第第頁四川省綿陽南山名校2022-2023學年高二下學期英語期末熱身考試一、閱讀理解，閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。(共15小題；每小題2分，共30分)閱讀理解Family-FriendlyEventsinJanuaryZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19ThePhoenixZoo'syearlyholidaylightshowisonuntilJan.19,allowingfamiliesoneormoreopportunitiestoenjoythecity'szoo,withmillionsoflightsgivinganaddeddimensiontothefestivities.GlowWild,455N.GalvinPkwy.,Phoenix,phoenixzoo.org,$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18TheDowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsfeaturestheworkofestablishedandemergingartists,includingthosewhocreatewoodwork,metalcrafts,fooditems,art,photographyandgifts.OnMacdonald,offofMainStreetinDowntownMesa,dtmesafest.com,freeadmission.FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.Thisfreeeventfeatureseverythingfrombouncehousestorides,games,snowflakecraftsandfacepaintingtogowithvariousstandssetupbylocalsellers,withfoodandotherofferingsforsaleattheevent.9500E.ViadeVentura,Scottsdale,odyseainthedesert.com,free.YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7MesaArtsCenterishostinganeight-weekyouthartscourseonSaturdaystoteachartisticskillsandknowledgethroughfunandchallengingartclassesinawidevarietyofartmaterials,includingpainting,drawing,mixedmediaandsculpture,ensuringmentallystimulatingsessionsforall.MesaArtCenter,1E.MainSt,Mesa,mesaartscenter.com,$93.1．HowcanyougetadiscountedtickettotheZooLightsshow?A．Bringafriend. B．Joinatourgroup.C．Getamembership. D．Bookaticketonline.2．WhatcanyoudoatFamilyFunWinterfest?A．Havefreefood. B．Takeartclasses.C．Meetlocalartists. D．Enjoyrealsnow.3．Whicheventlaststhelongest?A．ZooLights:GlowWild.B．YouthFineArtsCourses.C．DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArts.D．FamilyFunWinterfest.閱讀理解AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace.Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.Theresheorganizedhomeworkclubsandactivitiesforchildren.Toumiwitnessedfirst-handthedestructiveeffectofdesertification(沙漠化)."Within10yearsrichfarmersbecameworseoff,andin10yearsfromnowtheywillbepoor.IwantedtostoptheSaharaDesertinitstracks."Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction."Iwanttoshowyoungpeopleinruralareasthattheycancreateopportunitieswheretheyare.Nobodyisbetterabletounderstandtheimpactofdesertificationandclimatechangethansomebodywhoislivingwithnoaccesstowater."BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.4．HowdidToumi'sholidaytripstoTunisiainfluenceher?A．Theymadeherdecidetoleavethecountry.B．Theyhelpedherbetterunderstandherfather.C．Theydestroyedherdreamofbeingateacher.D．Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.5．WhatisthemaincauseofthedesertificationofTunisia'sfarmland?A．Coldweather. B．Soilpollution.C．Lowrainfall. D．Forestdamage.6．WhydidToumisetupAcaciasforAllinTunisia?A．Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.B．Tohelpthechildrenobtainabasiceducation.C．Topersuadethefarmersnottousefertilizers.D．Tocreatejobopportunitiesforyoungpeople.7．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A．SavingWaterinTunisiaB．PlantingTreesofNativeSpeciesC．FightingPovertyinNorthAfricaD．HoldingbacktheSahara閱讀理解In1879,an8-year-oldgirlmadeadiscoverythatwouldrockourunderstandingofhumanhistory.OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans'supposedlyprimitiveancestors.Today,nearly400cavesacrossEuropehavebeenfounddecoratedwithhandstencils(模板),strangesymbolsandbeautifulimagesofanimalscreatedbytheseskillfulartists.Thediscoveriesledtotheviewthatartistictalentaroseaftermodernhumansarrivedintheregionsome40,000yearsago,aspartofa"culturalexplosion"reflectingafloweringofthehumanmind.Butmorerecentevidencehasblownthisideaoutofthewater.Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What'smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.LocalpeoplehavelongknownthatthecavesoftheislandofSulawesi,Indonesia,containmanypaintedimages.Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.AteamofresearchersledbyMaximeAubert,nowatGriffithUniversityinAustralia,upendedthisideausingatechniquethatisshiftingourunderstandingofcaveart.Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknownhandstencilatthattime.ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork."Whenwefoundthatimage,wewereabsolutelydelighted,butwhenitturnedouttobethatold,wewerealmostjumpingwithjoy,"saysAdamBrumm,alsoatGriffithUniversity.8．Whatdidthegirlfindinthecave?A．Wildanimals. B．Paintingtechniques.C．Ancientimages. D．Recordingartists.9．Whatwasamisunderstandingremovedbyrecentevidenceaboutthecaveart?A．ModernhumansledtoitsriseinIndonesia.B．ItcanbetracedbacktoEurope.C．Itreflectedthefloweringofhumanminds.D．Modernhumansmightnothavebeenrealartists.10．Whatdoestheunderlinedword"upended"meaninparagraph3?A．Proved. B．Strengthened.C．Overemphasized. D．Overturned.11．Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkabout?A．Theresearchers'expectations.B．Theamazingdiscoveries.C．Thebenefitsofthetechnique.D．Thedescriptionofthecaveart.閱讀理解Humanbeingsarenotaloneinhavinginventedvaccination(疫苗),whilebeeshavedonethatearlierandtheycanexperiencewhatlooklikehumanbeings'vaccinationprograms,whichhasbeenconfirmedbyGyanHarwoodoftheUniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign.Queenbeesvaccinatetheireggsbeforetheyarelaid.Butthequestionishowthequeenbeereceivesherantigen(抗原)supply,forshelivespurelyonroyaljelly,asubstanceproducedbynursebeeswhentheyarefeedingtheyoung.Dr.Harwoodwonderedifthenursebeescombinedtheroyaljellytheyproducedwithpiecesfrompathogens(病原體)theyhadconsumedwhileeatingsomethingbroughtinfromoutside.Totestthisidea,theycollectedabout150nursebeesanddividedthemintosixqueenlessminihivesequippedwiththeyoungtolookafter.Theyfedthenursebeesonsugarwater,andforthreeofthehivestheyaddedPaenibacilluslarvae(類芽孢桿菌幼體),abacteriumcausingadisease,tosugarwater.Dr.HarwoodandDr.Salmelalabeledthebacteriawithacertaindyetomakethemeasytotrack.And,sureenough,themicroscopeconfirmedthatPaenibacilluslarvaeweregettingintoroyaljellyproducedbythosebeeswhichhadbeenfedwiththesugarwater.Moreover,theexaminationofthisroyaljellyrevealedhigherlevelsofdefensivesubstance,comparedwithroyaljellyfrombeesthathadnotbeenmixedwithPaenibacilluslarvae.Thissubstanceisthoughttohelpbees'immunesystemsfightagainstbacterialinfections.Thesefindingssuggestthatnursebeesareindeed,viatheirroyaljelly,passingantigensontothequeen,thenintoeggs.Theyalsomean,becausetheyoungreceiveroyaljellyforthefirstfewdaysaftertheyhatch,thenursebeesaregivingtheyoungthesecondantigens.Eachyoungbeeisthereforebeingvaccinatedtwice.12．WhatpuzzledDr.Harwoodaccordingtoparagraph2?A．Thetimewhenhoneybeesrunvaccination.B．Themattersthattheroyaljellyconsistsof.C．Thewaytheantigenscomeintothequeenbees'bodies.D．Theplacewherenursebeesreceivepathogens.13．HowdidDr.Harwoodconducthisexperiment?A．Byobservingnursebees'behavior.B．Bydividingbeesintodifferentroles.C．Bychangingthecomponentsofroyaljelly.D．Bykeepingtrackofthespecialbacterium.14．Whatcanweinferaccordingtotheresultsoftheexperiment?A．Nursebeesarethekeytovaccinationforthebeegroup.B．Nursebeesonlypasstheantigenontothequeen.C．Bacteria-usedroyaljellyhasfewerdefensesubstances.D．Twovaccinationsaregiventoyoungbeesbycaregiversdirectly.15．Whereisthetextprobablytakenfrom?A．Ascientificjournal. B．Asocialwebsite.C．Anofficialdocument. D．Apetguide.二、七選五(共5小題；每小題2分，共10分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Throwingapartyisagreatwaytogetallyourfavoritepeopleinoneplaceformusic,conversation,ofcourse,food.16．,whenyouaretheoneplanningtheparty.Nottoworry;yourplanningwillbeabreezeifyouplanaheadoftimeandtaketheprocesscoursebycourse,fromappetizers(開胃菜)todesserts.Askyourguestsaboutfoodrestrictionsbeforeyoustartpreparingfood.Forguestswithfoodallergiesorondiets,askthemtomaketheirownrestrictionsclear.Andaskifanyguestsarevegetariansandprovidedishesaccordingly.17．.Chooseanappetizer-onlymealforarelaxinginexpensiveparty.You'llsavemoneyandpreparationtime,andbeabletosocializemorewithyourguests.18．,soguestsaren'tthrownoffwhennomaincourseisserved.You'llwanttoofferyourguestssomevarietyoftasteinyourappetizersforamoresatisfyingmeal.19．.Ifyourappetizersarejustthestartofamoreformalmealwithamaincourse,youkeepitabitsimpler.Planjustafewhandfulofchipsandacoupleofcookiesforyoureachguest,ifyou'reservingamaincourseafterwards.Preparefruitsandvegetables.Manyguestswillwantafresh,healthyoptiontostartoffameal.Afruittrayorveggieplatterwithcarrots,cucumbers,andbroccoliisaneasyandcolorfuladditiontoyourappetizer.20．.Besides,you'dbetterofferquicksnackslikenuts,orchips.A.Servelight,simplesnacksbeforeamaincourseB.ServeasubstantialmaincourseifnecessaryC.It'sagoodideatohaveafewvegetarianoptionsavailableregardlessD.SoyoushouldmakethoughtfulpreparationsforeachofyourguestsE.ButitcanbestressfultopreparefoodforguestswithalldifferentpreferencesF.LookforripefruitsandfreshvegetablesthatareinseasonforthebesttastingingredientsG.Youshoulddetailitontheinvitationthatonlyappetizerswillbeserved三、完形填空(共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。WhenIwasfifteen,IannouncedtomyEnglishclassthatIwasgoingtowriteandpublishmyownbooks.Halfthestudentssneered,andthey21．felloutoftheirchairs22．."Don'tbe23．!Onlygeniusescanbecome24．,"evenoneofthemsaidrudely."AndyougotaDlastsemester."IwassobadlyhurtthatI25．intotears.ThatnightIwroteashortsadpoemaboutbrokendreamsand26．ittoTheCapris'Weeklynewspaper.Tomyastonishment,theypublisheditandsentmetwo27．.Iwasapublishedandpaidwriter!Ishowedmyfellowstudentsmywork."Justplaindumbluck,"theysaid.However,Itasted28．.I'dsoldthefirstthingI'deverwritten.Thatwas29．thananyofthemhaddoneandifitwasjustdumbluck,thatwasfinewithme.DuringthenexttwoyearsIsolddozensof30．,letters,jokesandrecipes.BythetimeIgraduatedfromhighschool,withaCminusaverage,Ihadseveralscrapbooks(剪貼簿)31．withmypublishedworks.Aftergraduation,Inever32．mywritingtomyclassmatesagain.Ihadfourchildrenlater.Whilethechildren33．,Itypedonmyancienttypewriter.IwrotewhatI34．.Ittookmeninemonthstofinishmyfirstbook.I35．apublisheratrandom(隨意地)andmaileditwithoutmakingacopyofthemanuscript.AmonthlaterIreceivedacontract,an36．onroyalties(版稅),andarequesttostart37．anotherbook.CryingWind,thetitleofmybook,becamea38．andwastranslatedintofifteenlanguagesandBrailleandwassoldworldwide.Writingis39．andanyonecandoit.Ofcourse,alittledumbluckdoesn't40．.21．A．nearly B．suddenly C．surely D．silently22．A．convincing B．laughing C．begging D．fighting23．A．discouraged B．proud C．humble D．silly24．A．writers B．musicians C．politicians D．artists25．A．fell B．ran C．burst D．turned26．A．showed B．lent C．passed D．mailed27．A．journals B．certificates C．dollars D．albums28．A．depression B．praise C．rejection D．success29．A．earlier B．better C．longer D．worse30．A．poems B．newspapers C．books D．houses31．A．full B．attached C．filled D．locked32．A．informed B．contributed C．donated D．mentioned33．A．interrupted B．gathered C．slept D．argued34．A．achieved B．felt C．forgot D．ignored35．A．contacted B．visited C．assigned D．invited36．A．onour B．adventureC．advertisement D．advance37．A．workingon B．showingoffC．gettingover D．takingin38．A．soupopera B．bestsellerC．tourguidance D．referencebook39．A．challenging B．easy C．upset D．painful40．A．mind B．kid C．hurt D．occur四、語法填空(共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分)閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當的內容(1個單詞)或括號內單詞的正確形式。TheGrandCanal,avastinlandwaterwaysystem,isthelongestandoldestcanalintheworld.41．