考研英語（閱讀）模擬試卷44

一、閱讀（常規閱讀理解）（本題共25題，每題7.0

分，共25分。）

HighDiveCherylSternsaimstogoboldlywherenohumanhasevergonebeforeina

balloon:40kilometersupintotheatmosphere.41Noonehaseverleaptfromsucha

heightorgonesupersonicwithoutanairplaneoraspacecraft.YetSterns,anairlinepilot,

isnottheonlypersonwhowantstobethefirsttoaccomplishthosefeats.Twoother

bravepeople,anAustralianmanandaFrenchman,arealsoplanningtomakesimilar

leaps.42First,she'llclimbintoacabinhangingfromaballoonthesizeofafootball

field.Thenballoonwilltakeherhighintothestratosphere-thelayerofEarth's

atmosphere12to50kilometersabovetheplanet."Theascentwilltaketwoandahalfto

threehours,"saidSterns."I'llbewearingafullypressurized,temperature-controlled

spacesuit.'*At40kilometers,SternswillbeabletoseethegentlecurveofEarthandthe

blacknessofspaceoverhead.Thenshe'llunclipherselffromthecabinanddiveheadfirst,

likeabullet,intotheatmosphere.43Forhighdive,astronautescapesuitsareakeyto

success.Currentpilotandastronautescapesuiteareguaranteedonlyamaximumaltitude

of21kilometers.DelRosso,aNASAengineerofspacesuitsandlife-supportsystems,

saidthesuitdesignedforStem'sjumpcouldserveasamodelforthelethalenvironn'ent

ofhigherclimbs.44Thefirsthazardisoxygcn-dcficicntair.Anypersonwithoutan

additionaloxygensupplyat40kilometerswoulddiewithinthreetofiveseconds.The

secondhazardislowatmosphericpressure.Atmosphericpressureismuchlowerathigh

altitudesthanitisatsealevel.Thelowatmosphericpressureoftheupperstratosphere

causesthegasesinbodyfluidstofizzoutofsolutionlikesodabubbles.45Otherhazards

includetemperaturesaslowas55degreesCelsius,flyingdebris,andsolarradiation.For

Sternstosurvive,herspacesuitwillhavetoprotectherfromallofthesehazards.*'A

spacesuitislikeaone-personspaceship,"DelRossoexplained."Youhavetotake

everythingyouneedinapackagethat'slightenough,mobileenough,andtoughenough

todothejob.Youcan'texistwithoutit."A.Itwillhandleseveralmajorhazards.B.

Escapesuitsaretoughenoughtostandtheatmosphericpressureoftheupper

stratosphere.C.Fromthere,she'lltakeadeath-defyingleapbacktoEarthatsupersonic

speed.D."In30seconds,I'llbegoingMach（馬赫）speed,"saidSterns.E.Howwill

Sternsmakehergiantjump?F.Inshort,bloodboils.

1、

標準答案；C

知識點解析：選項C是承上啟下的句子。上一句說的是，氣球將Stems帶到同溫

層。下一句說的足，沒有人嘗試過不坐飛機或不坐宇宙飛船從同溫層往下跳。有了

C這個句子，意思就連貫了。

2、

標準答案：E

知識點解析：“空42”應該是個引導句，應該包含采取行動這類概括詞，因為隨后

的句子是，第一步做什么，第二步做什么，等等。選項E是符合這個要求的。

3、

標準答案：D

知識點解析：選項D表達的是跳出氣球后下滑的速度，與前一句的意思是連貫

的。

4、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：“空44”后面的句子列舉了許多hazards。據此推論，“空44”的句子應

