詞匯課堂Awordisamicrocosmofhumanconsciousness.—Vygotsky版本：新北師單元：選擇性必修四Unit12

(LESSON2—LESSON3)本單元詞匯梳理1.emergee-(out)+merge(tosink)→從沉沒中出來→浮現、出現(基本義)詞塊：emergefrom,thetruthemerge派生詞：emergency2.incidence來自incident詞塊：byincidence3.cluelessclue(線索)+-less(沒有、無)同后綴詞：careless,harmless,countless,regardless等詞塊：becluelessabout4.evaluationevaluate來自evaluation(逆生法)逆生法的詞：editor→edit,historical→historic,sculpture→sculpt5.theoretical來自theory詞塊：theoreticalphysics；派生詞：theoretically6.overcomeover(在上、超過)+come(來到)→趕上、超過敵人、困難等→戰(zhàn)勝、克服詞塊：overcometheenemy/difficulties/challenges,beovercomewithsorrow7.PhD全稱為DoctorofPhilosophy(博士學位)Bachelor’s/Master’sdegree

(學士/碩士學位)8.cosmologycosmos(宇宙)+-logy(……學)同后綴詞：biology,ecology,

psychology等9.grand詞源同great詞塊：theGrandCanyon,TianjinGrandTheatre,thegrandprize10.declinede-(down向下)+cline(to

bend彎、轉)→向下彎曲→下降(基本義)同前綴詞：depress,design,decrease,debate,defeat,define,*deduce隱喻：數量的“下降”→身體狀況的“下降”→衰退意為“拒絕”時是正式用語，對應refusev

詞塊：declineby,declinetodosthn

詞塊：theeconomicdecline,asharp/dramaticdeclinein,declineof11.inspiteof同義詞：despite(despite較文雅一些)12.bonus詞塊：aChristmasbonus,anaddedbonus13.gravitygrav(heavy)+-ity(名詞后綴)詞塊：Newton’slawofgravity重難點詞精講emerge一詞多義declinegrand熟詞生義一詞多義根據漢語，寫出單詞的正確形式。John__________________（出現）fromthebuildingandwalkedtotheparkinglot.appeared/emerged尤用于書面語中emergeemerge構詞：e-（out出來）+merge（tosink沉沒）→從沉沒中出來→浮現、出現（基本義）emergevi

浮現；出現：Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.

（事實、想法等）顯露；暴露(offacts,ideas,etc.)tobecomeknown：課文Allweneedtounderstandisthatcreativeinsightstaketimetogroworemerge.Eventuallythe

truthemerged.

興起tobegintobeknownornoticed：ImpressionismemergedinFrance.人教新選必③–1emerge語義網絡圖事實、想法等“浮現”某種新事物“浮現”，開始被人所知emerge浮現（基本義）人/物等從隱蔽處或暗處“浮現”浮現；出現（事實、想法等）顯露；暴露興起emergencyn[C]&[U]緊急情況；突發(fā)事件；非常時刻：anemergencyexit/call/aidanemergencyroom(AmE)theemergencymedicalteam2021全國拓展構詞：emerge（出現）+-ency（名詞后綴）grandTheGrandCanyon一般指美國科羅拉多大峽谷。科羅拉多大峽谷是世界上最長的峽谷之一，也是地球上自然界七大奇景之一。大峽谷全長約446千米，平均寬度約為16千米，最深處可達2133米，平均深度超過1500米。

雄偉的；壯麗的；盛大的；宏大的：課文InTheGrandDesign,Hawkingarguedthatweshouldlookforadifferentwaytodiscoverthedeepestsecretsoftheuniverse.agrandviewofsunrisetheGrandCanyon

重大的；主要的；（官銜、地位）最高的：thegrandprizethe

GrandOldManofBritishtheatre

［非正式用語］極好的：Walkinginthewoodsisagrandadventure.2021新高考grand詞源：grand詞源同great,強調巨大雄偉的外觀和氣勢。declinedeclinedecline看圖猜詞義減少；下降拒絕v

vi

減少；下降：Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10%lastyear.

vi

衰退；衰落：課文AlthoughHawking’sphysicalabilitiesdeclinedoverdecades,heneverceasedhisstudiesandhedevelopedanumberofnewideasaboutblackholes.Ourbraincandeclineaswegrowolderforlotsofreasons.2020浙江

構詞：de-（down向下）+cline（tobend彎、轉）→向下彎曲→下降（基本義）decline

vi&vt[正式用語]謝絕；拒絕(refuse)：Marydeclined

Jay’sinvitationtodinner.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.2012山東n[C]&[U]減少；下降；衰退；衰落：theeconomicdeclineThereisasharpdeclinein

population.ResearchsuggeststhatnaturaldisastersmayhaveledtothedeclineofMayacivilisation.外研新選必④–5改比refuse正式decline

語義網絡圖decline下降基本義質量、身體狀況“下降”“下降”別人的邀請數量“下降”謝絕；拒絕減少；下降衰退；衰落vn減少；下降；衰退；衰落本單元金句匯總1.Themoonemergedfrombehindtheclouds.2.Eventuallythe

truthemerged.3.Inspiteofmanyinvitations,hewouldalwaysdeclinetovisitOxford.2012山東隨堂檢測emerge寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Awonderfulideaemergedinmymind._____________

2.Manyfactsemergedasaresultoftheinvestigation._____________3.Theculturallifeofthecountrywillsinkintoatrophy（衰退）unlessmorewritersandartistsemerge._____________4.Ithasbeenveryhearteningtoseenewwritingemerging._____________5.OperationalResearchisanewlyemergingsubject._____________浮現/出現暴露/顯露出現/露頭問世/出現新興/興起grand寫出下列句子中畫線部分的漢語釋義。1.Wehadagrandviewofsunrisewhenweclimbedtothetopofthemountain._____________2.Eachgrandprize

winnercantaketwopeopleonthefreetrip.（2020山東改）_____________3.MyparentsthoughtallofthiswasagrandideaandcalledBetsy’sdadwiththeirpermission.（2021新高考）_____________壯麗景色大獎極好的主意在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。1.Thesuperstardeclined__________________(interviewv).2.Theyencouragekidstopolitelydecline__________(do)thingsthattheybelievearewrong.（2014江蘇）

3.Scientistsestimatethatsharkpopulationsintheno