高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1浙江省金華十校2025屆高三下學期4月模擬考試英語試題第一部分聽力(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Howdoesthewomanfeel?A.Content. B.Disturbed. C.Stressed.【答案】A【原文】W:Theexamsareover.IhavegainedaplaceatuniversityandI'mgoingonholidaytomorrow.Lifeisgood.M:I’mdisturbedbyhowmuchgoodluckyouarehavinglately.W:TheharderIwork,themoreluckIseemtohave.2.Wherearethespeakersprobably?A.Atschool. B.Inaforest. C.Atanewsagency.【答案】C【原文】M:Jane,IwantyoutowriteathousandwordsontheCanadianwildfires.Ineedthestoryhereonmydeskinanhour.W:I’llgetrightonit.Ibelievethefireshavedestroyedmanyforestsandhomes.M:It’sterrible.Ourreadersneedtoknowaboutit.3.What’stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Friends. B.Husbandandwife. C.Employerandemployee.【答案】A【原文】W:Wherewereyou?Youdidn’tcomeonFridaynight.M:Ohno,Iforgotaboutthepartyonfridayevening,butIevendroppedoffagiftatyourhouseyesterdayonyourbirthday.W:Ididn’tseeit,butthankyouanyway.Weallmissedyouonfriday.4.Whatdoesthemanlikeaboutchopsticks?A.Theirusefulness. B.Theirappearance. C.Theirconvenience.【答案】B【原文】M:Chopsticksarehardtouse.Pickingupriceissodifficult.W:Practicemakesperfect.Somedayyou’llknowhowusefultheyare.M:It’shardtosay,butIdoliketheirbeautifulpatterns.5.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?A.Cancelanappointment. B.Bookarepairservice. C.Postponeaschedule.【答案】C【原文】W:HomeServiceCentral,howcanIhelpyoutoday?M:Ihaveawindowrepairappointmentfortomorrowmorning,butI’dliketomoveittotheafternoon.W:Letmecheckonthatforyou.Pleasegivemeyourlastnameandaddress.第二節(共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whatisthemainpurposeofthespeakers’hike?A.Torefreshthemselves. B.Togetsomeexercise. C.Toexplorealake.7.Howfardothespeakersstillhavetogotoreachthelake?A.4.5miles. B.6miles. C.7.5miles.【答案】6.A7.B【原文】M:I’mgladwedecidedtotakeabreakfromworkandhikeuptothelake.Herewecanfinallyhaveagoodrest.Howmuchfartherdoyouthinkitis?W:Let’ssee,thesignatthestartsaiditisninemilesintotaltothelake.We’vebeenwalkingforanhourandmywatchsayswe’reaveragingthreemilesperhour.M:Sowe’renotyethalfwaythere.W:Right.Weshouldarrivearoundmidday.M:Perfect.We’llhavelunchwhenwegetthereandhaveplentyoftimetoenjoytheview.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Sheisananimallover. B.Sheneverspoilsherpet. C.Shekeepsabirdasapet.9.WhatisJoey?A.Abird. B.Acat. C.Adog.10.What'swrongwithKevin?A.Heissick. B.Heissad. C.Heisheavy.【答案】8.A9.B10.C【原文】W:Lookatthattinybird.Isn’titlovely?M:I’mafraidthatitjustlookslikeabirdtome.W:Doesn’titmakeyoufeelgoodjustknowingthatthereareallthesewildcreatureslivingintheworld?M:Iexpecttheirlifeisalittlebittougherthanyouthink.W:Lookathislittlefeathers.Itthesamecolorasjoeyalmost.M:Joeyhasmoreofaredcolor.He’snotawildcreature,though.He’sthemostspoiledcatIknow.W:Weallspoilourpets.Lookatyourdog.Hehasbeengainingweightsinceyouadoptedhim.M:Yes,weneedtoputKevinonadiet.Ithinkhecanstillrunfasterthanmethough,andhe’salwayshappy.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。