廣東省八校聯盟2024-2025學年高二下學期教學質量檢測（一）英語試題一、閱讀理解（本大題共5小題）Herearethreemust-visitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.HongcunAncientVillage,AnhuiThe900-year-oldvillageofHongcunhaslongdrawnin-the-knowChinesevisitors,wholoveitspeacefulatmosphereanddistinctivearchitecture.Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.Walkingthenarrowlanespavedwithquartzite(石英巖)andseeingfarmersworkinginricefields,withthereflectionofancienthousesinthelake,shouldprovideenoughmaterialtogetyoustartedonyourownvisualmasterpiece.MountWuyi,FujianAmajorlandmarkinsoutheastChinaandaUNESCOWorldHeritageSite,MountWuyiwasthesettingforthedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism,influentialinEastAsiasincethe11thcentury.BambooraftdriftingintheNineBendRiver(lowergorge)isapopularactivityamongvisitors.Thetwo-hour,eight-kilometertripsfloatingonwaterprovidegrandviewsofMountWuyi.Yangshuo,GuangxiWhentheChineselongforviewsofthenation’smostscenichillsandrivers,theybookabamboo-boatcruiseinYangshuo.TheriversidetowninsouthernChinaismostfamousforitskarst(喀斯特)hillsandtraditionalfishing-villagelifestyle.Downtownistouristy.Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene:bambooboatsmovingslowlyalongtheriver,fishermensettingoutwithcormorants,farmerstoilinginfieldswithlushpeakssoaringhighabove.1．WhatmakesHongcunAncientVillageattractivetoartstudents?A．Its900-year-longhistory.B．Thequartzite-pavednarrowlanes.C．Itspeacefulatmosphereandarchitecture.D．Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandlocals.2．InYangshuo,whatcanvisitorsdotoenjoyamorepeacefulscene?A．Visitthedowntownareafulloftourists.B．TakeabamboorafttripintheNineBendRiver.C．Rentbikesandgotothecountryside.D．AdmirethedevelopmentandspreadofNeo-Confucianism.3．Whereisthistextmostlikelytobetakenfrom?A．Atravelguidebook. B．Ascientificresearchpaper.C．Ahistorytextbook, D．Afashionmagazine.Afive--year--olddognamedKelseyhasbeenpraisedasaheroforhelpingtosavethelifeofherownerwhoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck.Theman,Bob,wasalonewhenhelefthisfarmhouseonNewYear’sEvetocollectfirewood.Expectingajourneyofonlyseveralmeters,Bobwaswearingjustlongjohns(襯褲),ashirtandslipperswhenhewentoutside,althoughthetemperaturewasaround－4℃.Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.Fortunately,Kelseycametohisassistance.“Iwasshoutingforhelp,butmynearestneighborisabout400metersaway,anditwas10:30p.m.,”Bobexplained.“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.”Kelsey’scompanionkepthimwarmbylyingontopofhim.Shelickedhisfaceandhandstokeephimawake.“Kelseykeptbarkingbutneverleftmyside,”Bobrecalled.“IknewIcouldn’tgiveupandthatitwasmychoicetostayalive.”Bobspent20hoursinthefreezingcold.Whenhefinallylostconsciousness,hisdogkeptbarking.Finally,hearingthebarking,Bob’sneighbordiscoveredhimat6:30p.m.onNewYear’sDayandcalledtheemergencyservicesatonce.WhenBobarrivedinhospital,hisbodytemperaturewasbelow21℃.However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,“Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.”BobsaidhewasverygratefultobothDr.ColenandhisKelsey.