專題03完形填空之爭(zhēng)論文

爭(zhēng)論文是一種剖析事物、論述事理、發(fā)表見解或提出主見的說理性文章。爭(zhēng)論文的目的不僅是客觀的

說明事物，還力圖勸服讀者信任并接受某一觀點(diǎn)。中考中常見的爭(zhēng)論型完形填空分為兩種，一種是夾敘夾

議型完形填空；另一種是純爭(zhēng)論型完形填空。

Part1考情分析

爭(zhēng)論文是中考完形填空中較難的一種文體，一般由三個(gè)要素組成：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)、結(jié)論。要做好爭(zhēng)論文

類的完形填空，最重要的是抓住作者的論點(diǎn)。不同的爭(zhēng)論文論點(diǎn)的提出方式往往不同，大體有以下三種狀

況：（1）開宗明義地提出論點(diǎn)。有些爭(zhēng)論文在文章的一起先就提出論點(diǎn)，然后再通過詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去論證論

點(diǎn)。有時(shí)候既有正面的論據(jù)，也有反面的論據(jù)。最終總結(jié)全文。（2）導(dǎo)入式提出論點(diǎn)。有些爭(zhēng)論文會(huì)先敘

述生活中的一件詳細(xì)的事情或描述生活中的現(xiàn)象，然后依據(jù)事情或現(xiàn)象所反映的問題提出自己的論點(diǎn)，最

終用詳細(xì)的論據(jù)去論證自己的論點(diǎn)。（3）最終提出論點(diǎn)。在有些爭(zhēng)論文中，一起先作者僅僅是列舉生活中

的現(xiàn)象，而不表明自己的觀點(diǎn)。

文章通過對(duì)詳細(xì)現(xiàn)象的分析，自然得出一種結(jié)論，這種結(jié)論往往就是作者的論點(diǎn)。對(duì)于純爭(zhēng)論形式的

完形填空，要在駕馭全文主旨的狀況下，找出每段的主旨句。找出了每段的主旨句也就把握了文章的脈絡(luò)，

這樣理解文意就簡(jiǎn)潔了。

Part2解題思路

1.首句制勝，論點(diǎn)明確

把握首句，這樣就可以快速找到文章所要論證的觀點(diǎn)，進(jìn)而理解全文的主旨大意。英語爭(zhēng)論文中絕大

部分首句就是全文的論點(diǎn)，而且通常每段的首句就是主題句（topicsentence）o因此抓住每段的首句是特

別重要的。

[例1]Howmanytimeshasthishappenedtoyou?You，retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk.And

someonetalkingortextingonacellphoneslowsyoudown,orworse,(75)you.

Whatifwecouldputthesemultitaskers(一心二用的人)intotheirownlane,freeinguphalf

ofthesidewalkforpedestrians(行人)whoarepayingattention?

That'stheideabehindthenewshowMindOverMasses.Theshowcreatedaseparatelaneon

aWashington,DCsidewalkforthosewhowantedtolookattheirphones,whiletheotherlanewas

for(76)walkers.ItwaspartofabehaviorexperimentbytheNationalGeographicChannel

intheUS.

However,theexperimentdidn，treallywork(77)itcouldhavebecausealotofphone

usersdidn，tnoticethemarkingsatall.〃it'snosurprisewalkersdidn'tnoticethelanesbecause

theywere(78)lookingattheirphones,“saidYahoo

Checkingphonesonthegoisjustoneofafewannoyingthingsaboutmodernmobilephone

usage.Belowaresomephoneetiquettes(禮儀)tipsprovidedbytheGuardian.

Youshouldreplytomessages,it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtime

toreply,yet(79)toupdatetheirstatuses(狀態(tài))ontheirsocialnetworkingsitesin

themeantime.

Youshouldpickaniceringtone.Nooneappreciatesitwhenanannoyingringtonebreaksinto

whatthey'redoing.

Youshouldnotvisitsomeone，shomeandimmediatelyaskforWi-Fi.Doyouseriouslywantto

climboverthebackofthecouch,grabtherouter(路由器)，andreadtheWi-Fipasswordoffthe

backofit?(80)gotoyourfriend5shome,drinkandeatwhatyourhostgivesyou,and

chatfacetoface.