(construct)insectionsfromthe5thcenturyBCandcompletedandmaintainedbyseveral42．(dynasty),itformedthebackboneofChina'sinlandcommunicationssystem,enablingthesupplyofrice43．(feed)thepopulation.TheGrandCanalreachedanewpeakinthe13thcentury,providinganinland44．(ship)networkconsistingofmorethan2,000kmofartificialwaterways,45．linkedfiveofthemostimportantriverbasinsinChina.Still46．majormeansofinternalcommunicationtoday,it47．(play)animportantroleinensuringtheprosperityandstabilityofChinaovertheages.TheGrandCanalbearswitnesstoa48．(remark)andearlydevelopmentofhydraulicengineering(水利工程).Itisaperfectexampleofdealing49．difficultnaturalconditions,asisreflectedinthemanyconstructionsthatare50．(full)adaptedtothediversityandcomplexityofcircumstances.五、短文改錯(共10小題；每題1分，滿分10分)51．假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處錯誤，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。只允許修改10處，從第11處起不計分。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在該詞下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。Toenrichstudents'schoollife,anexcitedcompetitionwasheldonlastSaturdayontheschoolplayground.Tenboysandtengirlsselectedbyeachclasslinedbesidetheropeandgraspedit,eagerwaitingforthestart.Withthewhistleblowing,theparticipantstriedtheirbesttopulltherope,whilethosestandingbycheereddesperatelyforhim.Eventually,everystudentsoftheclasswonthecompetitionwasawardedadelicatenotebook.Thecompetitionwashighlythoughtbystudents.Notonlydiditbuilduptheirbodies,butitalsostrengthentheirteamwork.Plus,thecompetitionreceivedpositiveresponsefromparentsandteachers,whatmadeahitinthecircleofWeChat.六、書面表達(滿分25分)52．某英文報正在開展主題為"AmazingAncientChinesePaintings"的征文活動，請寫一篇短文投稿，推薦一幅你最喜歡的繪畫作品。內容包括：1.作品介紹；2.推薦理由。注意：

1.題目已給出，不計入總詞數，寫作詞數應為100左右；

2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。AnAmazingAncientPainting

答案解析部分【答案】1．C2．D3．B【解析】【分析】這是一篇宣傳廣告。介紹了一月的家庭友好活動項目。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。細節理解題。解答細節理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷。1．細節理解題。根據$11.95members,$13.95generaladmission.會員11.95美元，普通門票13.95美元。可知成為會員就可以享受打折票；選項Getamembership.符合題意；故答案為C。2．細節理解題；根據OdySeaAquariumintheDesertishostingthethirdannualFamilyFunWinterfestinitsDesertCourtyard,featuringrealsnowforthekidstoplayin.沙漠中的奧德海水族館正在其沙漠庭院舉辦第三屆年度家庭樂趣冬季嘉年華，為孩子們提供真正的雪。可知選項Enjoyrealsnow.符合題意；故答案為D。3．細節理解題。根據ZooLights:GlowWildJan.1-19zoollights:輝光狂野1月1日至19；DowntownMesaFestivaloftheArtsJan.4-18市中心梅薩藝術節1月4日至18日；FamilyFunWinterfestJan.4家庭歡樂冬季嘉年華1月4日；YouthFineArtsCourseJan.18-Mar.7青年美術課程1月18日至3月7日；可知選項YouthFineArtsCourses.符合題意；故答案為B。【答案】4．D5．C6．A7．D【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。講述了在法國長大的小女孩，薩拉·圖米(SarahToumi)努力實現自己的夢想：成為一名能夠讓世界變得更美好。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節理解題和主旨大意題。解答推理判斷題要根據原文中的信息與選項信息結合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答主旨大意題時需要根據文章的結構和選項來判斷出正確答案。