高級中學名校試卷PAGEPAGE1山東省菏澤市2024-2025學年高二下學期4月期中考試英語試題第一部分聽力(略)第二部分閱讀(共兩節，滿分50分)第一節(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。ATheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisanon-profitorganizationthatactivatesthepowerofplaytoenrichthelivesofchildrenandtheirfamilies,buildstronger,moreconnectedcommunities,andcreateabetterworld.TheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisafavouriteamongthelocalfamilies.Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.Itoffers21,000squarefeetofdiscoveryfromahelicoptertoaminiatureartefactandtosomuchmore.Thereareartstudios,astate-of-the-arttheatre,andadaptablecommunityspaces–youandyourchildcanexperiencetheCaytondifferentlyeverytime.Mostexhibitsareconsideredappropriateforkidsundertheageof10,butevenoldervisitorscanhavefunwhilewalkingthroughandtestingoutthehands-ondisplays.Thatmeansthisisaperfectplacefortheentirefamilytohaveadayoffun.Admission:Generalvisitors,$15;Yearlymembershipsareavailablefor$240.Childrenunderone-year-old,forfree.Afewbasicrules:Pleasefollowtheinstructionsofthestaff.Weencouragewalkinginsteadofrunning.Childrenmustalwaysbeaccompaniedbytheiradults.Someexhibitshaveagerestrictions.Bemindfulofsigns.Bemindfulofothervisitorsinthespacewhentakingphotos.Address:395SantaMonicaPl.;Nearbybusstopsareon2ndStreetandBroadwayor4thStreet.Generalpublic:Monday-Sunday10am-5pmClosedTuesdayMemberaccess:Monday-Saturday9-10amClosedTuesdayParking:Parkingisavailableintheparkingstructures.Thefirst90minutesofparkingisfree.1.WhatisthegoaloftheCaytonChildren’sMuseum?A.Toexpandthelocalculture.B.Togivekidsmoreeducation.C.Tocreategoodlivingconditions.D.Todevelopchildren’screativity.2.WhatmakestheCaytonChildren’sMuseumspecial?A.Itcoversavarietyofthemes.B.Ithascloselylinkedexhibitareas.C.Allexhibitsareavailabletokidsofallages.D.ChildrenandparentscanaccesstheCaytonseparately.3.WhatcanwelearnabouttheCaytonChildren’sMuseum?A.YoucanvisitthemuseumonTuesday.B.Youcanparkthereforfreefortwohours.C.Youhaveachancetotakeahelicopterride.D.YoucangetoffatBroadwaytovisitthemuseum.【答案】1.D2.A3.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇應用文。文章主要提供了關于Cayton兒童博物館的詳細信息，包括其宗旨、設施、展覽、門票價格、規則、開放時間、地址和停車詳情等，目的是向讀者介紹該博物館，幫助他們決定是否前往參觀。【1題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章第一段“TheCaytonChildren’sMuseumisanon-profitorganizationthatactivatesthepowerofplaytoenrichthelivesofchildrenandtheirfamilies,buildstronger,moreconnectedcommunities,andcreateabetterworld.(Cayton兒童博物館是一個非營利性組織，它發揮玩耍的力量，豐富孩子們及其家庭的生活，打造更強大、更緊密相連的社區，并創造一個更美好的世界。)”以及第二段“Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.(該博物館擁有五個獨立的展覽區，涵蓋的主題從想象力和創造力到對職業和世界的了解。)”可知，該博物館通過玩耍的力量來豐富孩子及其家庭的生活，并且博物館的展覽涵蓋了從想象力和創造力到對職業和世界的學習等主題，這體現了博物館致力于發展孩子們的創造力。故選D。【2題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第二段“Themuseumishometo5separateexhibitwingsthatcovertopicsfromimaginationandcreativitytolearningaboutcareersandtheworld.(該博物館擁有五個獨立的展覽區，涵蓋的主題從想象力和創造力到對職業和世界的了解。)”可知，該博物館有5個獨立的展覽區，涵蓋了從想象力和創造力到職業和世界認知等多個主題，這體現了其主題的多樣性，是其特別之處。故選A。【3題詳析】細節理解題。根據文章倒數第四段“Address:395SantaMonicaPl.;Nearbybusstopsareon2ndStreetandBroadwayor4thStreet.