75.A)runsawayB)runsoutofC)runsintoD)runsafter

76.A)slowerB)quickerC)morecarefulD)morepatient

77.A)aswellasB)assoonasC)asgoodasD)aslongas

78.A)tooafraidB)toobusyC)toocarefulD)toodifficult

79.A)failsB)succeedsC)managesD)enables

80.A)InsteadB)InsteadofC)InadditionD)Inreturn

【詳解】

75.C考查短語.A)runsaway逃跑；B)runsoutof耗盡；C)runintosb撞到某人身上；D)runs

after追求，追逐.依據(jù)前句you'retryingtopassacrowdedsidewalk.Andsomeonetalkingortexting

onacellphoneslowsyoudown,orworse,你正試圖穿過擁擠的人行道.而在手機(jī)上閑聊或發(fā)短信會(huì)

讓你慢下來.可知更糟糕的是，會(huì)撞到你身上.故選C.

76.C考查形容詞.A)slower緩慢的；B)quicker快些的；C)morecareful更細(xì)致，更當(dāng)心；D)

morepatient更耐性.依據(jù)前句TheshowcreatedaseparatelaneonaWashington,DCsidewalkfor

thosewhowantedtolookattheirphones,這個(gè)節(jié)目為那些想看手機(jī)的人在華盛頓特區(qū)的人行道上開

拓了一條獨(dú)立的車道.可知而另一條車道則是更當(dāng)心的行人.故選C.

77.A考查短語.as…as表示同----^樣.依據(jù)前后句However,theexperimentdidn5treallywork***it

couldhavebecausealotofphoneusersdidn'tnoticethemarkingsatall.可知然而，這個(gè)試驗(yàn)

并沒有達(dá)到它所能達(dá)到的效果，因?yàn)楹芏嗍謾C(jī)用戶根本沒有留意到這些標(biāo)記.as…as表示同…一樣.結(jié)合

本題應(yīng)當(dāng)用well修飾動(dòng)詞work.意為這個(gè)試驗(yàn)并沒有達(dá)到它所能達(dá)到的效果.故選A.

78.B考查形容詞.A)tooafraid太膽怯；B)toobusy太忙；C)toocareful太細(xì)致；D)

toodifficult太困難.依據(jù)前句〃it'snosurprisewalkersdidn，tnoticethelanes步行者沒有留

意到車道，這并不驚奇.可知因?yàn)樗麄兠χ词謾C(jī).故選B.

79.A考查動(dòng)詞.A)fails失敗；B)succeeds勝利；C)manages管理，經(jīng)營；D)enables使能夠.依

據(jù)前句it'sveryfrustratingtotextafriendwhotakesalongtimetoreply,可知給——個(gè)須要很

長(zhǎng)時(shí)間回復(fù)的摯友發(fā)短信是特別令人懊喪的，但同時(shí)也沒有在社交網(wǎng)站上更新他們的狀態(tài).故選A.

80.A考查副詞.A)Instead代替，常位于句尾或句首，表示"代替"、"反而、去『'的意思；B)Instead

of代替，是短語介詞，意思是〃代替〃、〃而不是〃.它后面一般接名詞、代詞、動(dòng)名詞或介詞短語作它的賓

語；C)Inaddition另夕卜；D)Inreturn回報(bào).依據(jù)前句Doyouseriouslywanttoclimboverthe

backofthecouch,grabtherouter(路由器)，andreadtheWi-Fipasswordoffthebackofit?

你真的想爬到沙發(fā)后面，拿上路由器，然后從后面讀取Wi-Fi密碼嗎？可知相反，去你摯友的家里喝酒，

吃主子供應(yīng)應(yīng)你的東西，然后面對(duì)面地閑聊.故選A.

2.結(jié)構(gòu)清晰，脈絡(luò)有序

爭(zhēng)論型完形填空的三要素：論點(diǎn)、論據(jù)和論證。它們一般有序地支配在引子、正文、結(jié)論這一爭(zhēng)論文

的一般結(jié)構(gòu)中。

能說明論據(jù)主要內(nèi)容的答案，可以在論點(diǎn)里得到印證，而論點(diǎn)的答案也可以與論據(jù)結(jié)合起來，這樣論

點(diǎn)、論據(jù)形成一體，相互印證。有時(shí)作者為了使文章脈絡(luò)清晰，邏輯流暢，都會(huì)運(yùn)用一些連接詞。如：onthe

contrary,allinall,inshort,generally,worsestill,ontheotherhand,inconclusion,asa

consequence,hence,also,personally,furthermore,definitely,surely,undoubtedly,obviously,

