服務人員的心理挫折PsychologicalFrustrationofServicePersonnelRailwayPassengerTransportService鐵路旅客運輸服務心理挫折外在因素ExternalFactorsofPsychologicalFrustration心理挫折內在因素InternalFactorsofPsychologicalFrustration心理挫折PsychologicalFrustration在心理學上，挫折是指一種情緒狀態，主要是指個體在從事有目的的活動過程中，由于遇到阻礙和干擾，使個人需要不能滿足，動機無法實現而產生的緊張狀態和情緒反應。心理挫折產生可分為外在因素和內在因素兩類。

Inpsychology,frustrationreferstoanemotionalstate:sometensionandemotionalreactioncausedbytheinabilitytomeetpersonalneedsandrealizemotivationduetoobstaclesandinterferenceintheprocessofpurposefulactivities.

Thefactorscausingpsychologicalfrustrationcanbedividedintoexternalfactorsandinternalfactors.心理挫折外在因素ExternalFactorsofPsychologicalFrustration心理挫折外在因素又可分為實質環境與社會環境。實質環境是指個人能力無法克服的自然環境。社會環境是指所有個人在社會生活中所遭受到的政治、經濟、道德、宗教、風俗習慣等人為的限制。

Theexternalfactorsofpsychologicalfrustrationcanbedividedintosubstantiveenvironmentandsocialenvironment.Substantiveenvironmentreferstothenaturalenvironmentthatcannotbeovercomebyindividualability.Socialenvironmentreferstothepolitical,economic,moral,religious,customsandotherman-maderestrictionsthatallindividualssufferinsociallife.心理挫折內在因素InternalFactorsofPsychologicalFrustration心理挫折內在因素包括個人的生理條件與動機的沖突。個人的生理條件,是指個人具有的智力、能力、容貌、身材以及生理上的缺陷疾病所帶來的限制。動機的沖突,是指個人在日常生活中,經常同時產生兩個或兩個以上的動機,假如這些并存的動機無法同時獲得滿足,而且互相對立或排斥,其中某一個動機獲得滿足,其他動機受到阻礙,則產生難于做決擇的心理狀態。

Theinternalfactorsofpsychologicalfrustrationincludepersonalphysiologicalconditionsandtheconflictofmotives.Personalphysiologicalconditionsrefertothelimitationsbroughtbyanindividual'sintelligence,ability,appearance,figureandphysicaldefects.Theconflictofmotivesreferstothatindividualsoftenproducetwoormoremotivesatthesametimeintheirdailylife.Ifthesecoexistingmotivescannotbesatisfiedatthesametime,andtheyopposeorexcludeeachother,oneofthemissatisfiedandtheothermotivesarehindered,itwillproduceapsychologicalstatethatitisdifficulttomakeadecision.鐵路客運人員的挫折因素主要有學習挫折、家庭挫折、人際挫折、戀愛挫折、病殘挫折、感情挫折、專業選擇挫折等。作為鐵路客運職工，,當受到挫折后,其原因不論是屬于外在因素還是內在因素，都不應該把憤怒、攻擊、不安、冷漠等情緒上的反應帶到工作中去。

Thefrustrationfactorsofrailwaypassengertransportpersonnelmainlyincludelearningfrustration,familyfrustration,interpersonalfrustration,lovefrustration,disabilityfrustration,emotionalfrustration,professionalchoicefrustrationandsoon.Asrailwaypassengertransportworkers,whentheyarefrustrated,thereasons,whetherex