Unit2SportsAndFitness語法(定語從句+不定代詞)導學案(解析版)考點一：關系代詞that清單1：that用作關系代詞，指人或物；在句中作主語、賓語，有時作表語。1.Heisnolongertheman_________hewasfiveyearsago.【解析】1.that。本句中that在定語從句充當表語。故答案是that。清單2：先行詞既為人又為物時，只用that不用which。2.Johntoldhisparentsaboutthecitiesandthepeople_________hehadvisited.【解析】2.that。先行詞既為人又為物時，只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單3：先行詞被序數詞詞或形容詞最高級修飾時，只用that不用which。3.ThefirstEnglishnovel__________IreadwasGoneWithWind.3.Thisisoneofthemostexcitingfootballgames_______Ihaveeverseen.【解析】3.that。先行詞被序數詞修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是toreduce?！窘馕觥?.that。先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單4：先行詞是all,much,little,everything,nothing,anything等不定代詞時，只用that不用which。5.Irefusetoaccepttheblameforsomething_____wassomeoneelse’sfault.(全國2010II)【解析】5.that。先行詞被形容詞最高級修飾只能用that不用which。故答案是that。清單5：先行詞被only,very,little,all等修飾時，只用that不用which。6.Heistheonlyman__________Icanfindforthework.【解析】6.that。限定詞only是關鍵。故答案是that。清單6：that用作關系副詞，作方式狀語（that相當于inwhich，可以省略），先行詞是theway。7.Idon’tliketheway_______youspeaktoher.【解析】7.that。theway在定語從句作方式狀語，故填that。注意此時that可以省略。故答案是that?？键c二：關系代詞which清單1：which用作關系代詞，指物；在句中作主語、賓語8.Ontheedgeofthejacket,thereisapieceofclothgivesofflightinthedark.【解析】8.that/which。本句中that在定語從句充當表語。故答案是that。清單2：which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句或主句一部分，前邊有逗號為標志，that不能。9.Sheandherfamilybicycletowork,_________helpsthemkeepfit.【解析】9.which。which引導非限制性定語從句，先行詞是整個主句，前邊有逗號為標志。故答案是which。清單3：which用于“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指物，如inwhich,bothofwhich等。10.Manylessonsarenowavailableonline,from__________studentscanchooseforfree.【解析】10.which。choosefrom表示“從……選擇”；先行詞是Manylessons，故用which。故答案是which。考點三：關系代詞whose清單1：whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人或物。11.Kae,_________sisterIsharedaroomwithwhenwewereatcollege,hasgonetoworkinAustralia.【解析】11.whose。whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指人。故答案是whose。清單1：whose+名詞=the+名詞+ofwhom/which=ofwhom/which+the+名詞。12.In1963theUNsetuptheWorldFoodProgramme,oneof_______purposesistorelieveworldwidestarvation.13.ThisisMrGreen,___________________helpI’vemadegreatprogressinEnglish.【解析】12.whose。whose用作關系代詞，在定語從句中作定語，先行詞指物。故答案是whose?！窘馕觥?3.withwhose。Withone’shelp表示“在……幫助下”。故答案是withwhose?？键c四：關系代詞as清單1：as用作關系代詞，引導限制性定語從句，作從句的主語、賓語，用于such…as…,so…as…,thesame…as…句型。14.LosAngelesissuchanattractiveplace_______everyonelikestovisit.15.Thisis______difficultaproblem_____noonecanworkout.【解析】14.as。such…as…構成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是as。【解析】15.so;as。so…as…構成限制性定語從句，從句缺少賓語。故答案是so;as。清單1：as用作關系代詞，引導非限制性定語從句，位于主句的前、中、后，強調前后邏輯一致，表示“正如……”，從句多含有see,know,expect,tell,report等動詞。16._________isoftenthecasewithJim,hewasfinedforspeeding.17._______isknowntoeverybody,lighttravelsfasterthansound.18.Theairqualityinthecity,______isshowninthereport,hasimprovedoverthepasttwomonths.【解析】16.As。asisoftenthecasewithsb引導非限制性定語從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As?！窘馕觥?7.As。asweallknow/asisknowntoall引導非限制性定語從句。位于句首或句末。故答案是As。【解析】18.as。as引導的定語從句可以插入到主句中間，如本句。故答案是as。考點五：關系代詞who和whom清單1：關系代詞who在定語從句作主語，先行詞指人。19.Theywerewelltrainedbytheirmastershadgreatexperiencewithcaringfortheseanimals.【解析】19.who。本句先行詞是theirmasters，定語從句缺少主語，故應用who。清單1：關系代詞whom在定語從句作賓語，先行詞指人，可以省略。whom可以用于“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指人，如fromwhom,bywhom等。20.Thesettlementishometonearly1,000people,manyof______lefttheirvillagehomesforabetterlifeinthecity.【解析】20.whom。這是“介詞+關系代詞”結構，先行詞指人，故用whom?？键c六：關系副詞when,where和why清單1：when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語；先行詞是具體時間名詞，如day,month,year還可以是抽象名詞，如age,stay,occasion等。21.Thedaysaregone________physicalstrengthwasallyouneededtomakealiving.22.Wehaveenteredintoanage_______dreamshavethebestchanceofcomingtrue.【解析】21.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。注意本句先行詞Thedays和定語從句沒有緊挨在一起，而是被謂語aregone分隔開，形成分割定語從句。故答案是when。【解析】22.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。清單2：where用作關系副詞，在定語從句作地點狀語；先行詞既可以是具體地點名詞，如school,museum,centre還可以是抽象名詞，如point,case,situation,stage,race,position,job等。23.Self-driving

