20212023年高考英語真題分項解讀及變式匯編16語法填空真題變式題（乙卷原卷版）一、選擇題（每題1分，共5分）1.Whatisthecorrectformoftheverbinthissentence:"IfI_____(be)you,Iwouldnotdothat."?A.wasB.wereC.amD.wouldbe2.Selectthecorrectpastparticipleformoftheverb"write"inthissentence:"Thebook_____(write)afamousauthor."A.wroteB.writtenC.writtenD.hadwritten3.Choosethecorrectformoftheverb"tohave"inthissentence:"Bynextyear,I_____(have)finishedmystudies."A.willhaveB.willbehavingC.amgoingtohaveD.have4.Identifythecorrectformoftheverbinthissentence:"WhileI_____(walk)inthepark,itstartedtorain."A.waswalkingB.walkedC.havebeenwalkingD.amwalking5.Selecttheappropriateformoftheverb"todo"inthissentence:"IwishI_____(do)betteronthetest."A.didB.wouldhavedoneC.haddoneD.couldhavedone二、判斷題（每題1分，共5分）6.Thepastparticipleof"go"is"gone".(True/False)7."Has"isthethirdpersonsingularpresenttenseof"have".(True/False)8."Been"isthepastparticipleof"be".(True/False)9."Did"canbeusedasthepasttenseof"do"forallpersons.(True/False)10."Am"isthefirstpersonsingularpresenttenseof"be".(True/False)三、填空題（每題1分，共5分）11.Fillintheblankwiththecorrectformoftheverb:"IfI_____(know)theanswer,Iwouldtellyou."12.Completethesentencewiththecorrectpastparticipleformoftheverb"see":"Themovie_____(see)millionsofpeople."13.Supplythecorrectformoftheverb"tobe"inthissentence:"Bythetimeyouarrive,thedinner_____(be)ready."14.Inserttheappropriateformoftheverb"tohave"inthissentence:"They_____(have)apartylastnight."15.Providethecorrectformoftheverb"todo"inthissentence:"I_____(do)myhomeworkwhenyoucalled."四、簡答題（每題2分，共10分）16.Explainthedifferencebetween"Idid"and"Ihavedone".17.Describetheuseof"haddone"inasentence.18.Whatisthepastparticipleformof"go"andhowisitused?19.Giveanexampleofasentenceusingthepresentperfecttense.20.Explainthedifferencebetween"Iamdoing"and"Ihavedone".五、應用題（每題2分，共10分）21.Rewritethesentenceusingthecorrectformoftheverb:"IfIhavetime,Iwillgotothestore."22.Convertthesentencetothepasttense:"Theyareplayingfootballinthepark."23.Changethesentencetothepresentperfecttense:"Shewatchedamovielastnight."24.Modifythesentenceusingthecorrectformoftheverb:"Bynextyear,Iwillhavegraduatedfromuniversity."25.Rewritethesentenceusingthecorrectformoftheverb:"WhileIwaswalkingtoschool,itstartedtorain."六、分析題（每題5分，共10分）26.Analyzethesentenceandexplaintheuseofthepastparticiple:"Thebookwrittenthefamousauthorisverypopular."27.Discusstheuseofthepresentperfecttenseinthefollowingsentence:"Ihaveneverseensuchabeautifulsunsetbefore."七、實踐操作題（每題5分，共10分）28.Correcttheerrorsinthefollowingsentence:"WhenIhavegonetothestore,Iboughtsomegroceries."29.Rewritethesentenceusingthecorrectformoftheverb:"Bythetimeyouwillarrive,thedinnerwillbeready."八、專業設計題（每題2分，共10分）30.DesignasimplecircuitthatusesatransistorasaswitchtocontrolanLED.31.Createabasicflowchartforaprogramthatcalculatestheaverageofalistofnumbers.32.Sketchadiagramofasimplewaterfiltrationsystemusingsandandgravel.33.DesignabasicstructureforaDNAextractionprotocolusinghouseholdmaterials.34.Outlinethestepsforasimpleexperimenttotesttheeffectoftemperatureontherateofchemicalreaction.九、概念解釋題（每題2分，共10分）36.Definetheterm"enzyme"anddescribeitsroleinbiologicalreactions.37.Whatisacondenserinarefrigerator,andhowdoesitwork?38.Describetheprincipleofconservationofenergy.39.Whatisthegreenhouseeffect,andhowdoesitcontributetoglobalwarming?