4．推理判斷題。根據Herpassiontohelpotherswasawakenedwhen,fromtheageofnine,sheaccompaniedherTunisianfathertohisbirthplaceintheeastofthecountryduringholidays.從9歲起，她就開始在假期陪伴她的突尼斯父親去突尼斯東部的出生地，這激發了她幫助他人的熱情。可知選項Theyarousedherenthusiasmforhelpingothers.符合題意；故答案為D。5．細節理解題。根據Adecreaseinaveragerainfallandanincreaseintheseverityofdroughtshaveledtoanestimated75percentofTunisia'sagriculturallandsbeingthreatenedbydesertification.平均降雨量的減少和干旱嚴重程度的增加導致突尼斯大約75%的農業用地受到荒漠化的威脅。可知選項Lowrainfall.符合題意；故答案為C。6．推理判斷題。根據Toumirecognizedthatfarmingpracticesneededtochange.Sheisconfidentthatsmalllandareascanbringlargereturnsiffarmersareabletoadaptbyplantingsustainablecrops,usingnewtechnologiesforwatertreatmentandfocusingonnaturalproductsandfertilizersratherthanchemicals.圖米認識到農業實踐需要改變。她相信，如果農民能夠通過種植可持續作物、使用新的水處理技術以及專注于天然產品和肥料而不是化學品來適應這種變化，那么小塊土地就能帶來巨大的回報。再根據In2012,Toumiconsolidated(鞏固)herdreamoffightingthedesert.ShemovedtoTunisia,andsetupaprogrammenamedAcaciasforAlltoputhersustainablefarmingphilosophy(理念)intoaction.2012年，圖米鞏固了她的沙漠之夢。她搬到了突尼斯，建立了一個名為"AcaciasforAll"的項目，將她的可持續農業理念付諸實踐。可知選Topromotetheprotectionoftheirfarmland.符合題意；故答案為A。7．主旨大意題。根據文章結構：總分總，可知.第一段AsayounggirlgrowingupinFrance,SarahToumidreamedofbecomingaleaderwhocouldmaketheworldabetterplace。作為一個在法國長大的小女孩，薩拉·圖米(SarahToumi)夢想成為一名能夠讓世界變得更美好的領袖。以及最后一段BySeptember2016,morethan130,000acaciatreeshadbeenplantedon20pilotfarms,withfarmersrecordinga60percentsurvivalrate.Toumiestimatesthatsome3millionacaciatreesareneededtoprotectTunisia'sfarmland.Sheexpectstoplant1milliontreesby2018.Inthenextcoupleofyears,ToumihopestoextendtheprogrammetoAlgeriaandMorocco.截至2016年9月，在20個試點農場種植了13萬多棵金合歡樹，農民的成活率達到60%。Toumi估計需要大約300萬棵金合歡樹來保護突尼斯的農田。她希望到2018年種植100萬棵樹。在接下來的幾年里，Toumi希望將該項目擴展到阿爾及利亞和摩洛哥。選項HoldingbacktheSahara符合題意；故答案為D。【答案】8．C9．B10．D11．C【解析】【分析】這是一篇科學報道。講述了由馬克西姆·奧伯特領導的一個研究小組（現在在澳大利亞格里菲斯大學工作），他們用一種技術顛覆了：古代繪畫似乎不太可能在高溫環境中存活下來的這個想法，這種技術正在改變我們對洞穴藝術的理解。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題，細節理解題，詞義猜測題和主旨大意題。解答推理判斷題要根據原文中的信息與選項信息結合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案；解答細節理解題要完全符合原文，不能主觀臆斷；解答詞義猜測題和主旨大意題時需要根據文章的結構和選項來判斷出正確答案。8．細節理解題。根據OnthewallsofAltamiracaveinnorthernSpain,shespottedamazingdrawingsofwildcows,paintedinvividredandblack.Morestrikingeventhantheimageswastheirage:theyweremadethousandsofyearsagobymodernhumans'supposedlyprimitiveancestors.在西班牙北部阿爾塔米拉洞穴的墻壁上，她發現了用鮮艷的紅色和黑色繪制的野生奶牛的驚人畫作。比這些圖像更引人注目的是它們的年代:它們是由現代人的原始祖先在幾千年前制作的。可知選項Ancientimages.符合題意；故答案為C。9．推理判斷題。根據Butmorerecentevidencehasblownthisideaoutofthewater.Forastart,modernhumansmightnothavebeenthefirstartistsinEurope.What'smore,acollectionofcavepaintingsemerginginIndonesiahasdismissedtheideathatEuropewasthecentreofcreativity.但最近的證據推翻了這一觀點。首先，現代人可能不是歐洲最早的藝術家。更重要的是，在印度尼西亞發現的一組洞穴壁畫駁斥了歐洲是創造力中心的觀點。可知選項ItcanbetracedbacktoEurope.符合題意；故答案為B。10．詞義猜測題。根據Modernhumansarethoughttohavereachedtheregionsome65,000yearsago,butnobodyimaginedtheartcouldbeveryoldbecauseancientpaintingsseemunlikelytosurviveintheenvironmentofhightemperatures.現代人被認為在大約6.5萬年前到達了這個地區，但沒有人想到這些藝術品可能非常古老，因為古代繪畫似乎不太可能在高溫環境中存活下來。以及下文Usingthistechniqueinsevencaves,theyfoundahandstencilwasatleast39,900yearsold,makingittheoldestknown