additionally,besides,likewise,forthesakeof,firstl等。

3.按確定的方法論證

爭(zhēng)論型完形填空都是按確定的論證方法來論證的。常用的論證方法有：歸納法(分析個(gè)別事物，達(dá)到共

同點(diǎn)，得出結(jié)論)；推理法(從原理動(dòng)身，個(gè)別分析說明，得出結(jié)論)；比照法(正反比照，分析說明，得出

結(jié)論)；駁論法(闡述錯(cuò)誤觀點(diǎn)，逐條批駁，闡明觀點(diǎn))。

【例2】

Friendsareveryimportantinoureverydaylife.Everyoneneedsfriends.Weallliketofeelclose

tosomeone.(1)isnicetohaveafriendtotalk,laugh,anddothingswith.Certainly,

sometimesweneedtobealone.Wedon'talwayswantpeople(2).Butwewouldfeellonely

ifwe(3)hadafriend.

Notwopeoplearejustthesame.Friends(4)don，tgetonwell.Thatdoesn，tmeanthat

theynolongerlikeeachother.Mostofthetimetheywillmakeup(言歸于好)andbecome(5)

________again.

Sometimesfriendsmoveaway.Thenwefeelvery(6).Wemissthemverymuch,butwe

can(7)themandwritetothem.Andwecan(8)newfriends.Itisencouragingto

findouthowmuchwelikenewpeoplewhenwegettoknowthem.

There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends.Theylive(9)thanpeoplewho

don't.Why?Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy.(10)happyhelpsyoustaywell.Oritcould

bemuchbetterthatsomeonecares.Ifsomeonecaresaboutyou,youtakebettercareofyourself.

(1)A.ItB.HeC.ThereD.Someone

(2)A.aloneB.awayC.alloverD.around

(3)A.everB.neverC.justD.really

(4)A.alwaysB.sometimesC.oftenD.usually

(5)A.sistersB.cousinsC.classmatesD.friends

(6)A.angryB.sadC.happyD.alone

(7)A.callB.askC.tellD.talk

(8)A.lookforB.findC.makeD.know

(9)A.longerB.shorterC.slowerD.faster

(10)A.SmellingB.BeingC.SoundingD.Making

【詳解】

1.A：考查代詞及語境的理解.句意:有一個(gè)摯友可以談話、一起笑、一起做事情是特別好的.這句話中

運(yùn)用的句型是Itis+形容詞+todosth.做某事是…的.在這個(gè)句型中it是形式主語，真正的主語是

動(dòng)詞不定式.故應(yīng)選A,其他的代詞都不能做形式主語.

2.D：考查副詞及語境的理解.句意：我們不想讓人們?cè)谒闹?alone一個(gè)人，獨(dú)自；away離開；allover

遍及；around在四周.依據(jù)上一句話sometimesweneedtobealone的意思可知，有時(shí)候我們也須要一

個(gè)人呆著，不想讓別人在我們的四周.故選D.

3.B：考查副詞及語境的理解.句意：但是假如我們從沒有過摯友，我們就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú).ever曾經(jīng)；never

從不；just僅僅，只；really真的.依據(jù)句意可知Butwewouldfeellonelyifwe(3)hadafriend,

有時(shí)候我們須要一個(gè)人呆著，但是假如從來就沒有過摯友的話，就會(huì)感到孤獨(dú).故選B.

4.B：考查副詞及語境的理解.句意：摯友之間有時(shí)候也相處不好.always總是；sometimes有時(shí)候；often

常常；usually通常.摯友之間因?yàn)樘匦缘牟煌袝r(shí)候也會(huì)相處不好don'tgetonwell,而不是總是、

通?；虺３?故選B.

5.D：考查名詞及語境的理解.句意：大多數(shù)時(shí)候，他們會(huì)言歸于好好，在重新成為摯友.sisters姐妹;

cousins表姐妹；classmates同學(xué)；friends摯友.依據(jù)這一段的意思Mostofthetimetheywillmake

up(言歸于好)andbecome(5)again.可知，摯友之間也要發(fā)生沖突的時(shí)候，但是他們最終還會(huì)言歸于

好，再次成為摯友.故選D.

