新概念英語第二冊期末話題作文添加文檔副標題匯報人：常考類型Whatisyouridealhouse?直接問觀點類Whatdoyouthinkisthefunctionofart?Areyouenthusiasticaboutthepursuitofknowledge?WhyorWhynot?觀點選擇類Doyoulikehorrorstories?Whyorwhynot?話題作文（大作文）常考形式Whydoyouthinksomepeoplechoosetoworkfromhome?現象分析類Whydidyoudecidetohavehighereducation?Howcanuniversitiesimproveeducationquality?措施/建議類Howcanweimproveourdrivinghabitsforthesakeofsafety?話題作文（大作文）2.如何構思內容？一般來說，對于所給主題，要么回答是好的，要么是壞的；構思內容的時候就往好處或者壞處的角度構思。1.想好處的思路：（1）“以人為本”--身體、精神對身體：身體強健；塑身養型；感官靈敏；四肢發達等。對精神：視野擴寬；提高意識；豐富內心世界；生活充實；身心愉悅；內心平靜；增進感情；各種能力培養；增強自豪感、自信心、榮譽感等。（2）“服務社會”--保護環境；節約資源；豐富生活；社會和諧；促進進步等。話題作文（大作文）2.想壞處的思路：（1）“以人為本”--身體、精神對身體：抵抗力下降，生（疾）病等。對精神：性格孤僻；失去自豪感、自信心……；內心空虛；玩物喪志等。（2）“社會”：環境--破壞、污染；公共安全--危險、不和諧；經濟--衰退、貧窮回答為什么，要學會找客觀事物的特點來做原因，或者大眾所認知的常識和觀點。一般來說，對于所給主題，詢問看法時，要么回答是好的，要么是壞的；構思內容的時候就往好處或者壞處的角度構思。2.如何構思內容？話題作文（大作文）寫作專題（2）：大作文--內容如何構思（2）→八字方針“以人為本，服務社會”如何審題→題干核心名詞結構模板→觀點選擇類如何搭建段落→主題句+支撐句+細節句+總結句課前回顧12.如何開展一個段落一般的段落結構（1）TopicSentence（主題句）（2）SupportingSentence（支撐句）（3）DetailSentence（細節補充句）（4）ConcludingSentence（總結句）OneEnglishparagraphusuallyincludesthefollowingfourparts:話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落段落主題句（topicsentence）的特點Atthebeginningoftheparagraph.（段落第一句）presentingthemainideaoftheparagraph.（表明段落的中心思想）Astatementthatcanbeargued–notsimplyafact.

（不能是一個無法反駁的事實）Itshouldnotbeaspecificdescription.

（描寫細節的句子不能作主題句）

Relatedtothethesisstatement.（與主旨句對應）

話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落判斷以下句子能不能成為段落主題句1.Hesenthiswifeadiamondringonherbirthday.2.Theymovedtoanewapartmentlastmonth.3.Todaymoreandmorewomenaregoingouttowork.4.Heencounteredanoldfriendyesterday.話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落判斷以下句子能不能成為段落主題句1.Hesenthiswifeadiamondringonherbirthday.2.Theymovedtoanewapartmentlastmonth.3.Todaymoreandmorewomenaregoingouttowork.4.Heencounteredanoldfriendyesterday.(X)(X)(X)(X)話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落①Guilinisanamazingplacetovisit.②First,itisaplaceknownforitsscenicbeauty.③Yougottoseethemountainsshapinglikecamel’shump.④WalkingaroundtheLiRiverwillbringyoutheuniquebeautyofthehillandwater.⑤Also,Guilinoffersarangeofadventureactivitiesforthevisitors.⑥Youcangohang-gliding,dobungyjumpsortakeaboatingtripandotheractivitiesforthevisitors.⑦Inaddition,yougettovisitexoticplaceswithinthecity.⑧Youcanexplorethecaveswherelotsofstalactitegrowortakephotosinthosefolkstreetswithlocalpeople.⑨ThesefeaturesmakeGuilinatrulyamazingplacewellworthavisit段落結構話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落①Guilinisanamazingplacetovisit.②First,itisaplaceknownforitsscenicbeauty.③Yougottoseethemountainsshapinglikecamel’shump.④WalkingaroundtheLiRiverwillbringyoutheuniquebeautyofthehillandwater.⑤Also,Guilinoffersarangeofadventureactivitiesforthevisitors.⑥Youcangohang-gliding,dobungyjumpsortakeaboatingtripandotheractivitiesforthevisitors.⑦Inaddition,yougettovisitexoticplaceswithinthecity.⑧Youcanexplorethecaveswherelotsofstalactitegrowortakephotosinthosefolkstreetswithlocalpeople.⑨ThesefeaturesmakeGuilinatrulyamazingplacewellworthavisit主題句：地基支撐句：鋼筋細節句：水泥總結句：房頂段落結構話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落Foranotherthing,cyber-datingisprettysafe.Firstly,thedatingwebsiteshaveastrictentrycondition.Ifyouwanttobecomeauserofadatingwebsite,youmustsubmityourpersonalinformationandensureitistrueandeffective.