11.Whatarethespeakersdoing?A.Cookingdinner. B.Havingameal. C.Watchingashow.12.WhatisimportanttounderstandPekingOperaaccordingtothewoman?A.Understandingthepatternsoffacialmake-up.B.HavingabasicknowledgeoftheChineselanguage.C.Learningaboutthestoriesbehindthosehistoricalcharacters.13.Whatwillthewomandonext?A.Gotohercompany. B.Catchabus. C.Bookataxi.【答案】11.B12.A13.C【原文】M:Thesenoodlesaredelicious.Youchoseanexcellentplacetoeat.W:LadYoulikeit?Whatdidyouthinkoftheshowtonight?M:Itwasamazing.Thanksfortakingmetothetheatre.PekingOperaissointeresting.W:Didyouunderstandit?M:Notthelanguage,obviously,butthefacialmakeupofthecharactersgavemecluesaboutwhotheywereandwhattheywerelike.W:Thatisagoodpoint.ThekeytoappreciatingandunderstandingPekingOperaliesinunderstandingthepatternsoftheopera’sfacialmake-up.M:Ithoughtso.W:Eachofthehistoricalcharactersintheperformancehasitsownuniquefacialmake-updesign.Overtime,thesedesignshavebecomefamiliartoaudiences.M:Sotheycanseeatfirstglancewhoisgoodandwhoisbad?W:Exactly.M:Ithoughtthemaincharacterlookedlikethetaxidriverwhobroughtushere.W:Ah,thatremindsme.Wearetoolatetocatchabusorthesubway.Imustcallataxicompanynow.Sowecanhavearidehome.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。14.Whatdoesthewomanaskabouttheman’stravel?A.Whohewillgowith. B.Whenheplanstoleave. C.Whyhewantstotakethetrip.15.Whendoesthemanplantoreturn?A.AtthebeginningofMarch. B.InthemiddleofMarch. C.AttheendofMarch.16.Whatdoesthemanaskhisneighbortotakecareof?A.Hisdog. B.Hiscar. C.Hishouse.17.Whatdoesthemando?A.Heisabankclerk. B.Heisanengineer. C.Heisafinancialadvisor.【答案】14.C15.C16.A17.B【原文】W:Soyou’reapplyingforab2Visa.Whatisyourfinaldestination?M:Minneapolis.W:Andwhat’sthepurposeofyourtriptotheUnitedStates?M:I’mgoingtovisitmybrother.Hiswifehasjusthadababy.W:Andhowlongdoyouplantostay?M:I’llbethereforaboutthreeweeks.See,Here’smyreturnticketforthetwentysixthofmarch.W:Andwhoissponsoringyourtrip?M:Mybrother.Here,thisisaninvitationletterfromhim.I’llstaywithhimandhisfamilyintheirhome.W:Alright,tellmeaboutthetiesyouhavetoyourhomecountry.M:Well,Iownahouse.I’mleavingmydogtherewithmyneighbors.IhaveacarathomeandIhavemyjob.I’memployedbyCornellasanengineer.Actually,Ionlyhaveathreeweeksvacation.W:Andwhatevidencedoyouhavethatyouarefinanciallyindependent?M:Well,Idohaveassetsinmycountry.AsIsaid,Iownahouse.Andhere’sabankstatementshowingmyinvestmentsandbankbalance.W:Okay,sir,youaregrantedab2Visa.Congratulations.聽下面一段獨白，回答以下小題。18.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?A.Whytotravelbytrain.B.Whattodoonalongtraintrip.C.Howtotakecareofyourselfonatrain.19.Whyisreadingmorepleasantonatrainthanonabus?A.Thesceneryismorebeautiful.B.Theseatsaremorecomfortable.C.Youarelesslikelytofeeldizzy.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggesttravelersdotostayoccupiedonthetrain?A.Makephonecalls. B.Learnanewskill. C.Haveanonlinemeeting.