(地址：圣莫尼卡廣場395號；附近的公交站點位于第二大街和百老匯交匯處，或第四大街。)”可知，附近的公交站點在第二大街和百老匯或第四大街，所以可以在百老匯下車去參觀博物館。故選D。BIcarriedtheflame(火焰)in1984inthetorchrelay(火炬傳遞)asitmadeitswayacrossthecountrytotheOlympicsinLosAngeles.Whatagreathonouritwas.Iwasn’tsomesuccessfulOlympicathlete.IonlycarrieditthroughacornerofConnecticut.MydaddidsomevoluntaryworkfortheOlympicsthatyear,andhethoughtitwassomethingIwouldenjoy.LetmegobacktothatnightinMay,1984.TheflamehadjustbegunitsrouteacrossAmerica,covering15,000kilometres.ThatfirstdayitmovedslowlyfromNewYork,eachrunnercarryingitforakilometre.Someoftherunnerswerelegendary,likethegranddaughterofgoldmedalistJesseOwen.Otherswerecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersofthecause.Ihadbeensentauniformandtheofficialtorch.IhelditasIstoodwaitingintheduskfortheflametoarrive.Partofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunnerstocoverthatenormousdistance?Otherpeoplegatheredtogetherinthedarkonthesidewalk.Whatwouldtheysee?Allatonceithappened.Arunnerappearedandlitmytorch.Iwassentonmyway,joggingdownthehighway.IfIhadworriedaboutfindingmywayinthedark,therewasnoquestionnow.Peoplelinedtheroad,clappingandshoutingasIpassed.Actually,itwasnotformebutforthefreeexpressionofathleticskill;thecelebrationoftalentanddedication.Alltoosoonitwasover.Butnotreallyover.Ipassedtheflameontothenextrunner,whowouldpassitalongtothenextandnextuntilitfinallyreachedgoldmedalistRaferJohnsonwhowouldcarryitintotheL.A.Coliseum.HowluckyIwastoplayapart!ButIthinkweallhavetheseopportunitiestocarrythetorch,forweareallthelightoftheworld.Therefore,whynotletyourlightshine?4.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“thecause”inParagraph2referto?A.TheOlympicGames. B.Thevoluntarywork.C.Thesuccessfulathletes. D.Thefiercecompetition.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenwaitingfortheflametoarrive?A.Frightened. B.Concerned.C.Excited. D.Disappointed.6.Whydidtheauthorthinkthepeopleonthesidewalkshouted?A.TocheerfortheOlympicspirits. B.Toencouragehimtomoveon.C.Toshowtheirrespectforhim. D.Topraisethecareerhechose.7.Whatcanweinferabouttheauthorfromthetext?A.Heappliedforthetorchrelaybyhimself.B.Hepreferredtoseeotherscarrythetorch.C.Hefeltproudofhavingsuchanexperience.D.Headvisedustovalueeverychancewehave.【答案】4.A5.B6.A7.C【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者在1984年作為火炬手參與洛杉磯奧運會火炬傳遞的經歷，作者雖然只是傳遞了康涅狄格州的一個角落，但深感榮幸，并意識到每個人都有機會傳遞“火炬”，成為世界之光，鼓勵大家讓自己的光芒閃耀。【4題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據文章第一段中的“Icarriedtheflame(火焰)in1984inthetorchrelay(火炬傳遞)asitmadeitswayacrossthecountrytotheOlympicsinLosAngeles.(1984年，我在火炬接力中攜帶火炬穿越全國前往洛杉磯奧運會。)”以及第二段中的“TheflamehadjustbegunitsrouteacrossAmerica,covering15,000kilometres.ThatfirstdayitmovedslowlyfromNewYork,eachrunnercarryingitforakilometre.Someoftherunnerswerelegendary,likethegranddaughterofgoldmedalistJesseOwen.Otherswerecommonpeoplelikemeandsupportersofthecause.(火焰剛剛開始穿越美國的旅程，行程15,000公里。第一天，它從紐約緩慢出發，每位火炬手跑一公里。有些火炬手是傳奇人物，比如金牌得主杰西·歐文斯的孫女。其他人則像我這樣的普通人，都是這項事業的支持者。)”可知，火炬傳遞是為了奧運會，而像作者這樣的普通人也是這項“事業”（即奧運會）的支持者，所以“thecause”指的是“奧運會”。