Basedonthat,thewebsitewillmakeasurveyonyoursocialbackground,creditassessment,yourfinancialsituationandsoon.

Iftheyfindsomefalseinformation,youwillnotbeallowedtousethewebsite.

Secondly,thewebsiteusershaveenoughtimetodistinguishwhetherthepersontheyarechattingistrustworthyornot.

Iftheynoticesomepeoplewhohavesomeevilmotivesonthewebsite,theycanreporttothestaffatonce.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落【主題句】Foranotherthing,cyber-datingisprettysafe.【支撐句1】Firstly,thedatingwebsiteshaveastrictentrycondition.【細節句】Ifyouwanttobecomeauserofadatingwebsite,youmustsubmityourpersonalinformationandensureitistrueandeffective.【細節句】Basedonthat,thewebsitewillmakeasurveyonyoursocialbackground,creditassessment,yourfinancialsituationandsoon.【細節句】Iftheyfindsomefalseinformation,youwillnotbeallowedtousethewebsite.【支撐句2】Secondly,thewebsiteusershaveenoughtimetodistinguishwhetherthepersontheyarechattingistrustworthyornot.

【細節句】

Iftheynoticesomepeoplewhohavesomeevilmotivesonthewebsite,theycanreporttothestaffatonce.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落Solotripscanhelptodevelopnewrelationships.Foronething,thesolotravelerscanmeetnewcompanionswithcommoninterests.Whentheyareintrouble,theymayaskforhelpfromotherstrangetravelers,afterthat,thetravelersmayfindthelocalspecialfoodorfamoussightstogetheralongwiththenewpartners.Foranotherthing,

thesolotravelershaveanopportunitytomakefriendsordobusinesswiththosepeopletheymeetbychancebutsharethesimilarvalue.

Thetravelersmaychatwiththepassengersonatrainwhoworkindifferentindustries,suchasteachers,students,bankersevenworkers.Theymaydiscussthepolitics,theidols,economyandsoonandafterthiswonderfulconversation,theymaygivecontactinformationtoeachother.舉例說明話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落舉例說明【主題句】Parentsareusuallyeagertopassontheirvaluestotheirchildren.Butshouldchildrenalwaysbelievewhattheirparentsdo?【支撐句1】Maybedifferentgenerationsneeddifferentwaysofthinking.【細節句】Whenchildrenareyoung,theybelievethattheirparentsarealwaysright.【細節句】Butwhentheygetolder,theyrealizethereareotherviews.【支撐句2】Sometimesparents,especiallyolderones,cannotkeepupwithrapidsocialortechnologicalchanges.【細節句】Astudentwhohasfriendsofalldifferentracesandbackgroundsatschoolmayfindthathisorherparentsdonotreallyunderstandorvaluethedigitalrevolution.【細節句】Sometimeskidshavetofindtheirownwaystowhattheybelievein.話題作文（大作文）12.如何開展一個段落舉例說明However,thereareargumentsinfavorofchangingjobsfrequently.【支撐句1】Oneisthataworkerimproveshisemployability.Workinginseveraldifferentjobsoftenmeansthattheindividualhasmoreskills.Suchpeopleareseenasmoredynamicandversatile.【支撐句2】Anotherbenefitofchangingjobfrequentlyisthatonenevergetsstuckinarut.Frommyownexperience,IgotboredwhenIspenttoolonginajob.Followingthis,thequalityofmyworkwouldsuffer.