【答案】18.B19.C20.B【原文】Travelingbytrainisfun,butlongjourneyscanleaveyouwonderingwhattodowithyourtime.Soherearesomeideastokeepyouoccupiedreadagoodbookagreatstorycanmakethehoursflybytraintraveldoesn’tmakeyoudizzylikecarsorbuses,soyoucanenjoyapleasantandquietreadingsession.Ifthat’snotyourthing,takeyourcameraormobilephonetotakesomepictures.Whetheryouwantpicturesofsceneryorpeople,photographyisafunthingtodo.Alongtrainrideisaperfectexcuseforacreativehobby.Youmayliketowrite,draworcomposemusic.Youcandoallthesethingsinthecomfortableseatofatrain.Anotherfunthingtodoislearnsomethingnew.Haveyoulongwantedtolearnalanguageorimproveyourdrawingskills?Nowisthechanceyoucouldalsofindoutmoreaboutyourdestination.Andofcourse,moviesandvideogamesareverypopularwithpeoplewhohavephonesorcomputers.Also,don’tforgetatrainisagoodplacetomeetnewpeopleandpossiblytoenjoyamealandacupofteaorcoffee.Plus,takecareofyourself.Byhavingawalkonalongjourney.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳答案。AAPosterContestEngagingpeopleinfiresafetyandpreventionfromanearlyageiscrucial,sotheStateFireMarshal’sOfficeisinvitingprimaryschoolstudentsacrossOhiotoparticipateinitsFireSafetyPosterContest.Thecontestisheldannuallytoengageyoungminds,emphasizingvariousissuesrelatedtofiresafetyeducation.Contestrules·Postersmustincludeafirepreventiontheme.·Postersmustdisplaypositivebehaviorstatementsofwhatstudentscandotopreventafireathome.·Postersmustonlybeon8.5×11-inchpaper.·Anycolorsmaybeused;however,awhiteorlight-coloredbackgroundispreferred.·Crayons,markers,pencilsandsimilartoolscanbeused.·Allartworkmustbeoriginal.Computer-generatedimagesandclippingsfrommagazinesandnewspaperswillnotbeaccepted.·Thepostersurfaceshouldremainflat.ContestproceduresElementaryschoolsacrossthestatemustturnovertheposterstotheirlocalfiredepartmentspriortotheSeptember30deadline,sothoseentriescanbedisplayedduringFirePreventionWeek(October6-12).Theneachofthelocaldepartmentsmustselecttwowinningposters—onefromeachgradecategory(grades1-3and4-6)andsubmitthemtotheStateFireMarshal'sOfficebyNovember15.Acommitteewillreviewallthesubmittedpostersandselectsixwinnersineachgradecategory.Winningentrieswillbeannouncednextspring.Additionalinformationonthecontestisavailableatcom.ohio.gov/SFMPosterContest.21.Whyareprimaryschoolstudentsencouragedtojoininthecontest?A.Tostimulatetheircreativeminds.B.Todisplaytheirbrilliantartisticskills.C.Tolearnmoreaboutlocalfiredepartments.D.Toraisetheirawarenessoffiresafetyandprevention.22.Whichofthefollowingwillprobablyresultindisqualification?A.Drawingona8.5×11-inchpaper. B.UsingAItoolstogenerateimages.C.Centeringonafirepreventiontheme. D.Choosingadark-coloredbackground.23.Howmanywinningentrieswillbeannouncednextspring?A.2. B.4. C.6. D.12.【答案】21.D22.B23.D【語篇導讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了俄亥俄州消防局長辦公室舉辦的小學生消防安全海報比賽的相關信息，包括比賽目的、規則、流程等?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第一段中的“Engagingpeopleinfiresafetyandpreventionfromanearlyageiscrucial,sotheStateFireMarshal’sOfficeisinvitingprimaryschoolstudentsacrossOhiotoparticipateinitsFireSafetyPosterContest.