6.B：考查形容詞及語境的理解.句意：有時(shí)候，摯友可能搬走了，于是我們就會(huì)感到難過.angry生氣

的；sad難過的；happy歡樂的；alone獨(dú)自，一個(gè)人.依據(jù)前一句話的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmove

away,摯友假如搬走了的話，我們會(huì)感到難過.故選B.

7.A：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解.句意：我們會(huì)特別的惦念他們，但是我們可以給他們打電話或?qū)懶?call打

電話；ask問；tell告知；talkwith和某人談話.依據(jù)上文的意思可知Sometimesfriendsmoveaway,

Wemissthemverymuch假如摯友搬走了，我們可以給他們打電話或?qū)懶牛麄儽３致?lián)系.故選A.

8.C：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解.句意：我們也可以交新?lián)从?lookfor找尋；find找到，發(fā)覺；make制

作，這里是makefriends交摯友；know知道.依據(jù)newfriends的意思可知，假如原來的摯友搬走了，

我們還可以交新?lián)从?故應(yīng)當(dāng)用make.

9.A：考查形容詞及語境的理解.句意：有摯友的人比沒有摯友的人活得更長(zhǎng).longer更長(zhǎng)；shorter更

短；slower更慢;faster更快.依據(jù)句意及下文There'smoregoodnewsforpeoplewhohavefriends.They

live(9)thanpeoplewhodon，t.Why?Friendscanmakeusfeelhappy可知，有摯友的人比沒有摯

友的人活得更長(zhǎng)，因?yàn)樗麄兏鼩g樂，這樣身體就會(huì)更健康.故選A.

10.B：考查動(dòng)詞及語境的理解.句意：摯友可以使我們歡樂，歡樂就可以幫助你保持身體健康.smelling

的原形是smell,意思是聞，聞起來；sounding的原形是sound,意思是聽起來；making的原形是make,

意思是使，制作；空后的happy是一個(gè)形容詞，故用being,beinghappy是一個(gè)動(dòng)名詞形式在句中做主

語.故選B.

精講精練

【例題1】

Atnight,youfallasleepwhilelisteningtobeautifulmusic.Inthemorning,youare(1)

upbythesingingofbirdsoutside.Youcanenjoyallofthesethingsbecauseofoneimportant

organ(器官)-theears.March3isEarCareDay.Ithelpsusrememberthe(2)ofourears

andencouragesustotakegoodcareofthem.Youmaywonder：howdotheears(3)?The

earhasthreedifferentparts：theouterear,themiddleear,andtheinnerear.Theouterear

isthepartyoucansee.Itcollects(4)aroundyou.Thesoundthentravelsdowntothemiddle

ear,theinnerearandthentoyourbrain.

Yourearsneverstopworking,even(5)youareasleep!That，swhyyoumaysometimes

wakeupsuddenlyinthemiddleofthenight-yourbrain(6)something,butyoudon，tknow

whatitwas,sinceyouwereasleep.

Butearsdomorethanhear.Theyhelpyoukeepyourbalance,too.Intheinnerear,there

areorgansthatarefilled(7)liquid(液體)andcoveredinsmallhairs.Whenyoumoveyour

head,theliquidandhairsmove,too.Theysend(8)toyourbrainaboutthepositionof

yourhead.

Moresurprisingly,earsevenhelpwith(9)food.Ifsomethinghappenstoyourears,

youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes,accordingtothewebsiteofPeople，sDaily.

Theearsare(10)_____importantorgans.Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownears

aswellastheycan.

1.A.takenB.cheeredC.wokenD.dressed

2.A.sizeB.importanceC.differenceD.shape

3.A.moveB.tastec.smellD.work

4.A.airB.lightc.soundD.heat

5.A.whenB.beforec.untilD.since

6.A.noticedB.heardc.sawD.watched

7.A.ofB.withc.byD.in

8.A.messagesB.newsc.picturesD.signs

9.A.touchingB.feelingc.tastingD.eating

10.,A.quicklyB.slowlyc.freelyD.truly

【答案】CBDCABBACD

【解析】

1.C考查動(dòng)詞，A.taken帶走B.cheered歡呼C.woken醒來的D.dressed裝扮，依據(jù)Inthe

morning,結(jié)合后文bythesingingofbirdsoutside,可知是指在早晨被外面的鳥叫聲吵醒，故選C.

