Unit 1 Lifestyles基礎知識默寫(學生用書241244頁)默寫(一)1.mattervi.要緊，有重大關系2.supposevt.認為，猜想3.boredadj.厭煩的，不感興趣的boringadj.沒趣的；令人厭倦的4.stressn.壓力stressfuladj.充滿壓力的，緊張的5.suffervi.遭受(痛苦)；感到疼痛sufferingn.痛苦，苦難6.organise/organizevt.組織organisation/organizationn.組織7.partner n.伙伴；合作者，搭檔8.peaceful adj.平靜的；和平的peacefullyadv.和平地9.relaxing adj.輕松的；令人放松的relaxedadj.放松的；自在的relaxvt.&vi.放松10.complain vi.抱怨；投訴complaintn.抱怨；投訴11.switch vt.轉換，轉變；打開(開關)12.remote adj.遙遠的13.alarm n.警報，警告器alarmedadj.害怕的14.urgent adj.急迫的，緊急的urgencyn.緊急；催促urgev.力勸；催促15.expert n.專家adj.熟練的；內行的16.pressure n.壓力pressn.新聞業，報界；出版社v.壓；按17.social adj.社交的；社會的societyn.社會；交際18.switch on/off/over把開關打開/把關掉/轉換頻道，轉變19.go off (鈴、爆竹等)響20.take up占據；開始從事21.be filled with充滿著22.suffer from忍受，遭受23.be fond of喜愛，喜歡24.I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我總是隨身攜帶我的手提電視，坐在石墻上看，小狗則在我身邊繞圈。25.I am always the first person to get to the office.我總是第一個到達辦公室的人。默寫(二)1.prefervt.更喜歡；寧愿preferencen.偏愛，傾向2.standvt.忍耐，忍受3.volunteern.志愿者v.自愿提供；自愿voluntaryadj.自愿的；志愿的4.graduaten.&vi.畢業生；畢業graduationn.畢業；畢業典禮5.supportvt.&n.支持；支撐6.distancen.距離distantadj.遙遠的7.reduce vt.減少；降低8.challenge n.&v.挑戰9.design n.&vt.設計designern.設計者10.advertisement n.廣告advertisev.(為)做廣告11.crowded adj.擁擠的crowdn.人群，一伙人v.擁擠，擠滿12.nearby adj.附近的adv.在附近13.otherwise adv.否則；另外14.forecast n.預報；預測15.classical adj.古典的16.formal adj.正式的，合禮儀的17.style n.風格，作風18.be free of免受；擺脫19.at the moment此刻，目前20.as a result結果21.come up with追上，趕上；想出，找到22.look forward to盼望，期望23.make a difference有影響；起作用24.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地鐵很擁擠，我很難找到座位。25.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我們和城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。基礎知識夯實.語境填詞1.Freddy did several jobs after his graduation(graduate) from high school.(2017全國)2.We are aiming to build a peaceful(peace) school.I think it is every students duty to work hard to achieve this goal.3.For many of them，its a way of meeting people and having a social(society) life.(2018全國)4.I live within walking distance(distant) of my office.I dont even need a bike.5.A great deal of money raised by the organisation(organise) has been donated to the school.6.The train was so crowded(crowd) that we had to stand.7.Its a science program on the origin of the universe.Ill give a presentation(present) on it in my class tomorrow.8.Many elderly people expressed a strong preference(prefer) to live in their own homes.9.I am writing to apply for being a volunteer(voluntary) of our school English association.(2018浙江)10.We all agree that it was a stressful(stress) time for all of us.11.Since his regular job was boring(bore)，I asked him why he just didnt do his sideline full-time.(2018浙江)12.In this box are some stem cells that are urgently(urgent) needed for a patient.13.He switched(轉換) from a back seat to a front one so that he could see clearly.14.She complained(抱怨) that no one had been at the airport to meet her.15.Without his support(支持)，we wouldnt be where we are now.(2018北京).