“Theysavedmylife.Theyaretrulyheroes!”4．WhathappenedtoBobonNewYear’sEve?A．Helefthisdogaloneinhisfarmhouse.B．Hewaspraisedforsavingadogowner.C．Hebrokehisneckandcouldn’tmove.D．Heheardhisneighbor’sshoutingforhelp.5．WhydidKelseykeepbarking?A．Tokeepwarm.B．Tostayalive.C．TokeepBobawake.D．Toseekhelpfromothers.6．HowdoesDr.ColenfeelaboutKelsey?A．Helpful. B．Fortunate.C．Grateful. D．Friendly.7．Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A．ANeck-breakingAccidentB．TheMagicNightC．WarmthonaWinter’sNightD．DeterminationtoKeepAliveShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.“Wecallitmovingmeditation(冥想),”saysShea,whoisafamilybikingadvocateandauthorinMaryland.“Wesawhowincrediblyhelpfulbikingwasforhisfocus,emotionalregulationandabilitytofollowdirections.”Thisexperienceisn’tunique.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatphysicalactivitycontributestoimprovingmentalhealth.“Exercise,nomatteryourage,isthesinglebestthingyoucandoforeveryorganinyourbody,includingyourbrain,”saysAllanReiss,aprofessoranddirectorofBrainSciencesatStanfordUniversitySchoolofMedicine.Andwhileanyexercisehelps,agrowingbodyofresearchshowsbicyclingisamongtheactivitiesthatmightprovideevenmoreofamentalhealthboost.Scientistsaren’tyetsurewhy,butitmighthavesomethingtodowithallthefunctionalskillscyclistsuse.“Youneedtomaintainyourbalanceandprocessalotofinformationfromyourenvironment,likedecidingwhetheryoucansqueezepastatreeorhowhardyouneedtobrake,”saysReiss,“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協調),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.”AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”Luckily,it’snottoohardtogetonabikeformostpeople.Youshouldfocusonthefun.Toensureridersdon’tgettiredtooquickly(ortoobored),buildinafunstopratherthanmaketheridethesinglefocus.Self-pacedexplorationandadventurearekeytotheride.Cyclingcanmultiplywhenitbecomesasocialproject.Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.8．WhatdoestheauthorwanttostressusingShea’sson’sexample?A．Advantageofphysicalexerciseregularly. B．Positiveeffectofridingonmentalhealth.C．Importanceofleadingarelaxinglifestyle. D．Possibilitiesthatanydiseasecanbecured.9．WhydoescyclingboostmentalhealthmoreaccordingtoReiss?A．Itneedsbetterintegratedcoordinationabilities.B．Itsoutdoorexposurehelpsimprovethemoodstate.C．Itneedsrepetitivemovementtohelpcalmthemind.D．Itssenseoffreedomandexplorationhelpsmindgrow.10．Whatisthefunctionofthequotedstatementinparagraph4?A．Presentingexperiments. B．Explainingconcepts.C．Providingevidence. D．Offeringsuggestions.11．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?A．Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.B．Nonstopcyclingmakesthemostoftheride.C．Purchasingticketsforagrouprideisessential.D．Bikelaneconstructionispromotedbycommunities.Abigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan170tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.Theresearch,bythe5GyresInstituteandpublishedinthejournalPlosOne,evaluatestrendsofoceanplasticfrom1979to2019.Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.DrMarcusEriksen,theco-founderofthe5GyresInstitute,said,“Theexponential(指數級)increaseinmicroplasticsacrosstheworld’soceansisawarningthatwemustactnowataglobalrange,stopfocusingoncleanupandrecycling,andcreateanageofcorporateresponsibilityfortheentirelifeofthethingstheymake.”Theresearcherslookedat11,777samplesoffloatingoceanplasticstocreateaglobaltimeseriesthatestimatedtheaveragecountsandmassofmicroplasticsintheoceansurfacelayer,liningupthedatawithinternationalpolicymeasuresaimedatreducingplasticpollutiontoevaluatetheireffectiveness.Itfoundthatfrom2005.therehadbeenarapidincreaseinthemassofoceanplastic.Thescientistsestimateatleast170tnplasticparticlesarepresentintheoceans,withacombinedweightofabout2milliontonnes.Theysaywithoutimmediateglobalactiononplasticproduction,therateofplasticenteringaquaticenvironmentsisexpectedtoincreaseabout2.6-foldfrom2016to2040.Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.12．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“futile”inParagraph1mean?A．Demanding. B．Pointless. C．Effective. D．Useful.13．WhatistoblamefortheriseinplasticpollutionintheoceansaccordingtoParagraph2?A．Governmentpolicy. B．Thefishingindustry.C．Theplasticsindustry. D．Failuretowarnpeopletimely.14．Whatistheresearchers’suggestiononaddressingtheissue?A．Encouragingindividualstorecyclemore.B．Focusingoncleanupandrecyclinginitiatives.C．Increasingplasticproductiontomeetglobaldemands.D．Callingforcollectiveresponsibilityforplasticproduction.15．Whatisthemainissueaddressedinthetext?A．Theriseinplasticpollutionintheoceans. B．Theincreasingdemandforplasticproducts.C．Theneedforbetteroceancleanupinitiatives. D．Theadvancementinplasticrecyclingtechnology.EnhancedHealthandFitnessStrategiestoWardOffIllnessinWinterThewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.16Thefollowingstrategiesprovideadetailedroadmapforstayinghealthythroughoutthewinter.Maintainregularexercise.Exerciseisapowerfultoolinboostingtheimmunesystemanddrivingoffillnesses.AreviewintheJournalofSportandHealthSciencehighlightedhowregularphysicalactivityreducestheriskofdevelopingdiseasesandinfectiousdiseaseslikethecommoncoldandflu.Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.17Followanutrient-richdiet.Propernutritionplaysavitalroleinimmunefunction.Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.18Additionally,hydrationiscrucial,eveninwinter,formaintainingbodyfunctionsandnutrientabsorption.Aimforatleasteight8-ounceglassesofwaterdaily.Fostersocialconnections.Socialinteractioncontributestomentalhealth,whichcaninturninfluencephysicalhealth.Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.19Prioritizequalitysleep.20—it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem.ResearchintheJournalofExperimentalMedicinedemonstratedthatagoodnight’ssleepcanenhancethefunctionofTcells,atypeofwhitebloodcellthatfightsvirus-infectedcells.Adultsshouldaimfor7-9hoursofqualitysleeppernight.Improvesleepqualitybycreatingaquietsleepenvironment,havingaregularbedtime,andlimitingscreentimebeforebed.A．Sleepisn’tjustforrest.B．Sleepneedsyourattentiontocreate.C．Thesenutrientssupportimmunesystemandkeepyouoffinfections.D．