2.B考查名詞，A.size尺寸B.importance重要性C.difference不同D.shape形態(tài)，依據(jù)

encouragesustotakegoodcareofthem激勵(lì)我們好好照看耳朵，可知耳朵是很重要的，故選B.

3.D考查動(dòng)詞，A.move移動(dòng)B.taste嘗起來C.smell聞起來D.work工作，依據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容,

可知描述的是耳朵的工作原理，所以此處是指耳朵是〃如何"工作的，故選D.

4.C考查名詞，A.air空氣B.light光C.sound聲音D.heat熱度，依據(jù)后文Thesoundthen

travelsdowntothemiddleear然后聲音會(huì)傳播到中耳，可知外耳廓的作用是收集四周的聲音，故選C.

5.A考查連詞，A.when當(dāng)…時(shí)B.b6fore在…之前C.until直到D.since自從，依據(jù)Yourears

neverstopworking,even,?,youareasleep,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推出句意：你的耳朵始終在工作，甚至在你

睡覺的時(shí)候，故選A.

6.B考查動(dòng)詞，A.noticed留意到B.heard聽到C.saw看到D.watched觀看，依據(jù)上一句Your

earsneverstopworking,even(5)Ayouareasleep!可知說的是耳朵在睡眠狀態(tài)下也在工作，所以

睡著的時(shí)候可以〃聽到〃聲音，故選B.

7.B考查介詞，A.of…的B.with和…一起C.by被D.in在里面，依據(jù)arefilled…liquid,

結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，可知考查短語befilledwith被…充溢，故選B.

8.A考查名詞，A.messages信息B.news新聞C.pictures圖片D.signs標(biāo)記，依據(jù)toyourbrain,

可知大腦接受身體傳輸?shù)男畔?，故選A.

9.C考查動(dòng)詞A.touching觸覺B.feeling感覺C.tasting品嘗D.eating吃，依據(jù)后文If

somethinghappenstoyourears,youmayhaveahardtimetellingdifferenttastes,假如你的

耳朵出了問題，你可能很難辨別出不同的味道，推出耳朵還有幫助品嘗味道的功能.故選C.

10.D考查副詞，A.quickly快速地B.slowly漸漸地C.freely自由地D.truly真實(shí)地，依據(jù)

Everyoneshouldmakesuretoprotecttheirownearsaswellastheycan.每個(gè)人都應(yīng)當(dāng)盡量愛護(hù)

自己的耳朵.推出耳朵的確很重要，故選D.

【練習(xí)1]

Dopeopleindifferentcountrieshavethesameideaofnumbers?TheunluckynumberforChinese

peopleisusually4becauseitsoundslike(1)word〃death〃.14is(2)than4because

ofitssoundtoo.Onthecontrary,9isa(3)numberforChinese.Itmeans〃long〃and"long

life”.8isas(4)as18fortheysoundlike〃rich〃and〃certainrich”.

I(5)inEuropeforalongtime,andIfindthatinmanywesterncountriespeople

don，tlikethenumber13.(6)tookmeyearstolookforthereason.Tilloneofmyforeign

friendstoldmethatthere(7)13peopleattheLastSupperwithJesusChristandthenhe

waskilled.That's(8)itisanunluckynumber.Theytrynot(9)thisnumberin

manyways.Forexample,(10)yougointoalift,youwillnotseethenumber13init.Many

people(11)believeFridaythethirteenthisaveryunluckyday.Itisusually(12)

FridayinNovember.Theyareverycareful(13)thatdaysuchasdrivingslowly.

Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike(14)numbers.However,we(15)

takeitseriously.Aslongasthenumberisuseful,itisagoodnumber.

1.A.aB.anC.theD./

2.A.badB.badlyC.worseD.theworst

3.A.luckB.luckyc.luckilyD.luckiness

4.A.goodB.wellc.betterD.thebest

5.A.studyB.studiedc.willstudyD.havestudied

6.A.ThisB.Itc.ThatD.They

7.A.isB.wasc.areD.were

8.A.whenB.howc.whyD.what

9.A.useB.usedc.usingD.touse

10.,A.ifB.becausec.thoughD.unless

11.,A.everB.neverc.alsoD.already

12.,A.fourB.thefourc.fourthD.thefourth

13.A.onB.atC.inD.with

14.A.anyB.someC.eachD.every

15.A.couldn，tB.shouldn'tC.mustn，tD.wouldn，t.