十、思考題（每題2分，共10分）40.Howwouldyouuseamicroscopetoobservethestructureofacell?41.Ifyouhadamixtureofsaltandsand,howwouldyouseparatethem?42.Howcanyoudeterminethedensityofanirregularlyshapedobject?43.Whatarethestepsyouwouldtaketodesignasimplerobot?44.Howwouldyouinvestigatetheeffectofdifferentfertilizersonplantgrowth?十一、社會擴展題（每題3分，共15分）45.Discusstheimpactofrenewableenergysourcesontheenvironment.46.Howcanartificialintelligencebeusedtoimprovehealthcare?47.Whatarethechallengesandbenefitsofurbangardeningindenselypopulatedareas?48.Explorethepotentialof3Dprintinginthefieldofarchitecture.49.Discusstheroleofsocialmediainshapingpublicopiniononscientifictopics.一、選擇題答案：1.B2.C3.A4.D5.B二、判斷題答案：6.True7.False8.True9.False10.True三、填空題答案：11.photosynthesis12.acceleration13.ohm'slaw14.reflection15.osmosis四、簡答題答案：16.Thethreelawsofmotionare:1)Anobjectatreststaysatrestandanobjectinmotionstaysinmotionwiththesamespeedandinthesamedirectionunlessacteduponanexternalforce.2)Theaccelerationofanobjectisdirectlyproportionaltothenetforceactingonitandinverselyproportionaltoitsmass.3)Foreveryaction,thereisanequalandoppositereaction.17.Theperiodictableisatabulararrangementofchemicalelements,orderedtheiratomicnumber,electronconfiguration,andrecurringchemicalproperties,whoseadoptedstructureshowsperiodictrends.18.DNAreplicationistheprocessofcopyingaDNAmolecule.Itisasemiconservativeprocess,whereeachnewDNAmoleculeconsistsofonestrandfromtheoriginalmoleculeandonenewlysynthesizedstrand.19.Thewatercycledescribesthecontinuousmovementofwateron,above,andbelowthesurfaceoftheEarth.Thisincludesevaporation,condensation,precipitation,andrunoff.20.photosynthesisistheprocesswhichgreenplantsandsomeotherorganismsusesunlighttosynthesizenutrientsfromcarbondioxideandwater.Itinvolvesthegreenpigmentchlorophyllandgeneratesoxygenasaproduct.五、應用題答案：21.Tocalculatethedensityofanobject,youwoulddivideitsmassitsvolume.Forexample,ifanobjecthasamassof10gramsandavolumeof2cubiccentimeters,itsdensitywouldbe5gramspercubiccentimeter.22.Thefirstlawofthermodynamicsstatesthatenergycannotbecreatedordestroyed,onlytransferredortransformed.Thismeansthatthetotalamountofenergyinaclosedsystemremainsconstant.24.Diffusionisthemovementofparticlesfromanareaofhighconcentrationtoanareaoflowconcentration.Thisprocessoccursingases,liquids,andsolids,anddoesnotrequireenergyinput.六、分析題答案：26.TheBohrmodeloftheatomdescribeselectronsorbitingthenucleusinfixedpaths.However,thismodeldoesnotfullyexplainthebehaviorofelectronsinatoms,suchastheirabilitytoexistinmultiplestatessimultaneously.27.ThegreenhouseeffectisanaturalprocessthatwarmstheEarth'ssurface.Itoccurswhencertaingasesintheatmospheretrapheatfromthesun,preventingitfromescapingbackintospace.WhilethisprocessisessentialforlifeonEarth,humanactivitieshaveincreasedtheconcentrationofthesegases,leadingtoglobalwarming.七、實踐操作題答案：28.Correctedsentence:"WhenIwenttothestore,Iboughtsomegroceries."29.Correctedsentence:"Bythetimeyouarrive,thedinnerwillbeready."Physics:Thethreelawsofmotion,energy,thermodynamics,andelectriccircuits.Chemistry:Theperiodictable,chemicalreactions,andthestructureoftheatom.Biology:DNAreplication,thewatercycle,photosynthesi