Evenincoldmonths,staysociallyengaged,whetherin-personorvirtually.E．Andyoumaybecomeinactiveforlackofastrongwilltopracticeinthegym.F．Craftingafitnessplantopreventsicknessisessentialtoenjoyingthisseasonfully.G．Tokeepyourworkoutsengaging,tryvaryingthemandaddingnewactivitiesperiodically.二、完形填空（本大題共1小題）Aroutineschoolfieldtripturnedintoaheroicrescuewhen12-year-oldAlexDupuistookimmediateactiontosaveastrugglingclassmate.Thequick-thinkingseventh-graderdidn’t21whenhenoticedafellowstudentfightingtokeephisheadabovewateratSpringLakeBeachduringtheschool’sannualtrip.“Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”Dupuis22.Theyoungherowasontheshore,enjoyingthedaywithhisfriends,whenhesawtheboy23.Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewatertoofferhis24.Uponreachingthe25swimmer,Dupuiswasimmediately26byhisclassmate.“Iwentunderwater,butIwas27togetup,”Dupuisexplained,demonstratingbothhiscourageandpresenceofmindinthesituation.Usinghisownstrengthanddetermination,Dupuisheldhisclassmatebytheshouldersand28totread(踩)wateruntillifeguardsarrived.Thelifeguards29andensuredbothboyswere30broughtbacktoshore.Dupuisdidn’tmentiontheincidenttohisparents,whichwasa31ofhumility(謙虛).Itwasonlywhenschoolofficials32hismother,LisaBeausoleil,24hourslaterthathisparentslearnedoftheirson’s33.“Theschoolcalledmeto34himforhisquickandselflessactions,”Beausoleilshared.“BothhisfatherandIarefull-timefirefighters,soweare35ofhim.”21．A．disagree B．hesitate C．suffer D．argue22．A．joked B．imagined C．recalled D．apologized23．A．indanger B．inorder C．incharge D．inline24．A．training B．money C．information D．assistance25．A．panicked B．relieved C．satisfied D．disappointed26．A．grasped B．ignored C．defeated D．abandoned27．A．unlikely B．able C．unwilling D．curious28．A．failed B．pretended C．promised D．managed29．A．fellbehind B．steppedback C．settleddown D．tookover30．A．safely B．frequently C．violently D．regularly31．A．change B．reward C．display D．background32．A．comforted B．rescued C．contacted D．hired33．A．scholarship B．bravery C．luck D．wealth34．A．ask B．praise C．observe D．educate35．A．ashamed B．afraid C．proud D．independent三、語法填空（本大題共1小題）閱讀下面短文，在空白處填入1個適當的單詞或括號內單詞的正確形式。Calledasthe“SeaofDeath”,theTaklimakanDesertinChina’sXinjiangUygurAutonomousRegioncovers337,600squarekilometers.36alsosurprisesusisthatitscircumference(周長)measures3,046kilometersorso,makingitthe37(large)desertinChina.Ithastakenmorethan40years38(surround)theTaklimakanfullywithagreenbelt.TheTaklimakanDesertcontrolprojectis39partoftheThree-NorthShelterbeltForestProgram(TSFP)launchedin1978,whoseaimistodealwithdesertification(沙漠化).WiththeTSFPandmeasuressuchastheGrainforGreenProgram.Chinahashandedin40(it)ownanswersheettodesertification.AccordingtotheNationalForestryandGrasslandAdministration,over35.8millionhectares(公頃)ofdesertifiedlandhavebeenprotected,41over7.8millionhectaresofdesertifiedlandhavebeen42(effective)restored.TheforestcoveragerateintheTSFPareahasincreasedfrom12.414313.84percent.Additionally,61percentofthesoilerosion(土壤侵蝕)areashavebeencontrolledsuccessfully,andthe“greenline”intheYellowRiverBasinhasshifted300kilometerswestward.Inthepast10years,thefrequencyofseveredustyweatherinspringinnorthernChina44(drop)significantly.Chinahastakenthegloballeadin45(achieve)“zerogrowth”inlanddegradationanda“dual(雙的)reduction”indesertificatioinanddesertifiedland.