【答案】CCBADBDCDACDABB

【解析】

1.c考查冠詞.a和an是不定冠詞,以元音音素開頭的單詞前用an,以輔音音素開頭的單詞前用a.the

是定冠詞，表示強(qiáng)調(diào).依據(jù)句意是特指單詞death,所以選擇C.

2.C考查比較級(jí)結(jié)構(gòu).bad壞的，原型，比較級(jí)是worse,最高級(jí)是worst,badly是副詞，壞的，原型;

依據(jù)后面的than可知要用比較級(jí)，故選擇C.

3.B考查形容詞.luck幸運(yùn)，是名詞.它的形容詞是lucky幸運(yùn)的，副詞是luckily幸運(yùn)地，luckiness

幸運(yùn)，好運(yùn)，依據(jù)后面number是名詞，要用形容詞，故選擇B.

4.A考查形容詞或副詞原級(jí).A好；形容詞；B好；副詞；C比較級(jí)，D最高級(jí)；依據(jù)as…as中要有原型,

同時(shí)本題要用形容詞作is的表語，故選擇A.

5.D考查動(dòng)詞.A原型；B過去式；C將來時(shí)，D完成時(shí)；依據(jù)后面foralongtime一段時(shí)間要用完成

時(shí)，故選擇D.

6.B考查代詞；依據(jù)后面took要用it作主語，固定用法，故選擇B.

7.D考查系動(dòng)詞.依據(jù)前面told可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，therebe句型，后面13people是復(fù)數(shù)形式，所

以要用are的過去式were,故選擇D.

8.C考查疑問詞.A當(dāng)..時(shí)；B怎樣；C為什么、D什么；依據(jù)上面That's(8)itisanunluckynumber

這里是說明了為什么13不是吉利數(shù)字，故選擇C.

9.D考查動(dòng)詞.依據(jù)題干，考查固定結(jié)構(gòu)trynottodosth試著別做某事，故選擇D.

10.A考查連詞；A假如；B因?yàn)?；C雖然；D除非；依據(jù)yougointoalift,youwillnotseethenumber

13init你進(jìn)入電梯，你將看不到13,應(yīng)當(dāng)是假設(shè)，故選擇A.

11.C考查副詞.A曾經(jīng)；B從不；C也；D已經(jīng)；依據(jù)Manypeople(11)believeFridaythethirteenth

isaveryunluckyday.很多人(11)認(rèn)為第十三個(gè)星期五，應(yīng)當(dāng)也是特別不吉利的一天，故選擇C.

12.D考查序數(shù)詞.A4；B4；C第四；D第四；依據(jù)FridayinNovember應(yīng)當(dāng)是H月的第四個(gè)星期五，

要用序數(shù)詞，前面要加the,故選擇D.

13.A考查介詞.依據(jù)后面thatday詳細(xì)的某一天要用介詞on,故選擇A.

14.B考查形容詞.依據(jù)后面numbers是復(fù)數(shù)形式，先解除C、D.A用于否定句或疑問句，B用于確定句，

本句Itisinterestingtoknowhowpeoplelikeordislike(14)numbers.是確定句，故選擇B.

15.B考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞.A不能；B不應(yīng)當(dāng)；C不必，表禁止；D不會(huì)；依據(jù)后面Aslongasthenumber

isuseful,itisagoodnumber.只要這個(gè)數(shù)字有用，它就是個(gè)好數(shù)字，這里takeitseriously,應(yīng)當(dāng)

是不應(yīng)當(dāng)當(dāng)真，故選擇B.

【例題2】

“Friendsaretreasureinourlives”,asthesayinggoes.Itmeansthatfriendsarereally

importantforus.IrememberwhenIwasgrowingup,mymomalways(46),“Halfthefun

ofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers.〃It'strue.Friendsmake(47)enjoythetaste

ofoursuccessandjoyandcomfortusinourchallengingmoments.Theyprovideamirrorforus

to(48)moreaboutourselves.Ihavealwayslookedonfriendsasfamily(49).They

enrichourlives.Asafamouswritersaid,〃Afriendisapresentwhichyougive(50).”

