的句子，往往會有復數名詞出現。【母題1】【廣東省華南師范大學附屬中學、廣東實驗中學、深圳中學、廣雅中學四校2016屆高三上學期期末聯考】For college students, graduation signals an exciting new beginning. 16 Many students wonder: What do I do now? What career is best for me? Most expert advice on choosing careers boils down to the following points. Knowing YourselfWhat are your interests? Abilities? Skills? 17 The results may surprise you! These can be useful, but theyre not the last word. InvestigatingInvestigating occupations is much more difficult. For most people, there isnt just one right job, but several that could be satisfying. 18 Talk to people who have occupations that interest you. Find out what they like and dislike about their job. 19 Many people choose their careers because they believe strongly in a particular cause. Some might choose to work in areas like medicine, charity or environmental protection. Some have a strong interest in history or a love for the arts. 20 So in cases like these, the field is often chosen first, rather than the occupation itself. So if youve chosen a field, self-assessment will help you find your place in it. Invest some time and effort, and find the right career for you. A. Try a self-assessment quiz. B. Search through books and Web sites. C. Finding your place.D. But it can also bring a lot of uncertainty and confusion. E. Serious research helps narrow the possibilities F. Research your chosen field carefully. What work needs to be done? What training is needed?G. Then they might think about education, museums or art production. 【答案】16D17A18E19C20G17. A 根據橫線前句What are your interests? Abilities? Skills?你的興趣是什么？你的能力怎么樣？你的技巧如何？要想了解自己，可以對自己進行一次測驗。測驗的結果可以告訴我們自己的興趣、能力和技巧。橫線后一句The results may surprise you!說明本句應該使用A項“Try a self-assessment quiz.”嘗試自我檢測,了解自己的興趣和能力技巧等。18. E 根據橫線前一句For most people, there isnt just one right job, but several that could be satisfying.對于很多人來說，沒有一個正確的職業，但又好幾個讓人滿意的職業。那么如何從這幾個讓人滿意的職業中找到適合自己的職業？我們可以進行職業研究來縮小范圍，所以E項“Serious research helps narrow the possibilities”符合上下文的串聯。同時后一句Talk to people who have occupations that interest you.這是職業研究的一種方式。19. C 根據本段最后一句Invest some time and effort, and find the right career for you.可知我們要花時間和經歷，找到適合自己的正確的職業。這是本段的中心句，選項中的C項“Finding your place.”找到你的位置符合本段中心思想。20. G 根據橫線前句Some have a strong interest in history or a love for the arts.一些人對歷史或藝術有很濃厚的興趣，那么他們最可能選擇與歷史及藝術有關的職業。故G項“Then they might think about education, museums or art production.”中的教育、博物館學以及藝術創作正是與歷史及藝術相關的職業。故G項符合上下文串聯。【名師點睛】在完成七選五閱讀時，我們可以從以下五個技巧著手：技巧一：從細節邏輯上判斷-因果關系在做題時最重要的是要讀懂空白前后的句子，明白這幾句話的確切意思，然后根據意思的連貫性或邏輯性從選項中選取正確答案。在讀懂意思的基礎上，判斷它們之間的關系來進一步確認答案。因果關系主要指前后的句子有著原因和結果之間的關系，這種關系往往說明了前因后果或者前果后因等情況。表示因果關系的連詞有As a result結果-，thus/therefore因此，so (such).如此-以至于等。技巧二：從細節邏輯上判斷-轉折關系轉折關系主要指英語行文中后句對前句構成逆轉邏輯關系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的逆轉，則空格處很有可能是個轉折邏輯的句子。表示轉折關系的連接詞有：However然而, nevertheless仍然，然而，不過, nonetheless盡管如此，依然，然而, still還；然而, though可是，不過，然而, yet然而, in spite of不顧，不管, at any rate無論如何，至少, in any case無論如何，不管怎樣, whoever無論是誰, whatever無論什么，on the contrary正相反, in contrast與此相反, 相比之下, by contrast相反, 相比之下, in comparison比較起來，比較地, by comparison相比之下, conversely相反(地), otherwise否則；除此以外，not-but不是-而是，as well也等。技巧三：從細節邏輯上判斷-例證關系前后句的某句是為了證明另一句而舉的例子。例證的形式多樣，但就其本質而言無非是思維上的形象（例子、類比等）和抽象（觀點）的辯證關系，用到的思維過程無非就是基本的歸納（從例子到觀點）和推理（從觀點到例子）。技巧四：從細節邏輯上判斷-遞進關系遞進關系主要指英語行文中后句對前句是一種順承邏輯關系。如果空格前后兩句話之間是邏輯上的層進關系，則空格處很有可能是個遞進的句子。奇速英語名師總結了表示遞進關系的連詞有：also也, 而且, further另外(的)；, furthermore而且，此外, likewise同樣地，照樣地；也，又, similarly相似地，類似地, moreover而且再者，此外, in addition另外，加之, whats more更重要的是, too也，還, either也, neither兩者都不, not onlybut also不但而且等。技巧五：從細節邏輯上判斷-平列關系表示列舉關系的有：first首先, 第一, second第二, third第三; firstly第一, 首先, secondly第二(點)；其次, thirdly第三; first第一, next其次, then那么, 然后; in the first place第一，首先, in the second place第二, 其次; for one thing首先，一則, for another thing其次; to begin with首先，第一, to conclude首先，第一等考點：考查說明文閱讀【母題2】【云南省玉溪市一中學2016屆高三下學期第一次月考】A good laugh is like a mild workout. It exercises the muscles, gets the blood flowing, decreases blood pressure and improves sleep patterns and the immune system. 36 .Dont take life too seriously. We all have obstacles in life and we all make mistakes. 37 In fact, if you can laugh light-heartedly at your own fault, youll find that you give yourself that extra happiness and confidence increase that can get you over any obstacle.Find the humor in a bad situation. Sure , there are some situations where you are really sad. 38 The next time you feel the stress levels rising, take a minute to think about the funny side of the situation and laugh over the things you cannot control. This will lower your blood pressure, blood sugar levels and heart rate.Remind yourself of funny moments from the past. Perhaps a friend told you a great joke the other day or your children or pets did something amusing. 39 Sometimes just reliving a funny moment can cause the endorphins(內啡肽), natural painkillers, to kick in. 40 As the saying goes, laughter is contagious(會傳染的）. So make a point of seeking out positive people who arent afraid to laugh at themselves and are good at finding humor in lifes situations. Young children are especially skilled at finding laughter and joy in everyday moments.A. Take control over your emotions.B. There is no reason to blame yourself for it.C. However, most situations in life have funny sides.D. Surround yourself with fun people who like to laugh a lot.E. The following are some ways to enjoy more laughter and joy in your life.F.Studies show that people with pets have lower levels of depression and stress.G.Call on these memories frequently, especially when feeling sad, angry orstressed.【答案】36E37B38C39G40D37. B 根據前句We all have obstacles in life and we all make mistakes.在生活中我們都會遇見障礙也都會犯錯。犯錯是生活中很正常的一件事情，所以我們不要因此而責備自己。故B項“There is no reason