選詞成篇I 1.am fond of music.When I 2. am free of homework，I prefer playing the guitar to playing the piano.3.Over the years，Ive improved it a lot.But whenever I 4. take up my piano，I always 5. look forward to your help.Could you 6. come up with some advice on how to improve my skills? Im sure it will 7. make a difference to me.go off，switch on，switch over，be filled with，suffer from，at the moment，be designed for，be bored withJamie is very busy 8.at the moment.In his opinion，our life 9.is filled with challenges and chances 10.are designed for those who work hard，so he would rather 11.suffer from being homesick.Every morning the moment his alarm clock 12.goes off，he gets up and starts to work hard.In his spare time，he either listens to soft music to relax himself or 13.switches on the TV to watch news.However，he seldom 14.switches over to watch TV series because he 15. is bored with them.完成句子1.While studying at university，he discovers the secret of how to create life.(while)還在上大學時，他就發現了怎樣創造生命的秘密。2.He is the first Chinese citizen to win this award.(the first.to do sth. )(2018全國)他是贏得此獎項的第一位中國公民。3.Who do you think is the best student in our class？(do you think)你認為誰是我們班最優秀的學生？4.As a consequence，children become so reliant/dependent on their parents that they have no independent thought or creative ideas.(so.that.)結果，孩子們變得如此依賴他們的父母，以至于他們沒有獨立的想法或創意。5.Our English teacher wore the same coat that he did yesterday.(the same.that.)我們的英語老師穿著昨天的那件外套。1.“增加”“減少”對對碰(1)增加：increase，accumulate，rise，go up (2)減少：decrease，decline，reduce，fall，drop，go down2.“支持，擁護”串串記(1)support vt.支持，擁護(2)advocate vt.提倡，擁護(3)back vt.支持(4)stand by/for支持(5)in favour of支持，贊同(6)stand by支持3.“事兒”多多(1)matter事件，問題(2)incident事件，事變(3)business事情(4)affair事務，私事(5)issue問題，事情(6)event事件，大事4.“盼望，期望”表達種種(1)look forward to盼望，期望(2)be eager for/to do渴望，期待(3)be dying for/to do渴望/盼望(做)(4)long for/to do渴望/盼望(做)(5)hope for/to do希望/期待(做)5.“getdone”短語大全(1)get changed換衣服(2)get dressed穿好衣服(3)get hurt受傷(4)get arrested被捕(5)get lost迷路6.“beadj.of”短語集錦(1)be fond of喜愛，喜歡(2)be tired of對厭倦(3)be afraid of害怕(4)be aware of意識到，知道(5)be proud of為而自豪mattervi.要緊；有重大關系n.情況；事態；問題(1)It doesnt matter.沒關系/不要緊。(2)as a matter of fact其實，事實上to make matters worse使情況更糟糕的是no matter疑問詞無論Whats the matter with.？怎么了/出了什么問題？(1)As a matter of fact(實際上)，I have never been there before.(2)No matter what you say(無論你說什么)，I wont believe you.(3)To make matters worse(更糟的是)，Moth was diagnosed with a serious disease.(2018江蘇)(4)同義句改寫It doesnt matter to me what you do or where you go.It doesnt make any difference to me/It makes no difference to me what you do or where you go.易錯點撥matter表示“麻煩，毛病”時，總是與定冠詞連用，其用法相當于形容詞wrong。思維發散表示“實際上；事實上”的詞匯還有：in fact，in actual fact，in reality，in nature，in practice，in effect，actually等。(1)suppose sb. (to be).以為某人(是)be supposed to應該；理應be supposed to have done.本該做(但實際上未做)(2)I suppose so(not).我想是這樣/不會的。(3)supposing conj.假如(1)同義句改寫I supposed him to be(be) about forty.I supposed that he was about forty.(2)I suppose that he is quite in spirits at your success，isnt he？(完成反意疑問句)(3)I was thrilled！I arrived early at Byron Bay where we were supposed to meet(應該見面).(2018全國)(4)Supposing/Suppose(that) it rains(要是下雨的話)，can we play the match indoors?易錯點撥(1)suppose和supposing一樣，可用作連詞，引導條件狀語從句。suppose后不跟不定式(此時可改為賓語從句)。(2)I suppose that.后的反意疑問句與從句保持一致。(1)complain to sb. of/about向某人抱怨/訴說(2)complaint n.抱怨，怨言；不滿，委屈make a complaint about投訴(1)She is always complaining about/of her job.(2)We received a lot of complaints from customers about the lack of parking facilities.(3)Instead of doing the task happily，he wandered around there for hours，complaining(complain) to himself and doing a bad job.(2018山東德州二模)(4)同義句改寫She complained that her work was too hard.