Tobeagoodfriend,it"simportanttobeagoodlistener.Listento(51)yourfriend

saysfirstratherthanmakingaconclusionquickly.

Sometimesitis(52)torepeattheirwordsbacktothem.Itcanhelpthemrealizewhether

theirwordsarewhattheywanttosay.

Patienceisanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend,(53).Youknowtheoldgolden

rule"Careforothers(54)thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou."Thesupportof

afriendduringadifficulttimecanmakeadifferencebetweensuccess(55)failure.

46.A.saidB.toldC.talkedD.spoke

47.A.usB.meC.herD.them

48.A.changeB.teachC.fightD.learn

49.A.friendsB.childrenC.membersD.enemies

50.A.herselfB.yourselfC.himselfD.myself

51.A.whatB.thatC.howD.whose

52.A.boringB.specialC.beautifulD.useful

53.A.neverB.eitherC.tooD.also

54.A.ofB.byc.forD.in

55.A.butB.soc.andD.or

【答案】AADCBADCBC

【解析】

46.A考查動(dòng)詞.依據(jù)后句Halfthefunofdoinganythingissharingitwithothers做任何事的一

半樂趣就是和別人共享.這是我媽媽總是對(duì)我說的，可知強(qiáng)調(diào)說話的內(nèi)容，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.說.表示說的內(nèi)

容；B.告知，C.說話，D.講某種語言.即我的媽媽總是說，故選A.

47.A考查代詞.依據(jù)后句comfortus勸慰我們，這與make是并列關(guān)系，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.我們.B.我,

C.她，D.他們.即這是真的.摯友讓我們?cè)诔湟缣魬?zhàn)的時(shí)刻享受勝利和歡樂的味道.故選A.

48.D考查動(dòng)詞.依據(jù)前句Theyprovideamirror他們供應(yīng)了一面鏡子，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.變更；B.教；C.打

架；D.學(xué)習(xí).可知推想意思是他們?yōu)槲覀児?yīng)了一面鏡子，讓我們更多的了解自己，即用動(dòng)詞不定式表示

目的，故選D.

49.C考查固定短語.依據(jù)后句Theyenrichourlives摯友豐富了我們的生活，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.摯友；B.兒

童；C.成員；D.敵人.可知推想意思是我總是把摯友看作是我的家庭成員，故選C.

50.B考查代詞.依據(jù)前句Afriendisapresentwhichyougive,這里用的是you你，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.她

自己，B.你自己.C.他自己，D.我自己.可知推想意思是摯友是你贈(zèng)送給自己的禮物，故選B.

51.A考查關(guān)系詞.依據(jù)后句yourfriendsays,這里缺少說的賓語，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.什么.B.那，C.怎

樣，如何，D.誰的.可知推想意思是即首先要傾聽你的摯友所說的，故選A.

52.D考查形容詞.依據(jù)前后句Sometimesitis…torepeattheirwordsbacktothem.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.無

聊的；B.特別的；C.美麗的；D.有幫助的.可知應(yīng)說有時(shí)把他們的話重復(fù)一遍是很有用的.故選D.

53.C考查副詞.依據(jù)前句Patience（耐性）isanimportantpartofbeingagoodfriend,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，

A.從不，B.也，表示否定意義，C.也.D.也，通常放在句中.可知推想意思是耐性也很重要，這里放

在了句子的結(jié)尾，且表達(dá)確定的意思，故選C.

54.B考查固定短語.依據(jù)前后句Careforothers…thewayyouwouldlikethemtocareforyou,

結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.…的；B.通過；C.為了；D.在…里.可知推想意思是以你希望他們關(guān)切你的方式照看他

人，bytheway通過這種方式，故選B.

55.C考查固定短語.依據(jù)前句betweensuccess,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，A.但，B.因此，C.和.D.或者.可知

推想意思是在困難時(shí)刻摯友的支持能夠?qū)倮褪‘a(chǎn)生很多的影響，即固定短語between…and…，故選

C.

【練習(xí)2]

Haveyouseenthecartoonsoftwopenguins(企鵝)ontheInternet?Theysitoneitherside

ofasmall(16).Theyarefriends,buteachdoessomethingselfish(自私的)which(17)

theirfriend〃ship〃tosink(沉沒).