handstencilatthattime.在七個洞穴中使用這種技術，他們發現了一個至少有39900年歷史的手模板，使其成為當時已知最古老的手模板。可知這個團隊推翻了人們原來的觀點，upended的意思為"推翻，顛覆"；選項Overturned.符合題意；故答案為D。11．主旨大意題。根據ThisopenedafloodgatetonewdiscoveriesinIndonesia.Theseincludedahuntingscenecreatedatleast43,900yearsago,andbyfartheoldestdescriptiveartwork."Whenwefoundthatimage,wewereabsolutelydelighted,butwhenitturnedouttobethatold,wewerealmostjumpingwithjoy,"saysAdamBrumm,alsoatGriffithUniversity.這為印尼的新發現打開了閘門。其中包括至少43,900年前創作的狩獵場景，這是迄今為止最古老的描述性藝術品。格里菲斯大學的亞當·布魯姆說:"當我們發現這張照片時，我們非常高興，但當它被證明是那么古老時，我們幾乎高興得跳了起來。"可知這段主要講述了這項技術帶來的巨大影響；選項Thebenefitsofthetechnique.符合題意；故答案為C。【答案】12．C13．D14．A15．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇科普文章。介紹了伊利諾伊大學厄巴納-香檳分校的吉安·哈伍德通過實驗證實了：人類并不是唯一發明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了。

【點評】考查閱讀理解。涉及推理判斷題。解答推理判斷題要根據原文中的信息與選項信息結合起來進行正確推斷，得出答案人類并不是唯一發明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了。12．推理判斷題。根據Dr.Harwoodwonderedifthenursebeescombinedtheroyaljellytheyproducedwithpiecesfrompathogens(病原體)theyhadconsumedwhileeatingsomethingbroughtinfromoutside.哈伍德博士想知道，這些護工蜂是否把自己生產的蜂王漿和它們在吃從外面帶進來的東西時攝入的病原體碎片結合了起來。可知選項Thewaytheantigenscomeintothequeenbees'bodies.符合題意；故答案為C。13．推理判斷題。根據Dr.HarwoodandDr.Salmelalabeledthebacteriawithacertaindyetomakethemeasytotrack.哈伍德博士和薩爾梅拉博士用一種特定的染料給細菌貼上標簽，使它們易于追蹤。可知選項Bykeepingtrackofthespecialbacterium.符合題意；故答案為D。14．推理判斷題。根據Thesefindingssuggestthatnursebeesareindeed,viatheirroyaljelly,passingantigensontothequeen,then

intoeggs.Theyalsomean,becausetheyoungreceiveroyaljellyforthefirstfewdaysaftertheyhatch,thenursebeesaregivingtheyoungthesecondantigens.Eachyoungbeeisthereforebeingvaccinatedtwice.這些發現表明，護工蜂確實通過蜂王漿將抗原傳遞給蜂王，然后進入卵中。這也意味著，因為幼蜂在孵化后的頭幾天會得到蜂王漿，所以護工蜂會給幼蜂第二種抗原。因此，每只小蜜蜂都要接種兩次疫苗。可知選項Nursebeesarethekeytovaccinationforthebeegroup.符合題意；故答案為A。15．推理判斷題。根據文章結構：總分，第一段為這些段落Humanbeingsarenotaloneinhavinginventedvaccination(疫苗),whilebeeshavedonethatearlierandtheycanexperiencewhatlooklikehumanbeings'vaccinationprograms,whichhasbeenconfirmedbyGyanHarwoodoftheUniversityofIllinois,Urbana-Champaign.人類并不是唯一發明疫苗的人，而蜜蜂更早地做到了這一點，它們可以體驗到類似于人類的疫苗接種計劃，這已經被伊利諾伊大學厄巴納-香檳分校的吉安·哈伍德證實。可知這是一篇科普文章；選項Ascientificjournal.符合題意；故答案為A。【答案】16．E；17．D；18．G；19．A；20．F【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。介紹如何在家成功舉辦一個就餐聚會。

【點評】考查任務型閱讀，屬于七選五，解題關鍵在看懂文章，注意上下文的提示詞或重復的關鍵詞，認真閱讀選項，選出恰當的答案，最后再通讀全文進行檢查。16．根據下文Nottoworry;yourplanningwillbeabreezeifyouplanaheadoftimeandtaketheprocesscoursebycourse,fromappetizers(開胃菜)todesserts.不要擔心;如果你提前計劃，從開胃菜到甜點，一道菜一道菜地做，你的計劃就會變得輕而易舉。可知空白處需要"給不同口味的人準備食物很難的"；選項E.Butitcanbestressfultopreparefoodforguestswithalldifferent