【支撐句3】Ialsobelievethatemployersgenerallydon’ttendtogreatlyrewardloyaltyorcommitment.Increasedwagesandpromotionareofteneasiertoattainbychangingjobs.生詞：frequentlyemployability就業能力dynamic有活力的versatile多才多藝的rut凹槽commitment貢獻promotion升職話題作文（大作文）試一試？【例】In1863theFootballAssociationwasestablishedinEngland,andtherulesofthegamehaveremainedessentiallythesameeversince.Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.ThepoweroftheBritishEmpiremeantthatitbecameplayedineverycorneroftheworld.翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】In1863theFootballAssociationwasestablishedinEngland,andtherulesofthegamehaveremainedessentiallythesameeversince.Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.ThepoweroftheBritishEmpiremeantthatitbecameplayedineverycorneroftheworld.【基礎翻譯】他們相對的簡潔性以及對設備的接近零需求確保了它變得非常流行。【進階翻譯】足球運動（規則）相對簡單易行，而且不需要多少設施，因而這項運動迅速風靡英倫。翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】Onesourceofangerisfailedattemptstochangeinthepast.Peoplebecomesofrustratedbyearliereffortsthattheycanactuallybecomemadwhenyoupointtoanimportantnewissue.翻譯要點·英譯漢試一試？【例】Onesourceofangerisfailedattemptstochangeinthepast.Peoplebecomesofrustratedbyearliereffortsthattheycanactuallybecomemadwhenyoupointtoanimportantnewissue.【基礎翻譯】人們因先前的努力變得如此沮喪以至于當你指出另一個新的重要的問題時，他們會瘋掉的。【進階翻譯】先前的努力白費了，人們沮喪不已，倘若你又提出新的重要問題，他們可能會發瘋。翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結下：你覺得英譯漢的難點是什么？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結下：你覺得英譯漢的難點是什么？現階段如何克服？單詞不認識？認識單詞，可看不懂句子？不說人話？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結下：句子翻譯考查什么？翻譯要點·英譯漢我們來總結下：句子翻譯考查什么？詞匯、短語句子結構（語法）翻譯技巧實操很重要！實操很重要！實操很重要！翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟1.通讀句子，結構分析2.句子拆分或斷句3.分塊翻譯4.整合譯文5.重讀，檢查校對【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結構分析（1）簡單句：只包含一個主謂結構句子叫簡單句；【例】Sheisfondofcollectingstamps.她熱衷于收集郵票。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結構分析（2）并列句：包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結構的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接；

【例】Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.

食物很好吃，但他沒什么胃口。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結構分析（3）復合句：包含一個主句和一個或幾個從句的句子叫復合句，從句由從屬連詞引導。【例】Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.當我們到達電影院的時候，電影已經開始了。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對1.通讀句子，結構分析目的：可以初步判斷需要翻譯的句子是簡單句還是復雜句：

簡單句：基本上進行斷句再翻譯即可，注意詞語的處理；

復雜句：需進一步分析主從句，找出連接詞及主從之間的邏輯關系等。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：拆分原則：主從拆開，把句子的主干和修飾成分拆開，斷句用“/”表示；【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,andneedforlittleequipmentensuredthatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：拆分點：引導詞/連接詞、并列連詞（除非連接的是兩個單詞則不需要拆開）、標點符號、介詞處（固定搭配不拆分）、非謂語、主語很長時（拆到謂語動詞之前）；【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句拆分要點：例外：拆分后，內容很短或意思很簡單，就不拆分。【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對2.句子拆分或斷句目的：可以快速找出句子核心部分，掌握大意：

技巧：如果讀起來不通順的時候，我們便可以重新斷句翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟2.句子拆分或斷句（補充了解）翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對3.分塊翻譯拆分斷句之后，以意群或者句段（不是指段落）為單位，進行詞義推敲，譯文分塊翻譯處理。【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.【析】Theirrelativesimplicity他們的相對簡潔性

andneedforlittleequipment以及對設備的接近零需求

ensured

確保了

thatitbecameverypopular

它變得非常流行翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對4.整合譯文分塊翻譯之后，意群或句段的基本意思出來了，整合譯文，得到初步的譯文。【例】Theirrelativesimplicity,/and/

needforlittleequipment/ensured/

thatitbecameverypopular.【析】Theirrelativesimplicity他們的相對簡潔性

andneedforlittleequipment以及對設備的接近零需求

ensured

確保了

thatitbecameverypopular

它變得非常流行初步譯文：他們相對的簡潔性以及對設備的接近零需求確保了它變得非常流行。翻譯要點·英譯漢翻譯的基本步驟通讀句子，結構分析句子拆分或斷句分塊翻譯整合譯文重讀，檢查校對5.重讀，檢查校