Thecartoonshavebecomevery(18).Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendshipand

sometimes(19)theymaylosetheirfriends.Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappy

and(20)momentswith.Afriendissomeonetotalktoaboutyourdeepestfeelings.And

withagoodfriendyouwillneverbealone.

However,keepingfriendshipisn，talways(21).Thekeyto(22)yourfriend

〃ship〃fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings：sharing,caringandcommunicating.Good

friendsliketoshareeverythingwitheachother.Theysharetheirsnacks,theysharetheir(23)

aboutschoolwork,sometimestheyevensharetheirclothes!Andgoodfriendsalsocare

abouteachother.Theydo(24)theycantomaketheirfriendshappy.Butthemostimportant

partoffriendshipiscommunicating.

Communicatingmeanstalkingtoyourfriendsandbeinghonestwiththem.Italsomeansthat

youkeepintouchwithyourfriendseventhoughtheymaybein(25)schoolsorlivefar

away.Withoutcommunication,itissuretosendyourfriend〃ship〃tosinkintothesea.

16.A.houseB.chairC.boatD.cave

17.A.causesB.findsC.catchesD.sends

18.A.importantB.interestingc.colourfulD.popular

19.A.thinkB.worryc.speakD.wake

20.A.joyfulB.meaningfulc.angryD.sad

21.A.easyB.difficultc.seriousD.helpful

22.A.runningB.walkingc.stayingD.keeping

23.A.moneyB.foodc.toysD.knowledge

24.A.whoeverB.wheneverc.whateverD.whenever

25.A.thesameB.differentc.expensiveD.cheap

【答案】CADBDADDCB

【解析】

16c考查名詞：依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是它們坐在一艘小船的兩邊.故

選C.

17A考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theirfriend"ship"tosink,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是他們是摯友，但是每個(gè)企鵝

都做了自私的事情讓友情消逝.故選A.

18D考查形容詞：依據(jù)Itshowshowmuchpeoplevaluefriendship,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是這個(gè)動(dòng)畫

已經(jīng)很流行.它展示了人們有多么的珍惜友情，故選D.

19B考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theymaylosetheirfriends,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是有時(shí)候會(huì)擔(dān)憂他們會(huì)失去摯

友.故選B.

20D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)Afriendissomeoneyoucanshareyourhappyand,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是摯友

是一位你能共享歡樂分擔(dān)苦痛的人.故選D.

21A考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)However,keepingfriendshipisn'talways,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是然而，維持

友情不是始終很簡(jiǎn)潔.故選A.

22D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)yourfriend"ship"fromsinkingcomesdowntothreesimplethings,結(jié)合選

項(xiàng)，推想意思是愛護(hù)你友情之船不會(huì)沉沒的秘訣歸結(jié)于三件簡(jiǎn)潔的事情：共享，關(guān)切和溝通.考查短語

keep…from,故選D.

23D考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)aboutschoolwork,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是好的摯友喜愛彼此共享一切.他們共享他

們的零食，學(xué)業(yè)學(xué)問，有時(shí)候他們甚至共享衣服.故選D.

24C考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)theycan,結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想意思是他們會(huì)做他們能做的一切去讓自己的摯友快樂.這

里用whatever充當(dāng)do的賓語，故選C.

25B考查動(dòng)詞：依據(jù)eventhoughtheymaybein(25)schoolsorlivefaraway.結(jié)合選項(xiàng)，推想

意思是也意味著即使或許在不同的學(xué)?；蛘咦〉暮苓h(yuǎn)也要和你的摯友保持聯(lián)系.故選B.

【例題3】

z/Thankyou〃iswidely(41)inamodernsociety.Itisaverygood(42).You

shouldsay，zThankyou〃(43)othershelpyouorsay(44)kindtoyou.Forexample,

whensomeone(45)thedoorforyou,whensomeonesaysyouhavedoneyourworkwell,

whensomeonesaysyouhave(46)aniceshirt,oryourcityisverybeautiful,youshould

say/zThankyou〃.Itisusednotonlybetweenfriends,(47)betweenparentsandchildren,

(48)andsisters,husbandsandwives.

“Excuseme〃is(49)shortpoliteusage.Weuseitthe(50)as"Thankyou”.When

youhearsomeonesayssobehindyou,you'11gettoknowthatsome