附 錄 The Development of the Conservation of Asphalt Pavement Asphalt pavement in the use of the process, constantly subject to the role of repeated traffic loads, climate impact and asphalt pavement materials, physical and chemical changes, over time, will have a pit, crack, swarming spore, subsidence, while eating, Ma surface , peeling and loose a variety of damage, if not repaired, the damage will be expanded rapidly and affect the normal passage of vehicles, and may lead to a greater degree of damage. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicle is dedicated to timely repair the damage part of the special vehicles. Shown as an ordinary car Asphalt Pavement Maintenance. 1 Classification and function According to the nature of road paving materials, road vehicles can be divided into a comprehensive conservation Asphalt Pavement Maintenance trucks and cement trucks Pavement Maintenance two categories, this book introduces the Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Truck. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles is divided into trailers by the way traffic and two types of self-propelled. Towed Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles are a variety of equipment and devices will be installed on the trailer chassis, the general use of self-powered engine output range of devices and equipment, from a car or tractor to the construction of sections of the conservation work carried out. Self-Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles are a variety of equipment and devices will be installed on the vehicle chassis or exclusive as the self-end, removed from the chassis host two types of motivation and self-engines. At present, the production of integrated conservation of the asphalt is the most self-propelled vehicles of. Based on the technical level of the road, the quality and quantity of the different selection of different types of Asphalt Pavement Maintenance vehicles. High-grade highway mileage in the asphalt pavement of more than 300km for the use of large-scale conservation of self-propelled vehicles； medium-sized self-propelled vehicle for the conservation of 200-300km of high-grade asphalt pavement minor repairs, maintenance； 200km below the asphalt pavement for the use of high-grade self-small conservation of vehicles. Daily Maintenance of Asphalt Pavement in general for the use of small self-propelled or towed vehicle conservation. Asphalt Pavement Maintenance for road vehicles in addition to day-to-day tasks of conservation, but also other facilities can be used for highway maintenance, traffic engineering facilities, such as spraying and cleaning, snow removal, cleaning the road surface, cut away weeds, spraying, planting and trimming trees. 2 multi-purpose road vehicles at home and abroad overview of conservation and development trends 2.1 Overview abroad Asphalt Pavement Maintenance Machinery abroad have been a hundred years the history of high-grade highway for minor repairs of the asphalt pavement of the integrated conservation of mechanical operations have 60-a 70-year history. Them according to the functions and operations can be divided into the following. (1)With infrared heating function Pavement Maintenance car models for the United States on behalf of Thermal Power Corporation (Thermal PowerCo.) King of the road. Its most prominent feature of the old material can be recycled in situ, thereby bring about considerable savings in asphalt mixture, in favor of environmental protection and conservation of energy. At the same time, as a result of mixture with the original road is a natural joints combination of old and new roads close, you can extend the life of the new road. The model applicable to shallow holes, cracks, cracks and other damage to the handling of the asphalt pavement. The vehicle is equipped with hot-mix boxes, asphalt tanks and sprinkler systems, and infrared propane gas heater, compaction tools, waste tanks. (2)Mixture with hot boxes and broken pavement compaction tool Pavement Maintenance car model is the United States on behalf of Akzo Nobel company TP4-based integrated conservation vehicles. The more the number of vehicles in foreign countries, usually with the following equipment: 7t heat insulation