preferences但為不同喜好的客人準備食物可能會很有壓力。符合題意；故答案為E。17．根據上文Andaskifanyguestsarevegetariansandprovidedishesaccordingly.詢問是否有客人是素食主義者，并提供相應的菜肴。可知空白處需要"你應該考慮每個客人的情況"；選項D.Soyoushouldmakethoughtfulpreparationsforeachofyourguests所以你應該為每一位客人做周到的準備。符合題意；故答案為D。18．根據下文soguestsaren'tthrownoffwhennomaincourseisserved.這樣客人就不會在沒有主菜的時候感覺被冷落了。可知空白處需要"應該在請柬中說明清楚只供應開胃菜"選項G.Youshoulddetailitontheinvitationthatonlyappetizerswillbeserved你應該在請柬上詳細說明只供應開胃菜。符合題意；故答案為G。19．根據下文Ifyourappetizersarejustthestartofamoreformalmealwithamaincourse,youkeepitabitsimpler.Planjustafewhandfulofchipsandacoupleofcookiesforyoureachguest,ifyou'reservingamaincourseafterwards.如果你的開胃菜只是一頓正式大餐的開始，那就簡單一點。如果你之后要上主菜的話，給每位客人準備幾片薯片和幾塊餅干。可知空白處需要"主菜前只提供簡單小吃"；選項A.Servelight,simplesnacksbeforeamaincourse在上主菜前提供簡單的小吃。符合題意；故答案為A。20．根據上文Preparefruitsandvegetables.Manyguestswillwantafresh,healthyoptiontostartoffameal.準備水果和蔬菜。許多客人會想要一個新鮮的，健康的選擇開始用餐。可知空白處需要"尋找購買時令蔬菜和水果來制作客人的菜肴"；選項F.Lookforripefruitsandfreshvegetablesthatareinseasonforthebesttastingingredients尋找成熟的水果和新鮮的應季蔬菜來制作最美味的食材。符合題意；故答案為F。【答案】21．A；22．B；23．A；24．A；25．C；26．D；27．C；28．D；29．B；30．A；31．C；32．D；33．C；34．B；35．A；36．C；37．A；38．B；39．B；40．A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。作者講述了自己的寫作經歷。

【點評】考查完形填空，首先通讀一遍文章，跳過缺失的單詞，再根據上下文來判斷所缺單詞的含義，最后對選項進行區別，選出正確的那一項。做完后再通讀一遍檢查驗證。21．句意：一半的學生冷笑起來，他們笑得差點從椅子上摔下來。根據句意"一半的學生冷笑起來……從椅子上摔下來"可知空白處需要副詞"幾乎，差點"選項A：nearly幾乎，B：suddenly突然，C：surely肯定，D：silently默默地，可知選項nearly符合題意；故答案為A。22．句意：一半的學生冷笑起來，他們笑得差點從椅子上摔下來。根據句意"一半的學生冷笑起來"可知空白處需要"大笑"選項A：convincing說服，B：laughing大笑，C：begging乞求，D：fighting打架，可知選項laughing符合題意；故答案為B。23．句意：不要氣餒！只有天才才能成為作家。根據同學們的嘲笑，可知作者努力克制并鼓勵自己，空白處需要"氣餒"選項A：discouraged氣餒，B：proud驕傲，C：humble謙卑，D：silly愚蠢，可知選項discouraged符合題意；故答案為A。24．句意：不要氣餒！只有天才才能成為作家。根據段首句WhenIwasfifteen,IannouncedtomyEnglishclassthatIwasgoingtowriteandpublishmyownbooks.當我15歲的時候，我對我的英語班宣布我要寫并出版我自己的書。可知作者希望成為作家，選項A：writers作家，B：musicians音樂家，C：politicians政治家，D：artists藝術家，可知選項writers符合題意；故答案為A。25．句意：其中一個甚至粗魯地說。"你上學期得了D。"我傷得很重，突然哭了起來。根據同學們一個勁的諷刺作者，作者崩潰了，可知作者一下子哭起來了；選項A：fell摔倒，B：ran跑，C：burst爆裂，D：turned轉身，可知選項burst符合題意；故答案為C。26．句意：那天晚上，我寫了一首關于破碎的夢的悲傷的短詩，并把它寄給了《卡普里周刊》。根據下文"令我驚訝的是，他們出版了這首短詩"可知作者把他鞋的詩郵寄出去了，選項A：showed展示，B：lent租借，C：passed傳遞，D：mailed郵寄，可知選項mailed符合題意；故答案為D。27．句意：令我驚訝的是，他們出版了這首短詩，還給了我兩美元。根據下文Iwasapublishedandpaidwriter!我是一個出版作品并拿薪水的作家！可知作者的到了稿酬，選項A：journals期刊，B：certificates憑證，C：dollars:美元，D：albums相冊，可知選項dollars符合題意；故答案為C。28．句意：然而，我嘗到了成功的滋味。根據下文I'dsoldthefirstthingI'deverwritten.我賣掉了我寫的第一篇文章。可知作者作品的發表讓他感受到了成功，選項A：depression沮喪，B：praise贊揚，C：rejection拒絕，D：success成功，可知選項success符合題意；故答案為D。29．句意：這比他們任何人做的都好，如果只是運氣好，我也無所謂。根據作者曾經被同學們嘲笑，他們沒有人投稿發表，可知作者認為自己比他們好；選項A：earlier更早，B：better更好，C：longer更長，D：worse更糟，可知選項better符合題意；故答案為B。30．句意：在接下來的兩年里，我賣出了幾十首詩歌、信件、笑話和食譜。根據上