(從小就讓人們參與消防安全和預防至關重要，因此俄亥俄州消防局長辦公室邀請俄亥俄州各地的小學生參加其消防安全海報比賽。)”可知，俄亥俄州消防局長辦公室邀請小學生參加消防安全海報比賽是因為從小讓人們參與消防安全和預防至關重要，由此可以推測出，鼓勵小學生參加比賽是為了提高他們的消防安全和預防意識。故選D項。【22題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章Contestrules部分中“Allartworkmustbeoriginal.Computer-generatedimagesandclippingsfrommagazinesandnewspaperswillnotbeaccepted.(所有藝術作品必須是原創的。不接受計算機生成的圖像和雜志、報紙上的剪報。)”可知，不接受計算機生成的圖像，由此可知，使用人工智能工具生成圖像可能會導致取消資格。故選B項?！?3題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章Contestprocedures部分中“Theneachofthelocaldepartmentsmustselecttwowinningposters—onefromeachgradecategory(grades1-3and4-6)andsubmitthemtotheStateFireMarshal'sOfficebyNovember15.Acommitteewillreviewallthesubmittedpostersandselectsixwinnersineachgradecategory.Winningentrieswillbeannouncednextspring.(然后，每個地方部門必須從每個年級類別（1-3年級和4-6年級）中選出兩張獲獎海報，并在11月15日前提交給州消防局長辦公室。委員會將審查所有提交的海報，并在每個年級類別中選出六名獲獎者。獲獎作品將于明年春天公布。)”可知，每個地方部門必須從每個年級類別（1-3年級和4-6年級）中選出兩張獲獎海報，然后委員會將在每個年級類別中選出六名獲獎者，所以明年春天將宣布12個獲獎作品。故選D項。BJaredwasmyregularhiking,ice-climbingandmountain-bikingfellow.Wewereonanovernighttrip,justasinglenight,andwhathe’dbroughtfordinnerwasthis:Rice.Literallynothingelse.Thiswasnotaresultofhimtryingtopackaslightaspossible,norwasitbecausehewasbroke.Hewasn’t.Itriedtoconvincehimtoatleastputsoysauce(醬油)onit.Butno,Jaredwasn’thavingabarofit.“Idon’tneedit,”hesaidflatly.Now,ifhewastalkingonlyaboutoutdoors’meals,I’dalmostgetit.Whenyou’reravenousafteradayofburningoffcalorieswalkingorclimbingorbackcountryskiinginthemountains,howawesomedothingstaste!Iknowwhatyou’rethinking;it’ssimplythat,asthesayinggoes,hungeristhebestsauce.AndIagree.Absolutely.Butthere’smoretoitthanthat.Lastmonth,Iwentdownthecoastcarcampingwithmyfamily.Onemorning,mywifemadeastatement.“Idon’tseethepoint,”shesaid.“It’ssomuchwork,camping.Buttheviewsathomearebetter.Thebedsaremorecomfortable.It’smorepeaceful.Andathome,thefoodisbetter.”I’lladmitshe’srightaboutthefirstthree.Butthefood?Wehadasimplepastaonenight,snagsanother,chickencurrythethird,buttheyalltastedgood.Betterthanathome.Anditwasn’tsimplythatwewerehungry;itwasbecausewewerecamping.TherealpointIwanttogettoisthatmealslargelytastesogoodwhenI’mcampingbecauseI’mremindedofsomethingseasilyforgottenathome,whereIcansimplygotothecupboard,orthesupermarket,andgetwhatevertakesmyfancy.Life,whenyou’recamping,isreducedtoitsessentials,andIamremindedofhowluckymostofusaretobedryandwarmandfed.Moreimportantly,Iamremindedthatsadly,andinfactunforgivably,notallofusare.AndIamremindedthatwe,asasociety,shoulddobetterforthem.24.WhydidJaredbringonlyricefordinneronthetrip?A.Hedidn’tlikesoysauce. B.Hepreferredtotravellight.C.Hecouldn’taffordabettermeal. D.Heenjoyedsimpleoutdoormeals.25.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ravenous”inthethirdparagraphmean?A.Tired. B.Starving. C.Fulfilled. D.Refreshed.26.