(改為簡單句)She complained of/about her work being too hard.易錯點撥complain用作及物動詞時，只能接that從句，不接名詞或代詞。switchv.轉變；轉換n.開關；轉換switch off 關上(電燈、電視等)；斷掉(電源)switch on打開；開始運行switch over轉變；轉換；換臺switch to切換到；轉到(1)Switch over if you dont like the programme.(2)When I switched on the light，I found the room robbed.(3)Being bored of the present job，he wants to make a switch.(4)I parked the car and switched off the engine.(5)Then I became aware of an SUV coming up directly behind us at speed.At the last moment，it switched to the right-hand lane.(2018學海大聯考高三模擬)(1)be/get bored with對厭煩(2)bore v.使厭煩；n.令人討厭的人/事bore sb. with用使某人厭煩(3)boring adj.無聊的；令人厭煩的(1)Are you a bit bored with your nine-to-five routine？(2018安徽六安一中模擬)(2)However，some of the students soon began to get boring(bore) and dropped out of the club.(3)Jack was bored with/was tired of/was fed up with/was sick of(厭倦了) listening to the same music.句式升級(4)He was bored with that boring speech and left the lecture hall.(用形容詞短語作狀語改寫)Bored with that boring speech，he left the lecture hall.(1)suffer from遭受折磨；患病(2)suffering n.受苦，遭難；苦楚，苦難sufferer n.受害者；患者(1)用suffer，suffer from的正確形式填空It is likely that you could suffer from bad health if you keep smoking.Drought continues to annoy many parts of China，with tens of thousands suffering water shortages and millions of others affected.句式升級(2)After they had suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.(用現在分詞短語作狀語改寫)Having suffered such a heavy loss in the earthquake，they got help from all over the world.易錯點撥(1)suffer和suffer from一般不用于被動語態。(2)suffer作及物動詞，意思同experience(體驗；經歷)，其后可跟pain，hardship等詞作賓語；suffer用作不及物動詞時，常與from連用，意為“受之苦，患病”。(1)reduce (.) by.減少了reduce (from.) to.(從)減少到(2)sb. be reduced to (doing).某人淪為；某人陷入狀態(3)reduction n.減少；降低(1)According to researchers，these young adults reported a notable increase in happiness and a significant reduction(reduce) in stress.(2018湖南岳陽模擬)(2)If you buy more than ten books，they will reduce the price by 10 percent.(3)He offered the painting to me at a reduced(reduce) price.(4)Eventually he was reduced to begging(淪為乞討) on the streets.dietn.飲食；日常食物；節食vt.按規定進行飲食；節食be on a diet在進行規定飲食，在節食go on a diet節食，控制飲食a healthy/balanced diet健康/均衡的飲食put sb. on a diet使某人節食(1)You need to do some exercise and keep a balanced diet(保持均衡的飲食).(2)The doctor advised him to go on a diet(節食) to lose weight.(3)同義句改寫No sugar in my coffee，please；I am dieting.No sugar in my coffee，please；I am on a diet.(1)prefer doing/to do.更喜歡做prefer sb. to do.更喜歡讓某人做prefer (doing) sth. to (doing) sth. 與(做)相比更喜歡(做)prefer to do.rather than do.寧可做也不做(2)preference n.偏愛；優先權；偏愛的事物have a preference for.偏愛(1)Rather than talk(talk) with his mother，he prefers to be(be) always on the phone，sleep，stay in his room or go out with his friends.(2)Unlike fast-food places，fine dining shops prefer customers to stay(stay) longer and spend.(2018江蘇)(3)A teacher should not have a preference for any one of his pupils.(4)一句多譯她寧愿跟我們一起去也不愿留下來。She preferred going with us to staying behind.(prefer.to.)She preferred to go with us rather than stay behind.(prefer.rather than.)She would rather go with us than stay behind.(would rather.than.)She would go with us rather than stay behind.(would.rather than.)standv.忍耐，忍受；站立；位于(某處)；經受n.態度，立場；貨攤(1)stand doing/to do.容忍做(2)stand for代表；象征；支持；主張；(用于否定句)容忍stand by站在旁邊；袖手旁觀；支持stand out突出stand up站立；站起來(1)The letters PLA stand for the Chinese Peoples Liberation Army.