material boxes, spiral out of feeder, asphalt spraying device, and vibration-ho ram broken. The models applied to patch small pit operation. (3)Jet car repair on behalf of the conservation model is the official music of the high road repair company cars, the largest high-pressure injection is characterized by the adoption of the ways in which a different charge of the emulsified asphalt and aggregate to be mixed and sprayed into the pits to deal with in to achieve the purpose of maintenance and repair of the road the car can be opened to traffic immediately. The model applies to a smaller stream of pits of repair work. (4)Comprehensive conservation repair work on behalf of car models produced LeeBoy the United States 1200-S-type of asphalt pavement repair vehicle integrated. It has a miller, spraying asphalt, paving and other features, equipped with a milling machine, paving equipment, asphalt me, hydraulic sprinkler system and asphalt-ho. The model applies to a small area of repair operations. 2.2 Overview of domestic With highway construction in Chinas rapid development, in particular, the traffic mileage of highway continues to increase, the domestic machinery of the road more and more emphasis on conservation. The 20th century, some of the 80s started a lot of companies have developed products to market. On the integrated conservation of vehicles, the domestic current owners have developed the following types of conservation. (1)TP4-based Pavement Maintenance car full hydraulic control, with storage, crushing, compaction equipment and other road maintenance equipment Yung Road, Maung. It is the introduction of the United States in Xian building auromatically Akzo Nobel technology, enterprise development by the domestic products. (2)Regeneration asphalt mixture characterized by the conservation of cars expected to regeneration with the old, old asphalt can generally through the addition of some new materials and renewable sources of new agents is expected to achieve the old shop, with a broken, regeneration, compaction equipment and other attachments. However, this equipment can not be used for high-grade renewable materials for road maintenance, the use of occasions by a lot of restrictions. (3)Heating wall with regeneration in situ conservation of vehicles on the road to soften it, harrow, Tim the new material, first-class one-stop operating pressure, energy saving, environmental protection. Both drive electric drive, there are hydraulic driven. Because development time is too short, the reliability of the product there are still large deficiencies. In addition, because the device can only use the new asphalt mixture, there is also a conservation site is not expected to work without problems. 2.3 Asphalt Pavement Maintenance of our direction of development of car Conservation equipment available in the planned economy era developed. With highway construction in Chinas rapid development. Chinas existing mechanisms for road maintenance is no longer suited to this situation, the state departments are to develop new policy and regulatory road maintenance to adapt to this change, it is foreseeable that this policy applies to the new norms of conservation equipment market will be favored . 附 錄 瀝青路面的養護發展 瀝青路面在使用過程中，不斷承受行車載荷的反復作用、氣候的影響和瀝青路面材料的物理化學變化，隨著時間的推移，將產生坑槽、裂縫、涌包、沉陷、啃邊、麻面、脫皮和松散等各種損壞，如不及時修補，這些損壞將迅速擴大，影響車輛的正常通行，并可能造成更大程度的損害。瀝青路面綜合養護車就是專門用于及時修補路面損害部分的專用車輛。所示為普通瀝青路面綜合養護車。 1、 分類及功用 根據路面鋪筑材料的性質，路面綜合養護車可分為瀝青路面綜合養護 車和水泥路面綜合養護車兩類，本書主要介紹瀝青路面養護車。瀝青路面綜合養護車按行駛方式分為拖式和自行式兩類。 拖式瀝青路面綜合養護車是將各種設備和裝置安裝于拖掛底盤，一般用自備發動機輸出動力驅動各種裝置和機具，由汽車或拖拉機牽引到施工路段進行養護作業。 自行式瀝青路面綜合養護車是將各種設備和裝置安裝于汽車底盤或專用的自行式底般，分從底盤主機取出動力和自備發動機兩種。目前生產的瀝青綜合養護車大部分是自行式的。 依據公路技術等級、質量狀況和數量的不同，選用不同類型的瀝青路面綜合養護車。高等級瀝青路面公 路里程在 300km 以上的，適合使用自行式大型養護車；自行式中型養護車適用于 200 300km 的高等級瀝青路面小修、養護； 200km 以下的高等級瀝青路面適合使用自行式小型養護車。一般瀝青路面日常養護適合使用小型自行式或拖式養護車。 瀝青路面綜合養護車除用于路面日常養護任務外，也可用于公路其他設施的維護，如交通工程設施的噴涂和清洗、除雪、清掃路面、剪除雜草、噴灑藥劑，栽植和修整花草樹木等。 2、多功能路面養護車國內外概況及發展趨勢 2 1 國外概況 國外瀝青路面養護機械已有百年的歷史，用于高等級公路的 瀝青路面小修作業的綜合養護機械也有 60 一 70 年的歷史。它們按功能和作業方式可分為以下幾種 ： （ 1） 帶有紅外加熱功能的路面綜合養護車 代表機型為美國熱動力公司 (Thermal PowerCo )的修路王。其最大特點是可以對舊料進行就地再生利用，從而大大節省瀝青混合料，有利于環境保護和節約能源。同時，由于混合料與原有路面是自然接縫，新舊路面結合緊密，可以延長新路面的使用壽命。該機型適用于有淺層坑洼、裂縫、龜裂等損壞的瀝青路面的處理。車上配備有熱混合料箱、瀝青箱及噴灑系統、丙烷氣及紅外加熱器、壓實工具、廢料箱 等。 （ 2） 帶有熱混合料箱及路面破碎壓實工具