故選A項。【5題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第三段中的“IhelditasIstoodwaitingintheduskfortheflametoarrive.Partofmewonderedifitwouldevenarrive.Wouldtheyeverfindenoughrunnerstocoverthatenormousdistance?Otherpeoplegatheredtogetherinthedarkonthesidewalk.Whatwouldtheysee?(我手持火炬，站在黃昏中等待火焰的到來。我內心的一部分在想，它是否會到來。他們能找到足夠的火炬手來跑完這么長的距離嗎？其他人聚集在黑暗中的人行道上。他們會看到什么呢？)”可知，作者在等待火焰到來時內心有疑惑，擔心火焰是否會到來，也擔心是否能找到足夠的火炬手，說明作者當時是擔憂的、關心的。故選B項。【6題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章第四段中的“Peoplelinedtheroad,clappingandshoutingasIpassed.Actually,itwasnotformebutforthefreeexpressionofathleticskill;thecelebrationoftalentanddedication.(人們站在道路兩旁，當我經過時鼓掌和歡呼。實際上，這不是為了我，而是為了自由表達運動技能；是為了慶祝天賦和奉獻精神。)”可知，作者認為路邊的人歡呼不是為了他個人，而是為了奧林匹克精神，即自由表達運動技能，慶祝天賦和奉獻精神。由此可推知，作者認為路邊的人歡呼是為了給奧林匹克精神加油。故選A項。【7題詳析】推理判斷題。根據文章最后一段“HowluckyIwastoplayapart!ButIthinkweallhavetheseopportunitiestocarrythetorch,forweareallthelightoftheworld.Therefore,whynotletyourlightshine?(我能參與其中是多么幸運啊！但我認為我們都有機會傳遞火炬，因為我們都是世界之光。因此，為什么不讓你自己的光芒閃耀呢？)”可知，作者認為能參與火炬傳遞很幸運，并鼓勵大家像火炬手一樣，讓自己的光芒閃耀，由此可推知，作者為有這樣的經歷感到自豪。故選C項。CDifferentdietaryhabitsandfoodconsumptionhavetheirowngeographical(地理的)distribution,especiallyinChina.TheChinesepeoplehavedevelopedmanytraditionalfoodsthroughtheirlonghistoryandalsoledtoarichanddiversefoodculture.Duetothegeographicalenvironment,therearesomedietaryandculturaldifferencesbetweenNorthernandSouthernChina.Becauseofthecoldandthevastnessoftheplain,NortheastChinagrowmanycold-resistantcrops,whichbecomethebaseforNortheasterncuisine.DiSanXianisthemostdistinctivedishinNortheastChina,whichconsistsofpotatoes,eggplantsandgreenpeppers.NortheastChinesedishesfeaturelargequantityandfullness,whichmaycomefromtheheroiccharacteristicsoftheNortheastpeople.LocatedinthesouthernpartofChina,Guangdongisarelativelywarmandhumid(潮濕的)region.Duetotheclimate,theleadingfoodinGuangdonghasbeentropicalcropssuchasricesinceancienttimes.ThesteamedricenoodlerollorChangFen,atraditionalCantonesefood,hasseveralcharacteristicsbroughtbythegeographicalenvironmentofGuangdong.Inthisdish,starch(淀粉),riceflourandwateraremixedtoformapaste.Thenthepasteisspreadacrossamulti-layeredboxorclothtosteamandenhancedwithmeat,fishorshrimp.SichuanislocatedinthemiddleofChina.ItsmaingeographicalfeatureistheSichuanBasin.ThebasinnatureofSichuanmeansthatitissurroundedbyhighmountainswithhightemperaturesandhumidity.SincepepperswereintroducedintoChina,SichuanhasbeenthecapitalofspicyfoodinChinabecauseitsuniquegeographicalenvironmentisverysuitableforthegrowthofpeppers.PeppersareoftenusedtocookSichuandishes,andchickenwithchilies,orLaZiJi,isapopularone.Chicken,salt,peppersandothersimpleingredientscancookadeliciouslyspicymeal.Thespicyflavorcanalsostimulatepeople’sappetite.8.WhatdoweknowaboutthecropsusedinDiSanXianfromparagraph2?A.Theyareveryeasytocook.B.TheyarenativetoNortheastChina.C.Theyareresistanttocoldweather.D.Theyarecheaperthanothervegetables.9.WhichaspectofChangFendoesparagraph3focuson?A.Itstrueorigin. B.Itshealthbenefits.C.Itscookingprocess. D.Itsmajorfeatures.10.WhatroledidtheintroductionofpeppersplayinSichuan?A.Itledtothepopularityofspicydishesthere.B.ItcausedadeclineintraditionalSichuancuisine.C.IttransformedSichuanintoamajorspiceexporter.D.ItmadeSichuancuisinepopularinNorthernChina.