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofcamping?A.Itisatestofadaptability. B.Itisachancetoenjoygoodfood.C.Itisareminderofthegoodlifehehas. D.Itisabondingexperienceforhisfamily.27.Whatmakestheauthorsadaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Somepeoplelackthebasicnecessitiesoflife.B.Somepeoplefailtoappreciatewhattheyhave.C.Peopleeasilyforgetthebeautyofsimplethings.D.Peopleeasilyquitcampingduetoitsdiscomfort.【答案】24.D25.B26.C27.A【語篇導讀】本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過講述作者朋友旅行只帶米飯以及家人露營的經歷，闡述了露營時食物美味的原因，還引發了對生活的思考。【24題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Thiswasnotaresultofhimtryingtopackaslightaspossible,norwasitbecausehewasbroke.

Hewasn’t.Itriedtoconvincehimtoatleastputsoysauceonit.Butno,Jaredwasn’thavingabarofit.‘Idon’tneedit,’hesaidflatly.(這并不是因為他盡量輕裝上陣，也不是因為他身無分文。他不是。我試圖說服他至少在米飯上加點醬油。但不行，賈里德根本不同意?！拔也恍枰?，”他直截了當地說)”可知，賈里德堅持只吃米飯，不是因為他盡量輕裝上陣，不是因為他沒錢吃不起更好的飯菜，文中也沒有明確表示他不喜歡醬油，所以，他只吃米飯是因為他喜歡簡單的戶外餐食。故選D項?！?5題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞所在部分“Whenyou’reravenousafteradayofburningoffcalorieswalkingorclimbingorbackcountryskiinginthemountains,howawesomedothingstaste!Iknowwhatyou’rethinking;it’ssimplythat,asthesayinggoes,hungeristhebestsauce.(當你在山里徒步、爬山或野外滑雪消耗了一天的卡路里后感到ravenous時，食物嘗起來是多么美味啊！我知道你在想什么；俗話說，饑餓是最好的調味品)”中“afteradayofburningoffcalories”和“hungeristhebestsauce”可推知，經過一天的卡路里消耗后，會感到饑餓，食物會變得美味。故“ravenous”的意思是“饑餓的”，與B項“Starving”同義。故選B項?！?6題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“TherealpointIwanttogettoisthatmealslargelytastesogoodwhenI’mcampingbecauseI’mremindedofsomethingseasilyforgottenathome,whereIcansimplygotothecupboard,orthesupermarket,andgetwhatevertakesmyfancy.Life,whenyou’recamping,isreducedtoitsessentials,andIamremindedofhowluckymostofusaretobedryandwarmandfed.(我真正想說的是，當我在露營時，食物的味道很大程度上是如此的好，因為我想起了一些在家里很容易忘記的東西，在家里我可以簡單地去櫥柜或超市，買到我喜歡的任何東西。當你在露營時，生活只剩下最基本的東西，我想起我們大多數人都是多么幸運，能保持干燥、溫暖和吃飽)”可知，作者認為露營能讓他想起在家里很容易忘記的東西，想起自己所擁有的美好生活。故選C項。【27題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Life,whenyou’recamping,isreducedtoitsessentials,andIamremindedofhowluckymostofusaretobedryandwarmandfed.Moreimportantly,Iamremindedthatsadly,andinfactunforgivably,notallofusare.AndIamremindedthatwe,asasociety,shoulddobetterforthem.(當你在露營時，生活只剩下最基本的東西，我想起我們大多數人都是多么幸運，能保持干燥、溫暖和吃飽。更重要的是，我想起了可悲的、事實上不可原諒的是，并非所有人都如此。我想起作為一個社會，我們應該為他們做得更好)”可知，作者想到并非所有人都能保持干燥、溫暖和吃飽，作者因為想到一些人缺乏基本生活必需品而感到難過。故選A項。CNeighboringgroupsofbirdswithinthesamespeciescancreateverydifferent-lookingnests—showingthattheirnest-buildingchoicesaren’tonlycontrolledbyinstinct(本能)andtheenvironment.Instead,thesebirdsseemtolearnrulesfornest-makingthatgetpasseddownwithinafamilygroupfromgenerationtogeneration.That’stheconclusionofresearcherswhostudiednearly450grassystructuresbuiltovertwoyearsbywhite-browedsparrowweaverslivingintheKalahariDesertinSouthAfrica.Thesesmall,brown-and-whitebirdsliveingroups,anditturnsoutthatgroupsofbirdsthatlivedquiteneartoeachotherbuiltdistinctivearchitecturalforms.Thebiggestdifferencewasin“howshortorlongthestructuresare,”saysstudyleadauthorMariaC.Tello-Ramos,acognitiveecologistattheUniversityofHullinEngland.Furthermore,eachgroupmaintainedthesamearchitecturalstyleovertime—andwhenoutsidersjoined,theyadaptedtothisstyle.Toexaminewhatmightaccountfortheobserveddifferences,theteamcarefullyanalyzedfactorsthatcandetermineanest’ssizeandshapeforagivenbirdspecies:weatherconditions,treeheight,individuals’bodysizeandgenetic(基因的)relatedness.YetnoneofthesefactorsseemedtoplayarelevantroleinshapinghowtheKalaharisparrowsbuilttheirnests,theresearchersreportinScience.