該是引導句或概括句。選項A中有severalmajorhazards這幾個概括詞，與后面列

舉的各種hazards相呼應。

5、

標準答案：F

知識點解析：選項F中，用了inshorK簡而言之），是總結前面陳述的內容；blood

boils說明“空45”前面句子的內容與blood有關。事實上，“空45”前面的句子說的

是，在低大氣壓的情況卜溶在人體液體中的氣體會逸出，就像蘇打水冒泡泡一

樣。選項F形象地總結了上述句子的內容。

VirtualDriverDrivinginvolvessharpeyesandkeenears,analyzingwithabrain,and

coordinationbetweenhands,feetandbrain.Amanhassharpeyesandkeenears,

analyzesthroughhisbrain,andmaintainscoordinationbetweenhishandsandbrains.He

cancontrolafast-movingcarwithdifferentpartsofhisbody.41Apparentlythereisn't

anyoneinthedriver'scab,butthereisinfactavirtualdriver.Thisvirtualdriverhaseyes,

brains,handsandfeettoo.Themincemeatsoneachsideofthecararcitseyesandarc

responsibleforobservingtheroadconditionsaheadofitaswellasthetraffictoitsleft

andright.Ifyouopentheboot,youcanseethemostimportantpartoftheautomatic

drivingsystem:abuilt-incomputer.42Thebrainisresponsibleforcalculatingthespeeds

objectssurroundingthecararemovingat,analyzingtheirpositionontheroad,choosing

therightpath,andgivingorderstothewheelandthecontrolsystem.Incomparisonwith

thehumanbrain,thevirtualdriver'sbestadvantageisthatitreactsquickly.43However,

ittakestheworld'sbestracecardriveratleastonesecondtoreact,andthisdoesn'tinclude

thetimeheneedstotakeaction.Withitsrapidreactionandaccuratecontrol,thevirtual

drivercanreducetheaccidentrateonexpresswaysconsiderably.Inthiscase,isit

possibleforustoletithavethewheelatanytimeandinanyplace?44Withitslimited

abilitytorecognizethings,thecarcannowonlytravelonexpressways.Theintelligent

cardeterminesitsdirectionbytheclearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizes

vehiclesaccordingtotheirregularshapes.45Thisbeingthecase,peoplestillhavehigh

hopesaboutdriverlesscars,andthinkhighlyintelligentcarsarewhatthecarsofthe

futureshouldbelike.A.Expertssaythatwccannotdothatjustyet.B.Inthenearfuture,

intelligentcarswillbeputintocommercialoperation.C.Thisisthebrainofthecar.D.

Buthowdoesanintelligentcarcontrolitself?E.Itcompletestheprocessingofthe

imagessentbythecameraswithin100milliseconds.F.However,itcannotrecognize

movingpeopleandbicyclesonordinaryroadsthathavenoclearmarkingsonthem.

6^

標準答案：D

知識點解析：“空41”前面三個句子講的是真人駕駛員駕駛汽車時腦、眼、耳、

手、腳并用，而且要協調配合。“空41”之后話題轉入虛擬駕駛員。“空41”之后的

Apparentlythereisn'tanyoneinthedriver'scab.似乎來得有些突然，

與前面句子接得很生硬。所以，中間應該有個過渡句。選項D就是連接上下文的

過渡句。

7、

標準答案：C

知識點露析：“空42”前面一句說，如果你打開車身后部的行李箱，你就能看到自

動駕駛系統的最重要的部件，嵌入式電腦。“空42”后的句子中的thebrainofthecar

自然是指前句的builtincomputer,但接得太突然。選項C的“Thisisthebrainofthe

car”就把前后句子聯系起來了。山is指代上一句的built—incomputero后面句子的

Thebrainofthecar是重復選項C中的thebrainoftheCar,顯得很自然。所以，C

是答案C

8、

標準答案：E

知識點解析：“空43”前面一句說，虛擬駕駛員最大的優點是反應快。“空43”后面

一句說，最好的賽車手至少要1秒鐘才能作出反應。“至少要1秒鐘”已經暗示，虛

擬駕駛員反應速度要比真人駕駛員快。選項E說，虛擬駕駛員只需100毫秒就能

作出反應。選項E使上下文的意思完整，因此是答案。

9、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：“空44”前面是一個問句，即“在這種情況下，是不是可以不分時間、

不分地點都讓虛擬駕駛員駕駛汽車?'“空44”的句子應該回答這個問題：“讓還是不

讓?”選項A回答了這個訶題，因此是答案。

10、

標準答案：F

知識點解析：“空45”前面一句說,“TheintelligentCardeterminesitsdirectionbythe

clearlinesthatmarkthelanesclearlyandrecognizesvehiclesaccordingtotheirregular

shapes.”（智能汽車按清晰標出的軍.道線決定自己的行車方向，靠車輛的常規形狀

識別其他車輛。）選項F的內容正好相反。上一句說“recognizes”，還有“markthe

lanesclearly”,而F說"cannotrecognize"，又說“noclearmarkings”。從意思表達和

詞匯重復上，都能判斷出，F的句子應該出現在“空45”的位置上。

標準答案：E

知識點解析：同上面第三題的解釋一樣，選項E的句子中出現特指的thecellos,

與上一句的cello相呼應，該句說明科學家為什么要選擇大提琴作為音樂訓練的樂

器，上下文意思連貫，所以E是答案。

15、

標準答案：D

知識點解析：最后一段介紹音樂訓練的方法和結果，以及對學習的關聯和影響。選

項D表達的意思是音樂訓練的結果和對學習上有障礙的兒童所產生的正面影響，

意思與其前后兩句的意思完全配合，是答案。

SleepingGiantRightnow,aneruptionisbrewinginYellowstoneNationalPark.