(2)How can you stand by and see such cruelty?(3)Her blue hair made her stand out in the crowd.(4)I cant stand working/to work(work) with Jane in the same office.She just refuses to stop talking while she works.熟詞生義選擇句子中stand的漢語意思(5)Shes not intending to stand at the next election. A A.競選；參選B.豎起放置C.承擔責任challengen.挑戰；難題；質疑vt.挑戰；懷疑(1)meet/face/issue a challenge應對/面臨/發起挑戰(2)challenge sb. to (do) sth. 向某人挑戰(做)某事(3)challenging adj.有挑戰性的；有吸引力的challenged adj.受到挑戰的(1)I quickly lower myself，ducking my head to avoid looking directly into his eyes so he doesnt feel challenged(challenge).(2018全國)(2)Its more likely that none of us start a conversation because its awkward and challenging(challenge).(2018全國)(3)I challenged him to a game of tennis.熟詞生義選擇句子中challenge的漢語意思(4)I did not think he was right，so I challenged him. A A.質疑B.駁斥C.挑戰supportv.支持；贊成；擁護；支撐；供養n.贊成；支持；擁護(1)support oneself自食其力support sb. in (doing) sth. 支持某人(做)某事(2)in support of支持；證明(3)supporter n.支持者；擁護者supportive adj.同情的；支持的；支援的(1)He is always supportive(support).Whenever she is in trouble，he is there for her.(2017天津)(2)Shes been supporting herself(自食其力) since she was 18 years old.(3)Only a few people spoke in support of(支持) the proposal.熟詞生義選擇句子中support的漢語意思(4)Can you give some examples to support your argument？ C A.支持B.供養C.證實designn.設計；圖案；構思；打算；意圖v.設計；構思；計劃；制訂(1)by designon purpose故意地(2)be designed as/for/to do(為某種特定目的)計劃；設計(1)Do you think the building was burnt down by accident or by design？你認為這棟大樓被燒毀是意外事故，還是有人蓄意為之？(2)This course is designed as an introduction to the subject.這門課程是作為該科目的入門課而開設的。(3)The route was designed to relieve the heavy traffic. 這條路線是為了緩解繁忙的交通而設計的。句式升級(4)This building is designed for weddings and other celebrations and its beautiful.(用過去分詞短語作定語改寫)This building designed for weddings and other celebrations is beautiful.(1)solve a problem解決問題(2)solution n.解答；解決方法；謎底；溶液a solution to.的解決方案(1)The professor suggested the problem referred to (should) be solved(solve) at once.(2)Here is the perfect solution to all your difficult problems.句式升級(3)After the problem was solved，the student went home happily.(用with復合結構改寫)With the problem solved，the student went home happily.熟詞生義選擇句子中solution的漢語意思(4)Prepare a weak sugar solution. B A.解決B.溶液C.答案otherwiseconj.否則；不然adv.用別的方法；其他方面(1)We didnt know his telephone number；otherwise we would have telephoned(telephone) him.(2)He is old and sick；otherwise he would be working(work) right now.(3)Up to now，the program has saved thousands of children who would otherwise have died(die).易錯點撥otherwise用作連詞時，可表示隱含的條件，可用于虛擬語氣。go ahead前進；干吧；說吧go up上漲；上升；攀登；增加go against違反；違背；(決定、判決等)對不利go by流逝；根據決定go over檢查，審查；復習，重溫go without沒有也行；沒有而勉強應付go after追求；謀求；追趕；設法獲得根據句意用go短語的正確形式填空(1)The fire alarm went off；I just grabbed my clothes and ran out.(2)As time went by，they realized the importance of health.(3)Though things went against Mary，she went on trying.(4)She left home in tears so I went after her.(5)Shall I open the window to let in some fresh air?Sure，go ahead.Its really hot here.take in收留；吸收；欺騙；領會take on雇用；呈現；承擔take over接任；接替take off脫掉；起飛；成功take down寫下；拆除寫出下列句子中take up的漢語意思(1)Peter will take up his post as the head of the travel agency at the end of next month. 開始從事(2)This chapter takes up where the last one left off.繼續(3)We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all taken up.