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.Everycountryhasitsownuniquefood.B.Eachplacehasitsgeographicalfeatures.C.Peoplehavedifferentconsumptionhabits.D.Geographycanaffectpeople’sdietaryhabits.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.D【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了中國不同地區由于地理環境的差異，形成了不同的飲食習慣和飲食文化，通過舉例東北、廣東、四川等地的特色食物，說明了地理環境對飲食的影響。【8題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段“Becauseofthecoldandthevastnessoftheplain,NortheastChinagrowmanycold-resistantcrops,whichbecomethebaseforNortheasterncuisine.DiSanXianisthemostdistinctivedishinNortheastChina,whichconsistsofpotatoes,eggplantsandgreenpeppers.(由于寒冷的氣候和平原的廣袤，中國東北種植了許多耐寒作物，這些作物成為了東北菜的基礎。地三鮮是中國東北最具特色的菜肴，由土豆、茄子和青椒組成)”可知，用于制作地三鮮的作物是耐寒的。故選C。【9題詳析】主旨大意題。根據第三段“ThesteamedricenoodlerollorChangFen,atraditionalCantonesefood,hasseveralcharacteristicsbroughtbythegeographicalenvironmentofGuangdong.Inthisdish,starch(淀粉),riceflourandwateraremixedtoformapaste.Thenthepasteisspreadacrossamulti-layeredboxorclothtosteamandenhancedwithmeat,fishorshrimp.(腸粉，一種傳統的廣東食物，具有廣東地理環境帶來的幾個特點。在這道菜中，淀粉、米粉和水混合形成面糊。然后將面糊鋪在多層盒子或布上蒸制，并加入肉、魚或蝦來提升口感)”可知，該段重點描述了腸粉的制作過程。故選C。【10題詳析】細節理解題。根據第四段“SincepepperswereintroducedintoChina,SichuanhasbeenthecapitalofspicyfoodinChinabecauseitsuniquegeographicalenvironmentisverysuitableforthegrowthofpeppers.PeppersareoftenusedtocookSichuandishes,andchickenwithchilies,orLaZiJi,isapopularone.(自從辣椒傳入中國以來，四川一直是中國的辣味美食之都，因為其獨特的地理環境非常適合辣椒的生長。辣椒經常被用于烹飪四川菜，辣子雞就是一道很受歡迎的菜)”可知，辣椒的引入使得四川的辣味菜肴流行起來。故選A。【11題詳析】主旨大意題。文章開篇指出不同的飲食習慣和食物消費有各自的地理分布，尤其是在中國，由于地理環境的原因，中國南北存在飲食和文化差異，然后分別舉例東北、廣東、四川的特色食物及其與地理環境的關系。D選項“Geographycanaffectpeople’sdietaryhabits.”（地理會影響人們的飲食習慣），符合文章主旨。故選D。DSeaturtles(海龜)livelifeonthemove.Adultseaturtlesmoverepeatedlybetweenfeedingandbreeding(繁殖)areas.Sothequestionnaturallyarises:Howdoturtlesguidetheirjourneysacrossvastwaterwithoutlandmarks?Thirtyyearsofworkwithturtleshasprovidedaframeworkforunderstandingthoseremarkabletravels.Aseaturtle’sfirstmigrationseemsasimpletask:swimmingtowardtheopenoceanandawayfromland.Newlyhatchedseaturtlescannotseethedirectionoftheopenocean.Whenenteringthesea,theydiveunderthesurface,usewatermotioncausedbywavestodeterminethedirection,andthenswimdirectlytowardopenwater.Seaturtlescanalsokeepacourseinonedirectionusingbiologicalcompassesbasedonthesun’sortheearth’smagneticfield(磁場).Foryoungturtles,however,acompassaloneisn’tenoughtokeepthemsafe.Fortunately,theearth’smagneticfieldprovidesturtleswithamap.Severalmagneticfeaturesaregeographicallydifferentsothateveryplacehasitsownmagneticaddress,whichallowsseaturtlestosensetheirpresentmagneticaddressesandsetcourseforthemagneticaddressesoftheirdestinations.Seaturtlesarebornwiththeabilitytorecognizespecificmagneticaddressesintheoceanandtoswimindirectionsthatkeepthemsafe.Forexample,Floridaturtlesdon’ttraveltoofarnorthintodangerouscoldwaters.Theamazingmagneticnavigation(導航)ofturtlesisofimportance.Conservationistsneedtomakesurethatturtlescanrecognizetheirbirthplaceandthefeedingareainanaturalmagneticenvironment.AnimalsprogrammedtomigrateintheAtlanticOceanareunlikelytonavigateproperlyinthePacificandviceversa.Ifresearcherskeepsuchneedsinmind,itseemslikelythatthesameskillsthatguidedturtlesforthelast120millionyearswillkeepthemontrackforthenext120millionyears.12.Whyisthequestionraisedinthefirstparagraph?A.Tomakeaprediction.B.Tocomeupwithasolution.C.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.D.Todescribeseaturtles’lifecycle.13.Whatdoweknowaboutnewbornseaturtlesfromparagraph2?A.Theirmotionchangeshowwavesaremoving.B.Theycandirectlyidentifytheocean’sdirection.C.Theirjourneytotheopenoceanisquitesimple.D.Theyrelyonseawavestofigureoutthedirection.14.Whatdoesthe“map”mentionedinparagraph3referto?A.Approachestoescapingfromenemies.B.Potentialdangersofseaturtles’journeys.C.Specificchangesofseaturtles’destinations.D.Signalsofferedbyeacharea’smagneticfeatures.15.Inwhichaspectdoesstudyingturtles’magneticnavigationplayanimportantrole?A.Protectingthespecies.B.Recognizingseaanimals.C.Collectingmoreturtles.D.Improvingseaconditions.【答案】12.C13.D14.D15.A【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文，文章介紹了海龜是如何在沒有地標的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導自己的旅程的。【12題詳析】推理判斷題。根據第一段中“Sothequestionnaturallyarises:Howdoturtlesguidetheirjourneysacrossvastwaterwithoutlandmarks?Thirtyyearsofworkwithturtleshasprovidedaframeworkforunderstandingthoseremarkabletravels.(所以問題自然產生了：海龜是如何在沒有地標的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導自己的旅程的？三十年來對海龜的研究為理解這些非凡的旅行提供了一個框架)”可知，第一段提出問題：海龜是如何在沒有地標的情況下在廣闊的水域中引導自己的旅程的？下文主要是圍繞該問題展開，故第一段提出問題是為了引入文章話題，故選C。【13題詳析】細節理解題。根據第二段中“Newlyhatchedseaturtlescannotseethedirectionoftheopenocean.Whenenteringthesea,theydiveunderthesurface,usewatermotioncausedbywavestodeterminethedirection,andthenswimdirectlytowardopenwater.(剛孵出的海龜看不見大海的方向。入海時，它們潛入水面下，利用波浪引起的水運動來確定方向，然后直接向開闊的水域游去)”可知，剛孵出的海龜依靠海浪來確定方向，故選D。【14題詳析】詞句猜測題。根據第三段中“Fortunately,theearth’smagneticfieldprovidesturtleswithamap.Severalmagneticfeaturesaregeographicallydifferentsothateveryplacehasitsownmagneticaddress,whichallowsseaturtlestosensetheirpresentmagneticaddressesandsetcourseforthemagneticaddressesoftheirdestinations.Seaturtlesarebornwiththeabilitytorecognizespecificmagneticaddressesintheoceanandtoswimindirectionsthatkeepthemsafe.(幸運的是，地球磁場為海龜提供了地圖。一些磁場特征在地理上是不同的，所以每個地方都有自己的磁場地址，這使得海龜可以感知它們當前的磁場地址，并為它們的目的地設置磁場地址。海龜天生就有識別海洋中特定磁場地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向)”可知，每個地方都有不同的磁場地址，海龜天生就有識別海洋中特定磁場地址的能力，并能游向安全的方向，所以“地圖”指的是“每個區域的磁場特征所提供的信號”，故選D。【15題詳析】推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Conservationistsneedtomakesurethatturtlescanrecognizetheirbirthplaceandthefeedingareainanaturalmagneticenvironment.AnimalsprogrammedtomigrateintheAtlanticOceanareunlikelytonavigateproperlyinthePacificandviceversa.Ifresearcherskeepsuchneedsinmind,itseemslikelythatthesameskillsthatguidedturtlesforthelast120millionyearswillkeepthemontrackforthenext120millionyears.