is

an

area

__________China

and

the

rest

of

the

world

are

on

the

same

startingline.24.Today,we’lldiscusssomecases____________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.【解析】23.where。先行詞an

area在定語從句充當地點狀語，故答案是where?！窘馕觥?4.where。先行詞是抽象名詞cases，定語從句不缺少主語和賓語，應作狀語。故答案是where。清單3：why用作關系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語；why還可以用于Thereasonwhy…isthat…句型。25.Thereason_________Jimfailedtocomewas________hewasseriouslyill.【解析】25.why;that。Thereasonwhy…isthat…是固定句型，表示“之所以……是因為……”。故答案是why;that?？键c七：用關系代詞或是關系副詞清單：先行詞是地點名詞，關系詞不一定用where；先行詞是時間名詞，關系詞不一定用when；先行詞是原因名詞，關系詞不一定用why；竅門：學會分析句子成分，原句含有主謂賓或者不缺少賓語才能用關系副詞；原句缺少主語或賓語才能用關系代詞?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填入1個適當的單詞。26.Doyoustillrememberthedays________westudiedtogether?27.Doyoustillrememberthedays________wespenttogether?28.Isthisthemuseum______youonceworked?29.Isthisthemuseum______youoncevisited?30.Isthisthereason_______hewasabsentfromschoolyesterday?31.Isthisthereason_______hegaveforabsencefromschoolyesterday?【解析】26.when。when用作關系副詞，在定語從句作時間狀語。故答案是when。【解析】27.that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，時間名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which。【解析】28.where。where用作關系副詞，在定語從句作地點狀語。故答案是toreduce。【解析】29.that/which。沒有特別限定，二者都可以，地點名詞在定語從句作賓語。故答案是that/which?！窘馕觥?0.why。why用作關系副詞，在定語從句作原因狀語。故答案是toreduce?！窘馕觥?1.that/which。從句謂語動詞give是及物動詞，從句缺少賓語。故答案是that/which?？键c八：“介詞+關系代詞”結構要點精講：先行詞指人關系代詞用whom，指物關系代詞用which；介詞選擇的原則：一看先行詞詞特殊要求，如toadegree，二看從句謂語動詞搭配，如learnfrom三看整個語境邏輯。特殊結構如inwhichcase,withwhosehelp等?！炯磿r訓練】在空白處填入1個適當的單詞。32.Doyourememberthedaywefirstmet?33.Doyourememberthemonthwefirstmet?34.Thisistheskirtshepaid$100.34.Thisistheskirtshespent$100.36.ThisismyEnglishteacher,I’velearnedalot.37.ThisismyEnglishteacher,helpIcouldn’thavemadesuchrapidprogress.【解析】32.onwhich。“在某一天”介詞用on。故答案是onwhich?！窘馕觥?3.inwhich?！霸谀骋辉隆苯樵~用in。故答案是inwhich?！窘馕觥?4.forwhich。pay…for…是固定詞組。故答案是forwhich?！窘馕觥?5.onwhich。spendmoney/timeon…是固定詞組。故答案是onwhich?！窘馕觥?6.fromwhom。從句謂語含有learnfrom短語。故答案是fromwhom?！窘馕觥?7.withoutwhose。withone’shelp表示“在某人幫助下”，結合語境應用否定形式。故答案是withoutwhose?？键c九：定語從句中的主謂一致要點精講1：先行詞作主語，that/which/who從句謂語動詞和主語保持一致。38.Ifyoulookatallsidesofthesituation,you'llfindprobablyasolutionthat_______(suit)everyone.39.I,who__________(be)yourfriend,canunderstandyou.【解析】38.suits。asolution作主語，謂語動詞應用單數。故答案是suits?！窘馕觥?9.am。定語從句主語是I，對應謂語是am。故答案是am。要點精講2：先行詞是oneof…結構，定語從句謂語用復數；先行詞是theonly/veryoneof…，定語從句謂語用單數。40.Heisoneofthestudentswho________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.41.Heistheonlyoneofthestudentswho______________(praise)atyesterday’smeeting.【解析】40.werepraised。先行詞是oneof…結構，定語從句謂語用復數。故答案是werepraised。【解析】41.waspraised。先行詞是theonly/veryoneof…，定語從句謂語用單數。故答案是waspraised?？键c十：定語從句復雜形式清單：先行詞與定語從句分隔開構成“分割型”定語從句；定語從句與強調句型相結合考查；定語從句與名詞性從句、狀語從句綜合考查；定語從句在閱讀理解和完形填空中多起干擾作用，注意用括號法快速識別達到化繁為簡目的。42.Occasionsarequiterare_________Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.43.Itwasinthebackyard________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables________hedugupastatue.44.Hewrotealotofnovels,manyof_________weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.45.Hewrotealotofnovels,andmanyof_______weretranslatedintoforeignlanguages.46.Anewschoolwillbebuiltin_________isabankruptfactorynow.47.Anewschoolwillbebuilt_________thereisabankruptfactorynow.【解析】42.when。