占據(4)Are you going to take up the challenge of lasting a whole week without arguing？接受(1)fill in/out填寫fill.with.用填fill up填滿(2)be full of裝滿to the full充分地in full完全地；完整地(1)For many，finding an unattended wallet filled(fill) with 400 in cash would be a source of temptation.(2018北京)(2)He went home，filled with/full of happiness(滿是幸福).(3)Those who apply for the position are expected to fill in/out(填寫) the application form.(4)He enjoyed life to the full(盡情地).(1)for a moment一會兒in a moment馬上，立刻for the moment暫時；目前at any moment隨時(2)the moment一就(連詞，引導時間狀語從句)(1)I want to see Mr White.We have an appointment.Im sorry，but he is not available at/for the moment，for the meeting hasnt ended.(2017天津)我想見懷特先生。我們已經約好了。很抱歉，但是此刻他沒空，因為會議還沒有結束。(2)The minute/The moment/The instant/As soon as I got home，I found I had left my jacket on the playground.一回到家，我就發現我把夾克落在操場上了。I always take my portable TV and I sit on the stone wall while the dog walks round in a circle.我總是隨身攜帶我的手提電視，坐在石墻上看，小狗則在我身邊繞圈。while用法較多，既可用作連詞，也可用作名詞。(1)表示“在期間；當時候”，指一段時間，引導時間狀語從句；(2)表示“只要”，引導條件狀語從句；(3)表示“雖然，盡管”，引導讓步狀語從句；(4)表示“而，卻”，是并列連詞，構成并列句；(5)用作名詞，表示“一會兒；一段時間”，如after a while過了一會兒；once in a while偶爾，間或。寫出下列句子中while的漢語意思(1)While I always felt I would pass the exam，I never thought I would get an A.雖然；盡管(2)I wonder how much you charge for your services.The first two are free while the third costs 30.而，卻(3)He fell asleep while he was doing his homework.當的時候(4)While theres life theres hope.只要句式升級(5)I like playing football.He likes playing basketball.(改為并列句)I like playing football while he likes playing basketball.(6)Be careful while you are crossing the road.(改為省略句)Be careful while crossing the road.Usually，its so crowded that I cant find anywhere to sit.通常，地鐵很擁擠，我很難找到座位。so/such.that.引導結果狀語從句，意為“如此以至于”。(1)so.that.句型的常見形式：(2)such.that.句型的常見形式：(3)當so/such.that.中的so/such.放在句首時，主句要用部分倒裝語序。(1)He had so many falls that he was black and blue all over.他摔了很多跤，以至于全身上下青一塊、紫一塊的。一句多譯(2)他是如此聰明的一個男孩以至于我們都喜歡他。He is so clever a boy that we all like him.(so.that.)He is such a clever boy that we all like him.(such.that.)同義句改寫(3)He has such an interesting book that we all want to read it.(改為倒裝句)Such an interesting book doeshehavethat we all want to read it.We dont have the same work hours that office workers in the city have.我們和城市里在辦公室工作的人的上班時間不同。(1)the same (.) that意為“和一樣”，定語從句中that所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一個。(2)the same (.) as.意為“和一樣，和相似”，定語從句中as所指代的人或物與先行詞是同一類。(1)This is the same iPhone 8 that I bought the other day.這是我前幾天買的那部蘋果8手機。(同一個)(2)She has the same fair hair and blue eyes as her mother has.她和她母親一樣有著金黃色的頭發和藍色的眼睛。(同一類).單句語法填空1.Pleasure reading levels for younger children remain largely the same，but the amount of time spent(spend) in reading each session has declined.(2018全國)2.As for crowds(crowd)，a Hong Kong study found that they increased a restaurants reputation，suggesting great food at fair prices.(2018江蘇)3.Shes a great fan of classical(classic) music.Ill give her a ring after lunch.4.Some social apps were popular among the children even though they supposedly(suppose) require users to be at least 13.(2018江蘇)5.Interruptions are one of the worst things to deal with while youre trying to get work done.(2017全國)6.They pump out perfumes designed(design) to attract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers.(2017全國