(自然資源保護主義者需要確保海龜能夠在自然磁場環境中識別自己的出生地和覓食區域。在大西洋遷徙的動物不太可能在太平洋正確地導航，反之亦然。如果研究人員牢記這些需求，那么在過去的1.2億年里指引海龜的技能很可能會在未來的1.2億年里讓它們走上正軌)”可知，研究海龜的磁導航在未來保護海龜物種方面起著重要的作用，故選A。第二節(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。HownottobeboredwhenyouhavetowaitItravelalot.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.____16____Itistheconstantwaiting.WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andwaitonandon.Foryears,IhavetriedtodesignmylifeinsuchawaytolowerhowmuchtimeIhavetospendwaiting:Iaskforthecheckassoonastheserverbringsmemylunch;Ihaveallthesubscriptions(訂閱)thathelptostreamlineone’spassagethroughtheairport;____17____Nodoubtmywaitingtimeisasmallerpartofwhatitusedtobe.Butrecently,Ihaverealizedthatmystrategyhelpsjustalittle,justforawhile.Despitemanyimprovements,I’mnotanylesstroubledbythewaitingIstillhavetoendure.Anotherwaitingstrategymostpeoplehaveturnedtooflateisdistractionbyelectronicdevices.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork.____18____Therootproblemwithwaitingforsomethingwewantisthatitproducestwoconditionsthathumanshate:boredomandlackofautonomy(獨立自主).Onewayofunderstandingboredomisthatit’sastateinwhichyoufailtofindmeaning.Standinginline,knowingthatyou’redoingsotogetordosomethingbutarebeingforcedtospendthetimeunproductively,iswhatfeelsmeaningless.____19____Itmeansthatyourbehaviorcan’tchangethesituationathand.Thinkofthelasttimeyouwaitedatanairportforalong-delayedflight,andtheannoyancethatcamefromnotbeingabletodoanythingaboutitexceptwait.Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneselftolivebetterinaworldofwaiting.____20____Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworld,becauseitisfailinginsomewaytoconform(符合)toourpreferencesandconvenience.Todosoislikecanoeingdownariverandrailingagainstthewindingcourseittakes.Whynotsimplyfollowthosebendsasbestwecan?A.Infact,itmightnotworkatall.B.Wewanttobeincontrolofourlives.C.Waitingalsolowersyoursenseofautonomy.D.Butthereisonethingabouttravelthatannoysme.E.Ichoosehotelsthathaveself-servicecheck-infacilities.F.Itleadsustothinkabouttherootproblemwithwaiting.G.Thatinsightcanapplynotjusttowaitingbuttolifeitself.【答案】16.D17.E18.A19.C20.G【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了旅行中令人厭煩的等待問題。作者嘗試多種策略減少等待時間，分析等待帶來厭煩和缺乏自主性的原因，最終指出改變自己是降低等待痛苦的最佳方式，且這種見解同樣適用于生活。【16題詳析】根據上文“Itravelalot.Ontheopenroadarealwaysinterestingpeopleandnewplaces.(我經常旅行。在路上總是有有趣的人和新的地方。)”以及下文“Itistheconstantwaiting.WhenItravel,Iwaittoboardtheplane,waitinrestaurants,waittocheckintohotels,andwaitonandon.(就是持續不斷的等待。當我旅行時，我等待登機，在餐館等待，等待入住酒店，等等。)”可知，這里需要一個句子來引出旅行中讓人煩惱的等待這一話題。D選項“Butthereisonethingabouttravelthatannoysme.(但是關于旅行有一件事讓我煩惱。)”，承上啟下。故選D項。【17題詳析】根據上文“Foryears,IhavetriedtodesignmylifeinsuchawaytolowerhowmuchtimeIhavetospendwaiting:Iaskforthecheckassoonastheserverbringsmemylunch;Ihaveallthesubscriptions(訂閱)thathelptostreamlineone’spassagethroughtheairport;(多年來，我一直試圖以一種方式來規劃我的生活，以減少我必須花費在等待上的時間：服務員一給我上午餐我就要求結賬；我訂閱了所有有助于簡化通過機場流程的服務；)”可知，這里是在舉例說明作者為減少等待時間所做的事情。E選項“Ichoosehotelsthathaveself-servicecheck-infacilities.