Sometimeduringthenexttwohours,themostfamousgeyser.OldFaithful,willbegin

gurglingboilingwaterandsteam.41OldFaithfulisnotonlyaspectacularsight）it'salso

aconstantremainderthatYellowstonesitsononeofthelargestvolcanoesintheworld.If

you'veneverheardofYellowstone'svolcano,you'renotalone.42Yetithaseruptedthree

timesduringthelast2millionyears.Andoneofthoseeruptionsspewedenoughvolcanic

ashandotherdebristoblankethalftheUnitedStates.Yellowstone'svolcanois

sometimescalleda"supcrvolcano",orextremelylargeandexplosivecalderavolcano.43

thissupervolcanoformedoverahotspot,anextremelyhotareainEarth'smantle.John

Valley,avolcanoprofessors,saidthatasthecrustmovesacrossahotspot,thehotspot

meltsasectionoftheplatemovingoverit,forming"onevolcanoafteranother".The

Yellowstonehotspotmeltsthickcontinentalcrust,whichmaycausecatastrophic

eruptions.Accordingtoexpertstheeruptionsthatcreatedeachofthethreecalderasin

andaroundYellowstoneNationalParkwerelargerthananyothervolcaniceruptionin

recordedhistory.Themostrecenteruption,whichhappened640,000yearsago,

producedatleast1,000cubickilometersofashanddebris,whichblanketedmostofthe

westernhalfoftheUnitedStates.44GeologicalevidenceshowsYellowstonehasblown

itsstackevery700,000yearsorso."Ifnatureweretrulythatregularandreliable,we

wouldbedueforanothereruptionsoon,"saidValley.'However,theseprocessesare

subjecttovariability,sowedon'treallyknowwhenthenexteruptionwillhappen."45It

isthevolcanicenergythatpowersthegeysersandhotsprings,createsthemountainsand

canyons,andgeneratestheuniqueecosystemsthatsupportYellowstone'sdiverse

wildlife.A.ThreecalderasmakeupmorethanathirdofYellowstoneNationalPark.B.

ThefirstYellowstoneeruption,2millionyearsago,releasedmorethandoublethat

amountofashanddebris.C.Thevolcanoissoinconspicuous（不顯眼的）thatfew

peopleknowitexists.D.Then,anenormousfountainwillshoothighintotheair.E.

WhiletheactivegeologistprocessesatYellowstonedoposesomerisktothepublic,they

alsomakeitauniquetreasure.F.YellowstoneNationalParkattractstheinterestof

geologiststheworldover.

16、

標準答案：D

知識點解析：第一段第二句說，在隨后的兩個小時的某一時刻，間歇泉會涌出沸水

和蒸汽。后續句應該是選項Doboilingwater變成fountain,shoothighintotheair。

17、

標準答案：C

知識點解析：第二段第二句說，如果你不知道黃石公園的下面是火山，沒有關系，

很多人都不知道。為什么會如此呢?C道出了原因。所以，C是答案。

18、

標準答案：A

知識點解析：第三段第一句說黃石公園的火山extremelylarge,所以有時候被稱為

supervolcanoo選項A的句子具體說明這個supervolcano大到什么程度，所以是答

案。

19、

標準答案：B

知識點解析：在選項B的more由andoublethatamountofashanddebris這個短語

中，有關鍵詞doublethatamount,說明前面句子一定有一個數字。檢查后，發現這

個數字是“1,000cubickilometersofashanddebris”,可以斷定,選項B的句子就是

要放回原位的句子。

20、

標準答案：E

知識點解析：“空45”所在段的前面兩段介紹了黃石公園火山以前噴發時的可怕情

景。“空45”所在段敘述火山能量帶來的好處。這是兩種情景截然相反的描寫，中

間很可能有一個過渡句，把它們連接起來。選項E就是過渡句，應該是本題的答

案。

RoboticHighwayConesAUniversityofNebraskaprofessorhasdevelopedroboticcones

andbarrels.41Theycanevenbeprogrammedtomoveontheirownatany

particularpartoftheday,saidshaneFarritor,anassistantprofessorofmechanical

engineeringatNebraska.Forexample,ifworkersarrivedat6a.m,theconescouldmove

fromthesideofthehighwaytoblockoffthelaneatthattime.42"Itjustseemslikea

verygoodapplicationforrobots,*'Farritorsaid."Theroboticconeswouldalsohelp

removeremovepeoplefromhazardousjobsonthehighwayputtingbarrelsandcones

intoplace,"Farritorsaidinareportonhiscreation.43Thisfundallowed

FarritortoworkontheprojectwithgraduatestudentsatNebraskaandhisassistantSteve

Goddard.Therobotsareplacedatthebottomoftheconsandbarrelsandaresmall

enoughnottogreatlychangetheappearanceoftheconstructionaides."Itwouldlook

exactlytesame,*'Farritorsaid."Normallythere'sakindofrubbery,blackbasetothem.

44"FarritorhastalkedwithofficialsfromtheNebraskaDepartmentofRoadsabouthow

therobotswouldbemostusefultowhattheymightneed.Therobotscouldcomein

handyfollowingaslow-movingmaintenanceoperation,likepaintingastripeonaroador

movingasphalt,wherenowthebarrelshavetbepickedupandmovedastheoperation

proceeds."Thatwayyoudon'thavetoblockoffa10-niilestripfortheoperation.n

Farritorsaid.Whileprototypeshavebeenmade,theyarenotinuseanywhere.Farritor

saidhehasappliedforapatentandisconsideringwhattodonest.45Heisals