“Thenwesay,‘Okay,sowhatisleft?’”Tello-Ramosexplains.Sheandhercolleaguesproposedthatculturaltransmission(傳輸)mightbekeytonestbuilding.“Inourpaper,wehaven’tgottenthereyetwithexperiments,butwehaveverygoodcluesthatthatmightbeit,”shesays.“Theseareimportantquestionsthatareunderstudied,”saysChristinaRiehl,anevolutionarybiologist.She’snotconvincedthestudy’sdataareenoughtofullyruleoutgeneticinfluence.“Theycan’tactuallylookattheeffectof,say,geneticdifferences,becausetheydon’thavereallygoodgeneticinformationonalltheindividualsinthesegroups,”shesays.“Ithinkthere’salotlefttobedone,andIthinkthispaperwillinspirefutureresearchinareallygoodway.”28.Whatplaysakeyroleinbirds’nest-buildingchoicesaccordingtothenewstudy?A.Livingconditions. B.Grouptraditions.C.Theinfluenceofneighbors. D.Thespeciesofbirds.29.Whatdoweknowaboutthenestsbuiltbyneighboringgroupsofbirds?A.Theyaremodeledaftereachother. B.Theyaremadeofdifferentmaterials.C.Theyvarymostsignificantlyinlength. D.Theysharethesamearchitecturalstyle.30.HowdidTello-Ramosandhiscolleaguesreachthestudyconclusion?A.Throughstatisticalmethods. B.Throughcarefulexperiments.C.Byexcludingotherpossiblefactors. D.Byreviewingfindingsofpreviousstudies.31.WhatdoesChristinaRiehlthinkofthestudy?A.Limitedbutinspiring. B.Understudiedandmisleading.C.Controversialbutwell-designed. D.Convincingandgroundbreaking.【答案】28.B29.C30.C31.A【語篇導讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了對南非卡拉哈里沙漠中白眉麻雀織巢鳥的研究發現，即同一物種內相鄰的鳥類群體可以建造出外觀截然不同的巢穴，這表明它們的筑巢選擇不僅受本能和環境的影響，還似乎通過家族群體代代相傳的筑巢規則來學習?！?8題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“Instead,thesebirdsseemtolearnrulesfornest-makingthatgetpasseddownwithinafamilygroupfromgenerationtogeneration.(相反，這些鳥類似乎學會了筑巢的規則，并且這些規則在家族群體中代代相傳。)”以及第五段“Sheandhercolleaguesproposedthatculturaltransmission(傳輸)mightbekeytonestbuilding.(她和她的同事提出，文化傳承可能是筑巢的關鍵。)”可知，鳥類似乎學會了在家族群體中代代相傳的筑巢規則，研究人員提出文化傳承可能是筑巢的關鍵，這里的文化傳承可以理解為群體傳統。故選B。【29題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段“Thebiggestdifferencewasin“howshortorlongthestructuresare,”saysstudyleadauthorMariaC.Tello-Ramos,acognitiveecologistattheUniversityofHullinEngland.(該研究的第一作者MariaC.Tello-Ramos是英國赫爾大學的認知生態學家。她說，最大的差異在于“鳥巢結構的長短”。)”可知，相鄰鳥群所建鳥巢最大的差異在于“結構的長短”，也就是在長度方面差異最為顯著。故選C?！?0題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第四段“Toexaminewhatmightaccountfortheobserveddifferences,theteamcarefullyanalyzedfactorsthatcandetermineanest’ssizeandshapeforagivenbirdspecies:weatherconditions,treeheight,individuals’bodysizeandgenetic(基因的)relatedness.YetnoneofthesefactorsseemedtoplayarelevantroleinshapinghowtheKalaharisparrowsbuilttheirnests,theresearchersreportinScience.