(我選擇有自助入住設施的酒店。)”，也是減少等待時間的具體做法，與上文并列。故選E項。【18題詳析】根據上文“Anotherwaitingstrategymostpeoplehaveturnedtooflateisdistractionbyelectronicdevices.Youmightthinkthatthissolutionmustwork.(最近大多數人采用的另一種等待策略是通過電子設備來分散注意力。你可能認為這個解決方案一定有效。)”可知，這里提到了人們認為通過電子設備分散注意力的等待策略有效，而下文應該是對這種觀點的反駁。A選項“Infact,itmightnotworkatall.(事實上，它可能根本不起作用。)”與上文形成轉折，符合語境。故選A項。【19題詳析】根據下文“Itmeansthatyourbehaviorcan’tchangethesituationathand.Thinkofthelasttimeyouwaitedatanairportforalong-delayedflight,andtheannoyancethatcamefromnotbeingabletodoanythingaboutitexceptwait.(這意味著你的行為無法改變眼前的情況。想想你上次在機場等待長時間延誤的航班時，那種除了等待什么也做不了的煩惱。)”可知，這里在說等待會讓人感覺缺乏自主性。C選項“Waitingalsolowersyoursenseofautonomy.(等待也會降低你的自主感。)”，能夠概括本段主旨。故選C項。【20題詳析】根據上文“Thebestwaytolowerthemiseryofwaiting,then,turnsouttobenottochangetheworldbuttochangeoneselftolivebetterinaworldofwaiting.(那么，減輕等待痛苦的最好方法，結果不是改變世界，而是改變自己，以便在一個充滿等待的世界里生活得更好。)”以及下文“Mostofusgoaboutourdaysfeelingdissatisfiedwiththeworld,becauseitisfailinginsomewaytoconform(符合)toourpreferencesandconvenience.Todosoislikecanoeingdownariverandrailingagainstthewindingcourseittakes.Whynotsimplyfollowthosebendsasbestwecan?(我們大多數人每天都對這個世界感到不滿，因為它在某些方面不符合我們的喜好和便利。這樣做就像在河上劃獨木舟，卻抱怨它蜿蜒的路線。為什么不盡我們所能順著那些彎道走呢？)”可知，這里在說這種改變自己適應等待的見解不僅適用于等待，也適用于生活。G選項“Thatinsightcanapplynotjusttowaitingbuttolifeitself.(這種見解不僅適用于等待，也適用于生活本身。)”，承上啟下。故選G項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節，滿分30分)第一節(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。JamesGaileyhadalreadyretired(退休).At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexascommunityofCallisburg.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionof____21____totheworkforce,hehadno____22____whenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’t____23____thatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).Threestudents____24____todosomethingaboutthe____25____.GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’s____26____ontheInternet.“No80-year-oldshouldhaveto____27____becausetheyhaveto,”saidTidwell.“Itshouldbeoutoftheirownwill.ItupsetusthatGaileyhadtoworktokeephis____28____.”Whenthestudentsstartedtheactivity,their____29____wastogetGaileysomeextra____30____tohelpwithhisrentissues.Ninedayslater,theyraised$270,000“It’samazing,”saidJasonHooper,theprincipalofCallisburgHighSchool.“Theneedwas____31____becauseofthreekindkids.”Manyofthe____32____ontheGoFundMepagewerefromstudentsandstaffatCallisburgHighSchool.Gaileyhadonlyworkedforamonthbeforethestudents____33____tohelphimreturntoretirement.AccordingtoHooper,notimetablewassetforGaileyto____34____theschool.“Itis____35____toseesomethinglikethat.Weknewpeoplewouldwanttohelp,”saidYusko.“Butwedidn’tknowitwouldblowup.”21.A.adapting B.returning C.turning D.contributing22.A.choice B.excuse C.problem D.view23.A.question B.share C.cut D.afford24.A.pretended B.feared C.decided D.remembered25.A.interview B.situation C.survey D.competition26.A.doubt B.advantage C.chance D.difficulty27.A.work B.forgive C.explain D.help28.A.job B.strength C.house D.word29.A.advice B.goal C.approach D.challenge30.A.courage B.space C.time D.money31.A.accepted B.stressed C.avoided D.met32.A.donations B.updates C.comments D.stories33.A.wenton B.steppedin C.sloweddown D.gaveup34.A.leave B.finish C.support D.visit35.A.free B.crazy C.embarrassing D.concerning【答案】21.B22.A23.D24.C25.B26.D27.A28.C29.B30.D31.D32.A33.B34.A35.B【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了三個學生為幫助退休老人支付房租而發起募捐活動。