四、書信寫作（本大題共1小題）46．假定你是李華，是你校的國畫社社長，你校即將迎來一批美國中學生文化訪問團的訪問與交流。請你代表國畫社寫一篇發言稿，內容包括：1.表示熱烈歡迎；2.介紹國畫社活動及個人收獲；3.表達祝愿。注意：1.寫作詞數應為80左右；2.可以適當增加細節，以使行文連貫。Dearvisitors,___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thankyou!Yourssincerely,LiHua五、書面表達（本大題共1小題）47．閱讀下面材料，根據其內容和所給的段落開頭語續寫兩段，使之構成一篇完整的短文。GraceandEllen,bothpromisingintheirschool’sdancecompetition,werefiercecompetitors.Theybothhadgreatpassionfordancinganddreamedforbiggerstages.Theywerebothfriendsandcompetitors.Theyhadsimilartasteinmusic,andhadsimilardressingstyles.Eventheyworeshoesofthesamesize.Theyhadbothcommittedthemselvestopreparingfortheupcomingcontest.Grace’sjourneytothecompetitionwasmarkedbycountlesshoursofpracticeanddetermination.Shewouldrisebeforethesun,andthestudiolightswereheronlycompany.Everymovementwasperfectedwithunwaveringcommitment.Sheknewthatthiscompetitionwasn’tjustaboutpersonalsuccess;itwasalsoaboutupholdingherschool’shonor.“Grace,you’reincredible!”Grace’sdanceinstructor,Mrs.Anderson,oftenpraisedher.“Yourhardworkwillpayoff.”Ellenhadbeenpracticinghardforthiscompetitionaswell.Herlovefordancewasherdrivingforce.Afterschool,shewouldheadstraighttothedancestudio,tirelesslyperfectingeverystepandtwirl.Herdanceshoeshadbecomeanextensionofherfeet,andherheartburnedwithastrongdesireforvictory.“Ellen,you’reanatural,”herfellowdancerswouldoftensay.“You’vegotthis!”Thedayofthecompetitionfinallyarrived,andtherewerefivecompetitorsfightingforthechampionshiptitle.EllenwasscheduledtoperformbeforeGrace.AsEllenstoodbackstage,thebutterfliesinherstomachseemedtohaveturnedintoawhirlwind(漩渦).Shecheckedherdanceshoesonelasttimeandrealizedahugemistake.Theshoesthemselveswereasizetoosmall—Itturnedoutshetookherlittlesister’sshoesbymistake.Panicsetinashermindracedforgsolution.“Ellen,you’reupnext!”thestagemanagerannounced.Inthedimlylit(灰暗的)backstagearea,GraceoverheardEllen’swhisperstoherfriend,Sarah.“Ibroughtthewrongshoes,Sarah,”Ellen’svoicetrembled(顫抖).“Theyaretoosmall.WhatamIgoingtodo?”Grace’sheartsankassheoverheardtheconversation.注意：1.續寫詞數應為150左右：2.請在答題卡的相應位置作答。GraceknewhershoeswouldfitEllenperfectly,butshehesitated.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________TearsofgratitudewelledupinEllen’seyesassheslippedintoGrace’sshoes.___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

參考答案【答案】1．D2．C3．A【分析】本文是一篇應用文。文章介紹了美國有線電視新聞網(CNN)推薦的三個必去的攝影圣地。【解析】1．細節理解題。根據HongcunAncientVillage,Anhui部分中“Itsclassicstructures,MoonLakeandpicturesquelocalshavebeenaninspirationforartstudentsfordecades.(幾十年來，它的經典建筑、月沼湖和風景如畫的當地人一直是藝術生的靈感來源)”可知，宏村的經典建筑、月沼湖和當地人吸引了藝術生。故選D項。2．細節理解題。根據Yangshuo,Guangxi部分中“Visitorscanrentbikesandheadtothecountrysidetofindamorecalmingscene(游客可以租自行車去鄉村，尋找更寧靜的風景)”可知，在陽朔，游客租自行車去鄉村能享受更寧靜的風景。故選C項。3．推理判斷題。文章開頭提到“HerearethreemustvisitphotographyholysitesrecommendedbyCNN.(以下是美國有線電視新聞網推薦的三個必去的攝影圣地)”，接著分別介紹了安徽宏村、福建武夷山和廣西陽朔這三個旅游景點的特色、適合開展的活動等信息，是為游客提供旅游相關的指引和建議。