(為了探究造成所觀察到的差異的原因，研究團隊仔細分析了可能決定特定鳥類物種鳥巢大小和形狀的因素：天氣狀況、樹的高度、個體的體型大小以及基因相關性。然而，研究人員在《科學》雜志上報告稱，在塑造喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式方面，這些因素似乎都沒有起到相關作用。)”可知，為了探究造成所觀察到差異的原因，研究團隊仔細分析了可能決定鳥巢大小和形狀的各種因素，如天氣狀況、樹的高度、個體體型大小和基因相關性等，但發現這些因素似乎都對喀拉哈里麻雀的筑巢方式沒有起到相關作用。由此可知，該研究團隊先分析其他因素，排除它們的影響后提出新的觀點。故選C?！?1題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“She’snotconvincedthestudy’sdataareenoughtofullyruleoutgeneticinfluence.“Theycan’tactuallylookattheeffectof,say,geneticdifferences,becausetheydon’thavereallygoodgeneticinformationonalltheindividualsinthesegroups,”shesays.“Ithinkthere’salotlefttobedone,andIthinkthispaperwillinspirefutureresearchinareallygoodway.”(她并不相信該研究的數據足以完全排除基因的影響?！皩嶋H上，他們無法研究比如說基因差異所產生的影響，因為他們并沒有掌握這些群體中所有個體的真正完善的基因信息?！彼f，“我認為還有很多工作有待完成，而且我覺得這篇論文會以非常好的方式激發未來的研究。”)”可知，她認為該研究的數據不足以完全排除基因的影響，因為研究人員沒有掌握這些群體中所有個體完善的基因信息，這表明她覺得該研究存在一定的局限性。故選A。DAwheeledrobotrollsacrossthefloor.Asoft-bodiedroboticstarbendsitsfivelegs,movingawkwardly.Poweredbyconventionalelectricityviaplugorbattery,thesesimpleroboticcreationswouldbeunremarkable,butwhatsetsthesetworobotsapartisthattheyarecontrolledbyalivingentity(實體):akingoystermushroom.Bygrowingthemushroom’smycelium(菌絲體)intotherobot’shardware,ateamledbyCornellUniversityresearchershasengineeredtwotypesofrobotsthatsenseandrespondtotheenvironmentbyusingelectricalsignalsmadebythemushroomanditssensitivitytolight.Therobotsarethelatestaccomplishmentofscientistsinafieldknownasbiohybridroboticswhoseektocombinebiological,livingmaterialssuchasplantandanimalcellsorinsectswithartificialcomponentstomakepartlylivingandpartlyengineeredentities.There’sstillalongwaytogobeforebiohybridrobotsgobeyondthelab,butresearchershopeonedayrobotjellyfishmayexploreoceans,sperm-poweredrobotsmaybeabletodeliverfertility(肥沃)treatmentsandcyborgcockroachescouldsearchforsurvivorsinthewakeofanearthquake.“Biohybridizationisanattempttofindcomponentsinthebiologicalworldthatwecanuse,understand,andcontroltohelpourartificialsystemsworkbetter,”saidShepherd,aprofessorofmechanicalandaerospaceengineeringatCornellUniversity.Theteambeganbygrowingkingoystermushroomsinthelabfromasimplekitorderedonline.Theresearcherschosethisspeciesofmushroombecauseitgrowseasilyandquickly.Theycultivated(培育)themushroom’smycelium,whichcanformnetworksthat,accordingtothestudy,cansense,communicateandtransportnutrients.Theteamfounditchallengingtoengineerasystemthatcoulddetectandusethesmallelectricalsignalsfromthemyceliatocommandtherobot.“Youhavetomakesurethatyourelectrode(電極)touchesintherightpositionbecausethemyceliaareverythin,”saidleadauthorAnandMishra.