【21題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管蓋利沒有重返職場的打算，但當他的月租金上漲了400美元時，他別無選擇。A.adapting適應；B.returning返回；C.turning轉動；D.contributing貢獻。根據上文“JamesGaileyhadalreadyretired(退休).At80yearsold,hewasenjoyingtimeintheNorthTexascommunityofCallisburg.AlthoughGaileyhadnointentionof”可知，蓋利已經退休，所以這里是沒有“返回”職場的打算。故選B。【22題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：盡管蓋利沒有重返職場的打算，但當他的月租金上漲了400美元時，他別無選擇。A.choice選擇；B.excuse借口；C.problem問題；D.view觀點。根據下文“whenhismonthlyrentwasraisedby$400.Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，他因為付不起上漲的房租而選擇去當看門人，說明他別無選擇，havenochoice意為“別無選擇”。故選A。【23題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：由于他付不起這筆費用，他開始在學校當看門人。A.question提問；B.share分享；C.cut削減；D.afford負擔得起。根據下文“hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，他開始當看門人，說明他付不起上漲的房租，afford意為“負擔得起”，符合語境。故選D。【24題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：三名學生決定對這種情況采取一些措施。A.pretended假裝；B.feared害怕；C.decided決定；D.remembered記得。根據下文“GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’sontheInternet.”可知，三名學生創建了一個GoFundMe頁面，并在網上分享了蓋利的困難，說明他們決定采取一些措施來幫助蓋利，decidetodosth.意為“決定做某事”，符合語境。故選C。【25題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：三名學生決定對這種情況采取一些措施。A.interview采訪；B.situation情況；C.survey調查；D.competition競爭。根據上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”和下文“GreysonThurman,BannerTidwell,andMartiYuskocreatedaGoFundMepageandsharedGailey’sontheInternet.”可知，這里指的是蓋利因為房租上漲不得不重新工作的這種“情況”。故選B。【26題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：格雷森·瑟曼、班納·蒂德韋爾和馬蒂·尤斯科創建了一個GoFundMe頁面，并在網上分享了蓋利的困難。A.doubt懷疑；B.advantage優勢；C.chance機會；D.difficulty困難。根據上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，蓋利因為房租問題不得不重新工作，這是他面臨的“困難”，學生們在網上分享的就是他的這個困難。故選D。【27題詳析】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“任何80歲的老人都不應該因為生活所迫而不得不工作，”蒂德韋爾說。A.work工作；B.forgive原諒；C.explain解釋；D.help幫助。根據上文“No80-year-oldshouldhaveto”和下文“becausetheyhaveto”可知，這里說的是80歲的老人不應該因為生活所迫而“工作”。故選A。【28題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：蓋利為了保住自己的房子而不得不工作，這讓我們很沮喪。A.job工作；B.strength力量；C.house房子；D.word話語。根據上文“Sincehecouldn’tthatcost,hestartedworkingasaschooljanitor(看門人).”可知，由于他付不起房租，他開始在學校當看門人，說明他為了保住房子而不得不工作，符合語境。故選C。【29題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當學生們開始這項活動時，他們的目標是籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題。A.advice建議；B.goal目標；C.approach方法；D.challenge挑戰。根據下文“togetGaileysomeextratohelpwithhisrentissues.”可知，籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題是學生們開始這項活動的目標。故選B。【30題詳析】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當學生們開始這項活動時，他們的目標是籌集一些額外的錢來幫助蓋利解決房租問題。A.courage勇氣；B.space空間；C.time時間；D.money錢。根據下文“Ninedayslater,theyraised$270,000”可知，九天后，他們籌集了27萬美元，說明他們的目標是籌集一