由此可推斷，本文最有可能出自旅游指南。故選A項。【答案】4．C5．D6．A7．C【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了一只叫Kelsey的狗狗在主人Bob不慎在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子無法動彈時，用身體為主人取暖，并且還不斷吠叫希望能引起別人的注意，最終Bob獲救。【解析】4．細節理解題。根據第一段中的“whoslippedinthesnowandbrokehisneck(在雪地里滑倒并摔斷脖子)”及第三段中的“Aftertheaccident,hewasunabletomoveinthesnow.(事故發生后，他在雪地里動彈不得)”可知，Bob在雪地中滑倒傷到了脖子，不能動了。故選C。5．推理判斷題。根據第四段中的“Bythenextmorning,myvoicewasgoneandIcouldn’tyellforhelp,butKelseydidn’tstopbarking.(到了第二天早上，我的聲音消失了，我無法大聲呼救，但Kelsey沒有停止吠叫)”可推知，Kelsey一直叫的目的是找人來幫助主人。故選D。6．推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“Dr.ChaimColen,thedoctorwhotreatedBob,said,‘Hisdogreallysavedhim.Hewasveryfortunate.’(治療Bob的醫生ChaimColen醫生說：‘他的狗真的救了他。他非常幸運。’)”可知，ChaimColen醫生認為Bob的狗救了Bob，因此ChaimColen醫生認為Kelsey是有幫助的。故選A。7．主旨大意題。通讀全文內容并根據倒數第二段中的“However,doctorsweresurprisedtofindthathedidn’thaveanyfrostbite(凍瘡).TheybelieveditwasbecauseofKelsey’sdeterminationtokeephimwarm.(然而，醫生驚訝地發現他沒有凍瘡。他們認為這是因為Kelsey決心讓他保持溫暖)”可知，Bob在寒冷的夜里衣著單薄卻沒有任何凍瘡是因為他的狗用身體不停地溫暖他。故C項“冬夜里的溫暖”做文章標題最合適。故選C。【答案】8．B9．A10．C11．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了騎自行車有助于改善心理健康，包括提高專注力、情緒調節能力和方向感，同時也能促進大腦新細胞生長和加強神經元連接，最終影響記憶和學習能力。文章鼓勵人們騎自行車，并享受其中的樂趣。【解析】8．推理判斷題。根據第一段中“ShannonBrescherShea’snine-year-oldstruggledwithfocusandfollowingdirectionsathomeandatschool.Butafterridinghisbike,whetheraroundtheparkortoschool,hefeltobviouslycalmer.(ShannonBrescherShea9歲的兒子在家里和學校里都很難集中注意力，也無法聽從指示。但騎完自行車后，無論是在公園周圍還是去學校，他都明顯感到平靜。)”可知，Shea的兒子在騎車后明顯感到更平靜，專注力和情緒調節能力得到提高。作者通過這一例子想要強調的是騎自行車對心理健康的積極影響。故選B。9．細節理解題。根據第三段中“Mostimportantly,you’vegottocoordinate(協調),sense,process,integrate,regulate,andcontinuallymakedecisions.(最重要的是，你必須協調、感知、處理、整合、規范，并不斷做出決定。)”可知，騎自行車需要協調、感知、處理、整合、調節和不斷做出決策。這表明騎行需要更好的綜合協調能力，這可能是其對心理健康促進作用更大的原因。故選A。10．推理判斷題。根據第四段中“AccordingtoReiss,“Researchsuggeststhatphysicalactivitylikecyclinglikelyencouragesnewcellgrowthinareasofthebrainlinkedtomemoryandproblem-solving,andcansupportstrongerconnectionsbetweenneurons(神經元),ultimatelyimpactingmemoryandlearning.”(Reiss說：“研究表明，像騎自行車這樣的體育活動可能會促進大腦中與記憶和解決問題有關的區域的新細胞生長，并能支持神經元之間更強的聯系，最終影響記憶和學習。”)”可知，研究表明物理活動如騎自行車可能促進大腦中與記憶和解決問題相關的區域的新細胞生長，并支持神經元之間的更強連接，最終影響記憶和學習。這表明引用的研究的內容是為了提供證據來支持前面的觀點，即解釋為什么騎行對心理健康有益，故本段陳述起到的作用是提供證據。故選C。11．推理判斷題。根據最后一段中“Inneighborhoodswherebikelanesorothersafe-to-ridepathwaysexist,organizingagroupridewithfriendsmightbejustthetickettolessstressed,morerelaxedindividuals.(在有自行車道或其他安全騎行通道的社區里，和朋友組織一次集體騎行可能只是那些壓力較小、更放松的人的門票。)”可知，在有自行車道或其他安全騎行路徑的社區，組織團體騎行可能是減輕壓力、放松身心的好方法。這表明作者推薦與朋友一起騎行。因此，選項A“Cyclingwithpartnersisrecommended.(推薦與朋友一起騎行)”符合題意。故選A。【答案】12．B13．C14．D15．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了科學家發現海洋塑料污染大幅上升，指出塑料行業應為此負責，并呼吁全球對塑料生產承擔共同責任。【解析】12．詞句猜測題。根據劃線詞所在句“Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat‘cleanupisfutile’iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(他們呼吁減少塑料生產，并警告說，如果繼續以目前的速度將塑料扔進環境中，‘清理是futile’)”中“warningthat”和“iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.”可推知，若持續大量扔塑料，會發生嚴重的后果，所以需要提出警告。結合選項，“清理工作變得毫無意義(pointless)”符合語境，是嚴重后果，所以劃線詞futile的意思是“無意義的，徒勞的”，與pointless同義。