“Thenyouculturethem,andwhenthemyceliastartgrowing,theywraparoundtheelectrode.”32.Whatisspecialaboutthetworobotsinthefirstparagraph?A.Theycancontrollivingcreatures. B.Theycanmakevariousmovements.C.Theyarepoweredbykingoystermushrooms. D.Theyarepartlymushroomandpartlymachine.33.Whatdoestheauthorwanttoshowbygivingtheexamplesinparagraph4?A.Thefuturepossibilitiesofbiohybridrobots.B.Theseriousnessoftheenvironmentalissues.C.Thelimitationsofbiohybridrobotsbeyondthelab.D.Theadvantagesofbiohybridrobotsoverconventionalones.34.Whatdidtheteamfinddifficultwhenengineeringtherobots?A.Wrappingtheelectrodewiththemycelia.B.Arrangingtheelectrodeintherightorder.C.Developingasystemtocultivatethemycelia.D.Positioningtheelectrodeaccuratelyonthemycelia.35.Whichofthefollowingcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhenNatureMeetsTechnology B.HowTechnologyTransformsNatureC.KingOysterMushrooms:theMagicofNature D.BiohybridRobotics:theKeytoSocialDevelopment【答案】32.D33.A34.D35.A【語篇導讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一種將生物和科技結合起來的機器人，介紹了其工作原理以及存在的挑戰?！?2題詳析】細節理解題。根據第一段“Poweredbyconventionalelectricityviaplugorbattery,thesesimpleroboticcreationswouldbeunremarkable,butwhatsetsthesetworobotsapartisthattheyarecontrolledbyalivingentity(實體):akingoystermushroom.(通過插頭或電池供電，這些簡單的機器人創造物可能并不引人注目，但這兩個機器人的與眾不同之處在于，它們是由一種生物控制的：一種王牡蠣蘑菇)”可知，兩個機器人部分是蘑菇，部分是機器。故選D。【33題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第四段“There’sstillalongwaytogobeforebiohybridrobotsgobeyondthelab,butresearchershopeonedayrobotjellyfishmayexploreoceans,sperm-poweredrobotsmaybeabletodeliverfertility(肥沃)treatmentsandcyborgcockroachescouldsearchforsurvivorsinthewakeofanearthquake.(生物混合機器人要走出實驗室還有很長的路要走，但研究人員希望有一天機器水母可以探索海洋，精子驅動的機器人可以提供生育治療，半機器人蟑螂可以在地震后尋找幸存者)”可知，作者在第4段中給出的例子想要說明生物混合機器人的未來可能性。故選A。【34題詳析】細節理解題。根據最后一段“ Theteamfounditchallengingtoengineerasystemthatcoulddetectandusethesmallelectricalsignalsfromthemyceliatocommandtherobot.“Youhavetomakesurethatyourelectrode(電極)touchesintherightpositionbecausethemyceliaareverythin,”saidleadauthorAnandMishra.(研究小組發現，設計一個能夠檢測并使用來自菌絲體的小電信號來指揮機器人的系統是一項挑戰該研究的主要作者阿南德·米什拉說：“你必須確保電極接觸到正確的位置，因為菌絲非常薄?！?”可知，在設計機器人時，團隊發現難以將電極準確定位在菌絲上。故選D?！?5題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第二段“Bygrowingthemushroom’smycelium(菌絲體)intotherobot’shardware,ateamledbyCornellUniversityresearchershasengineeredtwotypesofrobotsthatsenseandrespondtotheenvironmentbyusingelectricalsignalsmadebythemushroomanditssensitivitytolight.(通過將蘑菇的菌絲體植入機器人的硬件，康奈爾大學研究人員領導的一個團隊設計了兩種類型的機器人，它們通過蘑菇發出的電信號和對光的敏感性來感知和響應環境)”結合文章主要介紹了一種將生物和科技結合起來的機器人，介紹了其工作原理以及存在的挑戰可知，A選項“當自然遇上科技”最符合文章標題。故選A。第二節(共5小題；每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Scienceshowsthatattractionisn’tjustaboutlooks.___36___Thefollowingsimplewayswillhelpyouboostattractivenessandimpacthowothersperceiveyou.Masterthepowerofasmile.Agenuinesmilecansignificantlyboostyourattractiveness.Researchshowsthatabettersmileenhancesfacialappealforbothmenandwomen.Smilingnotonlymakesyoulookmoreapproachablebutalsosignalswarmth,confidence,andpositiveemotions.___37___Beagoodaudience.Wanttoincreaseyourappealinstantly?Laughatsomeone’sjokessincerely.AstudyconductedintheUnitedStatesandNorwayfoundthatexpressingamusement—gigglingorlaughing—whensomeonemakesajokesignificantlyincreasesromanticinterest.___38___As