本句是分割定語從句，先行詞是Occasions。故答案是when?！窘馕觥?3.where;that。________myfatherplantedmanyvegetables是定語從句修飾先行詞backyard；后面才是強調句型。故答案是where;that?！窘馕觥?4.which。這是“介詞+關系代詞”結構。故答案是which?！窘馕觥?5.them。and是解題關鍵，表明這是一個并列句。故答案是them?！窘馕觥?6.what。介詞in后面接一個賓語，該從句缺少引導詞和主語，故答案是what?！窘馕觥?7.where。_________thereisabankruptfactorynow在句中作地點狀語。故答案是where。好題再練（一）基礎題用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。1.Thankyouforyourletter,_________reallymademehappy.2.InancientChinalivedanartist________paintingswerealmostlifelike.3.GeorgeOrwell,_______realnamewasEricArthur,wrotemanypoliticalnovelsandessays.4.Faye’sfondestmemoryisoflastyear,__________theclubgaveateapartyforherbirthday.5.Theschoolshop,__________customersaremainlystudents,isclosedfortheholidays.6.Nowadayspeoplearemoreconcernedabouttheenvironment________theylive.7.Shebroughtwithherthreefriends,noneof______Ihadevermetbefore.8.JuliewasgoodatGerman,FrenchandRussian,allof__________shespokefluently.9.You’llfindtaxiswaitingatthebusstation__________youcanhiretoreachyourhostfamily.10.Hismoviewonseveralawardsatthefilmfestival,__________wasbeyondhiswildestdream.【解析】1.which2.whose3.whose4.when5.where6.where7.whom8.which9.which10.which好題再練（二）中檔題用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。11.We’rejusttryingtoreachapoint_________bothsideswillsitdowntogetherandtalk.12.ButSarah,hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswantstoprovethatshehasbrainsaswellasbeauty.13.Theirchildisatthestage__________shecansayindividualwordsbutnotfullsentences.14.NowIreneAstburyworksfrom9amto5pmdailyatthepetshopinMacclesfield,_________sheopenedwithherlatehusbandLes.15.It’shelpfultoputchildreninasituation__________theycanseethemselvesdifferently.16.Barbaraiseasytorecognizeasshe’stheonlyoneofthewomenwho__________(wear)eveningdress.17.InChina,thenumberofcitiesisincreasing__________developmentisrecognizedacrosstheworld.18.Thenewlybuiltcafé,thewallsof__________arepaintedlightgreen,isreallyapeacefulplaceforus,speciallyafterhardwork.19.She’llneverforgetherstaythere__________shefoundhersonwhohadgonemissingtwoyearsbefore.20.Rememberthatthereisstillonepoint_______wemustmakecleartomorrow.【解析】11.where12.who13.where14.which15.where16.wears17.whose18.which19.when20.that/which好題再練（三）拔高題用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。21.TheBeatles,_____manyofyouareoldenoughtoremember,camefromLiverpool.22.Shemightpossiblycome,in_______caseI’llaskher.23.Mypenismissing.I’dliketobuythesamepen_______Ilost.24.Jennyissohappy,forshehasfoundthesamepen______shelostyesterday.25.Samuelsurvivedwhenthecarhewasapassengerinturnedofftheroadandhitatree.26.Anyway,thatevening,______I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachel’splace.27.Thereisnosimpleanswer,________isoftenthecaseinscience.28.Betweenthetwopartsoftheconcertisaninterval,__________theaudiencecanbuyice-cream.29.Alltheneighborsadmirethisfamily,________theparentsaretreatingtheirchildlikeafriend.30.Occasionsarequiterare_______Ihavethetimetospendadaywithmykids.【解析】21.as22.which23.as24.that25.that/which26.which27.as28.when29.where30.when好題再練（四）不定代詞用括號內所給單詞的適當形式填空。31.Overthepast20years,theInternethashelpedchangeourworldin________wayoranotherforthebetter.32.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith_________oftheirparents.33.Nomatterwhereheis,hemakes_________aruletogoforawalkbeforebreakfast.3