故選B項。13．細節理解題。根據第二段中“Theauthorsnotedarapidincreaseofmarineplasticpollutionandblamedtheplasticsindustryforfailingtorecycleordesignforrecyclability.(作者指出海洋塑料污染迅速增加，并指責塑料行業未能進行回收利用或設計可回收的產品)”可知，海洋塑料污染增加應歸咎于塑料行業。故選C項。14．細節理解題。根據最后一段中“Researchershavewarnedthatinternationalpoliciesonplasticarefragmented(碎片的),lackspecificityanddonotincludemeasurabletargets.Theyhavecalledforcorporateresponsibilityforplasticproductiontobeenforcedglobally,withlegallybindinglegislation(立法)thataddressesthefulllifecycleofplastic,fromextractionandmanufacturingtoitsendoflife.(研究人員警告說，有關塑料的國際政策是支離破碎的，缺乏專一性，也沒有可衡量的目標。他們呼吁在全球范圍內強制實行塑料生產的企業責任，并制定具有法律約束力的立法，涵蓋塑料從開采、制造到生命周期結束的整個過程)”可知，研究人員呼吁在全球范圍內對塑料生產承擔共同責任。故選D項。15．主旨大意題。通讀全文，結合第一段“Abigriseinplasticpollutionhasbeenuncoveredbyscientists,whohavecalculatedthatmorethan17tnplasticparticles(微粒)areafloatintheoceans.Theyhavecalledforareductionintheproductionofplastics,warningthat“cleanupisfutile”iftheycontinuetobethrownintotheenvironmentatthecurrentrate.(科學家發現塑料污染大幅上升，他們計算出海洋中漂浮著超過17萬億個塑料微粒。他們呼吁減少塑料的生產，并警告說，如果塑料繼續以目前的速度被扔進環境中，“清理工作將變得毫無意義”)”可知，本文主要討論的是海洋塑料污染的上升問題。故選A項。【答案】16．F17．G18．C19．D20．A【分析】本文是一篇說明文。介紹了在疾病高發的冬季如何保持健康的技巧。【解析】16．前句“Thewintermonthspresentnumeroushealthchallenges,fromincreasedexposuretovirusestoadecreaseinphysicalactivityduetochillyweather.(冬季帶來了諸多健康挑戰，從病毒暴露機會的增加到因寒冷天氣導致的身體活動減少。)”講冬季疾病高發，故F項“制定計劃預防疾病”切題。故選F項。17．根據前句“Winter-friendlyexercisescanincludeindooractivitiessuchascycling,yoga,strengthtraining,orevendancing.(適合冬季的鍛煉方式可以包括一些室內活動，例如騎自行車、瑜伽、力量訓練，甚至是跳舞。)”可知，這一段鼓勵人們多參與體育鍛煉，所以G項“為了讓你的鍛煉保持吸引力，試著改變它們并定期添加新的活動。”切題。故選G項。18．根據本段的主題“Followanutrient-richdiet(多吃有營養的餐食。)”及前句“Assuch,yourdietshouldincludefruits,vegetables,leanproteins,andwholegrainsrichinvitaminslikeCandDandminerals.(因此，你的飲食應該包括富含維生素(如維生素C和D)和礦物質的水果、蔬菜、瘦蛋白以及全谷物。)”可知，人們應該多攝入營養物質，C項“這些營養素有助于增強免疫系統，從而幫助你避免感染。”承接上文，符合本段主題。故選C項。19．根據劃線前句“Astudydemonstratedastronglinkbetweensocialrelationshipsandmortalityrisk,suggestingtheimportanceofmaintainingsocialconnectionsforoverallhealth.(一項研究顯示，社交關系與死亡風險之間存在密切聯系，這表明保持社交聯系對整體健康的重要性。)”可知，本段強調社交關系的重要性。D項“即使在寒冷的月份，也要保持社交參與，無論是面對面還是虛擬的。”在此承上啟下，符合句意。故選D項。20．根據本段的主題“Prioritizequalitysleep(優先保證質量睡眠)”及下文中的“it’sanecessityforastrongimmunesystem(對于強大的免疫系統來說，這是必不可少的。)”可知，睡眠是建立強大免疫系統的必要條件，這里主要是講優質睡眠方面我們不熟知的功效，A項“睡眠不僅僅是用來休息的。”切題。故選A項。【答案】21．B22．C23．A24．D25．A26．A27．B28．D29．D30．A31．C32．C33．B34．B35．C【分析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了在一次學校郊游中，12歲的AlexDupuis英勇救起了一名在春湖海灘溺水的同學，展現了非凡的勇氣和冷靜，事后他很謙遜，未向父母提及此事，直到學校通知他們才得知兒子的英勇行為。【解析】21．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這位思維敏捷的七年級學生在學校年度郊游期間，看到一名同學在春湖海灘掙扎著保持頭部露出水面時，毫不猶豫地采取了行動。A.disagree不同意；B.hesitate猶豫；C.suffer遭受；D.argue爭論。根據下文“Withoutasecondthought,Dupuissprangintothewater”可知，Dupuis毫不猶豫地跳入水中，因此是指毫不猶豫地采取了行動。故選B。22．考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：“我當時只是想，‘我必須幫助他，’”Dupuis回憶道。A.joked開玩笑；B.imagined想象；C.recalled回憶；D.apologized道歉。根據上文““Iwasjustthinking,‘I’vegottohelphim,’”可知，Dupuis是在回憶當時自己的想法。故選C。23．考查介詞短語辨析。句意：這位年輕的英雄當時正在岸邊與朋友們享受時光，突然看到那名男孩處于危險之中。A.indanger處于危險中；B.inorder井然有序；C.incharge負責；D.inline排隊。根據上文